TRIGNOMETRY

PRESENTATION
ABOUT TRIGNOMETRY

 Trigonometry (from Greek trigon, "triangle" and metron, "measure") is a branch

of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths
and angles of triangles.
HISTORY OF TRIGNOMETRY

 The field emerged in the Hellenistic world during the 3rd century BC from

applications of geometry to astronomical studies.
 The Greeks focused on the calculation of chords, while mathematicians in India
created the earliest-known tables of values for trigonometric ratios (also
called trigonometric functions) such as sine.
 Throughout history, trigonometry has been applied in areas such
as geodesy, surveying, celestial mechanics, and navigation.
TRIGNOMETRIC
RATIOS,IDENTITIES,FORMULAS AND DERIVATION
RATIOS

•Tan θ = Sin θ/Cos θ
•Cot θ = Cos θ/Sin θ
TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES
 TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•sin2 a + cos2 a = 1
Applying Pythagoras Theorem for the given triangle, we have
(hypotenuse)2 = (base)2 + (perpendicular)2
AC2 = AB2+BC2     ………………………..(1)
Now,on dividing each term of equation (1) by AC2, we have
AC2/AC2 = AB2/AC2 + BC2/AC2
⇒AB2/AC2+BC2/AC2 = 1
⇒(AB/AC)2+(BC/AC)2 = 1 ………………………….(2)
We know that,
(AB/AC)2=cosa and (BC/AC)2=sina, thus equation (2) can be written as-
sin2 a + cos2 a = 1
 TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•1+tan2 a  = sec2 a
AC2/AB2 = AB2/AB2+BC2/AB2
⇒AC2/AB2 = 1+BC2/AB2
⇒(AC/AB)2 = 1+(BC/AB)2 ……………………(3)
By referring trigonometric ratios, it can be seen that:
AC/AB = hypotenuse/side adjacent to angle a = seca
Similarly,
BC/AB = side opposite to angle a/side adjacent to angle a = tan
a
Replacing the values of AC/AB and BC/AB in the equation
(3) gives,
1+tan2 a  = sec2 a
 TRIGNOMETRIC IDENTITIES

•cosec2 a = 1 + cot2 a
AC2/BC2 = AB2/BC2 + BC2/BC2
⇒AC2/BC2 = AB2/BC2+1
⇒(AC/BC)2 = (AB/BC)2+1 …………………..(iv) 
By referring trigonometric ratios, it can be seen that:
AC/BC = hypotenuse/side opposite to angle a = coseca
Also,
AB/BC = side adjacent to angle aside opposite to angle a = cota
Replacing the values of ACBC and ABBC in the equation (4) gives,
cosec2 a = 1 + cot2 a
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CLASS 10 RD SHARMA,WIKIPEDIA
END
OF THE PROJECT