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Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. Maximum covalent character is shown by
(1) NCl3 (2) PCl3 (3) AsCl3 (4) SbCl3
Sol. Answer (1)
Lesser the electronegativity difference between the two bended atom, higher is the covalent character. Since
the elctronegativity difference between N & Cl is minimum, NCl3 has maximum covalent character, N is more
electronegative then P, As and Sb.
3HNO 2
HNO 3 + H 2O + 2NO
NH 4Cl + NaNO 2
N 2 + 2H 2O + NaCl
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68 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
5. Oxide of nitrogen which is acidic in nature and blue coloured liquid at –30°C
(1) N2O (2) NO (3) N2O3 (4) NO2
Sol. Answer (3)
N2O3 is an acidic oxide and present as a blue coloured liquid at –30°C. N2O and NO are neutral whereas
NO2 is brown coloured.
O O O
N N
O O
As clear from the structure of N2O5, covalency of nitrogen is 4 but the oxidation state is +5.
x– 2
N 2 O 5 is a neutral compound. Let the oxidation state of N2O5 be x.
(2 × x) + (–2 × 5) = 0
2x – 10 = 10
x=5
O O O
N N
O O
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 69
10. The incorrect statement among the following is
(1) Reducing character of hydrides of group 15 increases down the group
(2) Basicity of hydrides of group 15 increases down the group
(3) Phosphorus and arsenic can form p–d bond but not nitrogen
(4) NCl5 does not exist
Sol. Answer (2)
Hydrides of group 15 are basic due to their ability to donate lone pair of electrons. On moving down the group,
the size of atom increases and consequently charge density decreases. Therefore the lone pair is less available
for donation. Hence basicity decreases down the group.
12. In brown ring test for nitrate ions, brown ring is formed having composition
(1) [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (2) [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+ (3) [Fe(H2O)5NO]3+ (4) [Fe(H2O)5NO2]2+
Sol. Answer (2)
In the brown ring test, the reaction takes place as
13. Allotrope of phosphorus which is polymeric consisting of chains of P4 tetrahedral linked together is
(1) White phosphorus (2) Red phosphorus
(3) Yellow phosphorus (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (2)
Red phosphorus is polymeric in nature consisting of chain of P4 tetrahedra linked together
P P P
P P P P P P
P P P
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70 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
15. Cyclotrimeta phosphoric acid has total number of P=O & P–O bonds respectively
(1) 5, 3 (2) 3, 9 (3) 3, 6 (4) 5, 6
Sol. Answer (2)
The structure of cyclotrimetaphosphoric acid is
O O O
P P
HO OH
O O
P
O OH
As shown in the figure, cyclotrimetaphosphoric acid contain 3 P=O bond and 9 P–O single bond.
F S F
F F
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 71
Pb 3O 4 (s)
6PbO(s) + O 2 (g)
On electrolysis of H2O, O2 is obtained at anode.
24. On reaction of moist SO2 with potassium permangnate, (Acidic) which is correctly observed?
(1) Colour of KMnO4 is decolourised (2) SO2 is oxidised to SO3
(3) MnO4 is reduced to MnO2 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
5SO 2 + 2MnO 4 – + 2H 2O
5SO 4 2– + 4H + + 2Mn 2+
Pink coloured Colourless
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72 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
30. Cl2 on reaction with cold and dilute NaOH gives NaCl and
(1) NaOCl (2) NaClO3 (3) NaClO4 (4) NaClO2
Sol. Answer (1)
Cl 2 + 2NaOH
NaCl + NaOCl + H 2O
(Cold & dilute)
573 K
31. Cl2 F2 A
(excess)
Shape of compound A is
(1) Linear (2) Tetrahedral (3) T shape (4) Trigonal bipyramidal
Sol. Answer (3)
573 K
Cl 2 + F2 2ClF3
(Excess)
ClF3 is T-shaped.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 73
32. The correct order of acidic strength is
(1) HClO4 > HClO3 > HClO2 > HClO (2) HClO3 > HBrO3 > HIO3
(3) H3PO2 > H3PO3 > H3PO4 (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Generally, oxoacids in which the central atom is in higher oxidation state are stronger acid but in case of
oxoacids of phosphorous the order is just reversed because in H3PO2 only one ionizable –OH group is present
and two and three –OH group in H3PO3 and H3PO4 respectively. Since in H3PO4 and 1–OH group is there, it
has higher tendency to release H+ than H3PO3 and H3PO4.
Xe
O O
O
(1) O F (2) F
O
Xe
Xe
O F
O
F
Xe
F
O
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74 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. NH3 O2
Pt
A H2O
A + O2 B
B + H2O C + D
A, B, C and D respectively are
(1) NO, NO2, HNO3 and HNO2 (2) NO2, HNO2, NO and HNO3
(3) HNO2, NO2, HNO3 and N2O (4) HNO2, N2O, NO and HNO3
Sol. Answer (1)
Pt
NH 3 + O 2
NO + H 2O
A
NO + O 2
NO 2
B
NO 2 + H 2O
HNO 3 + HNO 2
C D
TeF6 + 6H 2O
Te(OH) 6 + 6HF
O O
O
O P P O
O
O O
O
There are 4 oxygen atoms co-ordinated to P.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 75
5. Calomel (Hg2Cl2) on reaction with NH4OH gives
(1) Hg2O (2) HgO (3) HgNH2Cl (4) NH2Hg2Cl
Sol. Answer (3)
XeF6 + 3H 2O
XeO 3 + 6HF
9. Which one of the following does not form during the hydrolysis of XeF6?
(1) XeO3 (2) XeOF4 (3) XeO2F2 (4) XeOF3
Sol. Answer (4)
XeOF3 is not formed during the hydrolysis of XeF6 because Xe is not pentavalent.
10. The final product formed, when alkaline KI solution reacts with ozone, is
(1) I2 (2) KIO3 (3) HI (4) Reaction will not occur
Sol. Answer (1)
2KI H2O O3 2KOH I2 O2
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76 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
HNO 3 + 3HCl
Cl 2 + NOCl + 2H 2O
Cl 2 + Pt/HCl
H 2PtCl 6
P
H2PtCl6 is chloroplatinic acid. HNO3 and HCl forms aqua regia, a mixture which can dissolve noble metals
like Pt.
13. What is the product formed when NH3 reacts with excess of Cl2?
(1) NH4Cl & HCl (2) NH4Cl & N2 (3) NCl3 & HCl (4) NH4Cl & NCl3
Sol. Answer (3)
NH 3 + Cl 2
NCl 3 + 3HCl
Excess
17. Which of the following metal gives NH4NO3 with very dilute HNO3?
(1) Fe (2) Ti (3) Cu (4) Hg
Sol. Answer (1)
With very dilute HNO3, Fe gives NH4NO3
4Fe + 10HNO 3
4Fe(NO 3 ) 2 + NH 4NO 3 + 3H 2O
18. In iodide of Millon’s base formed by the reaction of Nessler’s reagent with NH3, the coordination number of Hg will
be
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 77
Sol. Answer (1)
K HgI
2 4 + NH 3 + 3KOH NH 2 – Hg – O – Hg – I + 7KI + 2H 2O
Nessler's Reagent Iodide of millon's base
Hg + H
–
O N I
Hg H
20. When Cu is reacted with hot concentrated solution of H2SO4 then the gas obtained is
(1) O2 (2) H2 (3) SO2 (4) SO3
Sol. Answer (3)
21. A metal X when burnt in air, X-forms oxide and nitride both, X can be
(1) Rb (2) Mg (3) Na (4) K
Sol. Answer (2)
2Mg + O 2 2MgO
From air
3Mg + N 2 Mg 3N 2
From air
–
F
Cl
F
Linear structure of CIF2–.
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78 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
2NO 2 + H 2O
HNO 2 + HNO 3
6NaOH + 3Cl 2
NaCl + NaClO 3 + 3H 2O
hot & conc.
Conc. and hot NaOH on reaction with Cl2 produces sodium hypochlorate (NaClO3).
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 79
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. AIF3 is soluble in HF only in presence of KF. It is due to the formation of [NEET (Phase-2) 2016]
(1) K3[AIF3H3] (2) K3[AIF6] (3) AIH3 (4) K[AIF3H]
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact.
2. Hot concentrated sulphuric acid is a moderately strong oxidizing agent. Which of the folllowing reactions does
not show oxidizing behaviour? [NEET (Phase-2) 2016]
(1) Cu + 2H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
(2) 3S + 2H2SO4 3SO2 + 2H2O
(3) C + 2H2SO4 CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
(4) CaF2 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + 2HF
Sol. Answer (4)
CaF2 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + 2HF
In this reaction there is no change in oxidation state of any atom.
3. When copper is heated with conc. HNO3, it produces [NEET-2016]
(1) Cu(NO3)2 and N2O (2) Cu(NO3)2 and NO2
(3) Cu(NO3)2 and NO (4) Cu(NO3)2, NO and NO2
Sol. Answer (2)
O O
P P
H OH HO H
H OH
(Phosphinic acid) (Phosphonic acid)
Monoprotic Diprotic
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80 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
O
P
H OH
H
[H3PO2]
Strong reducing behaviour of H3PO2 is due to presence of one –OH group and two P – H bonds.
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 81
12. Acidity of diprotic acids in aqueous solutions increases in the order [AIPMT-2014]
(1) H2S < H2Se < H2Te (2) H2Se < H2S < H2Te (3) H2Te < H2S < H2Se (4) H2Se < H2Te < H2S
Sol. Answer (1)
In aqueous solution, acidity of p-block element increases down the group.
due to maximum molecular weight.
Or
The dissociation energy decreases as the bond length M – H increases from O to Te, this facilitates the release
of proton.
13. Which of these is least likely to act as a Lewis base ? [NEET-2013]
–
(1) F (2) BF3 (3) PF3 (4) CO
Sol. Answer (2)
14. Which is the strongest acid in the following? [NEET-2013]
(1) HClO3 (2) HClO4 (3) H2SO3 (4) H2SO4
Sol. Answer (2)
In HClO4, the oxidation state of chlorine is +7 and the conjugate base of HClO4 is stabilized by four oxygen
atom which are involved in resonance. HClO4 is even more acidic than H2SO4 since Cl is more electronegative
than S which makes the release of H+ easier.
15. Roasting of sulphides give the gas X as by product. This is a colourless gas with choking smell of burnt sulphur
and causes great damage to respiratory organs as a result of acid rain. Its aqueous solution is acidic, acts as a
reducing agent and its acid has never been isolated. The gas X is [NEET-2013]
(1) SO2 (2) CO2 (3) SO3 (4) H2S
Sol. Answer (1)
16. XeF2 is isostructural with [NEET-2013]
(1) ICI2– (2) SbCl3 (3) BaCl2 (4) TeF2
Sol. Answer (1)
Both XeF2 and ICl2 are linear in shape.
17. Which of the following does not give oxygen on heating? [NEET-2013]
(1) Zn(ClO3)2 (2) K2Cr2O7 (3) (NH4)2Cr2O7 (4) KClO3
Sol. Answer (3)
Ammonium dichromate gives the following products upon heating
In Cl2, the oxidation number of Cl is O but in NaClO3 the oxidation number of Cl is +5 and – 1 in NaCl.
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82 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
20. A mixture of potassium chlorate, oxalic acid and sulphuric acid is heated. During the reaction which element
undergoes maximum change in the oxidation number? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) Cl (2) C (3) S (4) H
Sol. Answer (1)
21. Sulphur trioxide can be obtained by which of the following reaction [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) S + H2SO4 (2) H2SO4 + PCl5
(3) CaSO4 + C (4) Fe2(SO4)3
Sol. Answer (4)
Fe 2 SO 4 3
Fe 2O 3 + 3SO 3
22. Which of the following statements is not valid for oxoacids of phosphorus? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) All oxoacids contain tetrahedral four coordinated phosphorus
(2) All oxoacids contain atleast one P = O unit and one P–OH group
(3) Orthophosphoric acid is used in the manufacture of triple superphosphate
(4) Hypophosphorous acid is a diprotic acid
Sol. Answer (4)
Hypophosphorous acid is H3PO2 which contains only one ionizable –OH group. It is a monoprotic (monobasic)
acid.
O
P
H OH
H
23. In which of the following arrangements the given sequence is not strictly according to the property indicated
against it? [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) HF < HCl < HBr < HI : increasing acidic strength
(2) H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te : increasing pKa values
(3) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 : increasing acidic character
(4) CO2 < SiO2 < SnO2 < PbO2 : increasing oxidising power
Sol. Answer (2)
On moving down the group in group 16, acidity of hydrides increases because the bond strength decreases
due to increases in size of central atom. Since acidity is increasing down the group, pKa value decreases.
Higher the acidity, lower is the pKa value.
24. Which of the following is least likely to behave as Lewis base? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) OH– (2) H2O (3) NH3 (4) BF3
Sol. Answer (4)
25. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following species are [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Cl2O < ClO2 < ClO2– (2) ClO2 < Cl2O < ClO2– (3) Cl2O < ClO2– < ClO2 (4) ClO2– < Cl2O < ClO2
Sol. Answer (3)
Bond pair-bond pair repulsion is maximum in ClO2, and minimum in ClO2–. Therefore bond angle is maximum
in ClO2 and minimum in ClO2–.
26. How many bridging oxygen atoms are present in P4O10? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) 6 (2) 4 (3) 2 (4) 5
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 83
Sol. Answer (1)
Structure of P4O10
O
P
1 2
O O
3
O
O P P O
4
O
5O O6
P
O
Number of Bridging oxygen atom = 6.
27. Among the following which is the strongest oxidising agent? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Br2 (2) I2 (3) Cl2 (4) F2
Sol. Answer (4)
28. Which one of the following orders correctly represents the increasing acid strengths of the given acids ?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) HOClO3 < HOClO2 < HOClO < HOCl (2) HOCl < HOClO < HOClO2 < HOClO3
(3) HOClO3 < HOCl < HOClO3 < HOClO2 (4) HOClO2 < HOClO3 < HOClO < HOCl
Sol. Answer (2)
29. Which of the following oxidation states are the most characteristic for lead and tin respectively ?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) +2, +2 (2) +4, +2 (3) +2, +4 (4) +4, +4
Sol. Answer (3)
Lower oxidation state (+2) is more stable as we move down the group.
30. Which one of the following orders is not in accordance with the property stated against it ?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 : Oxidising power (2) HI > HBr > HCl > HF : Acidic property in water
(3) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 : Electronegativity (4) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 : Bond dissociation energy
Sol. Answer (4)
31. Which of the following is not isostructural with SiCl4 ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
33. In which of the following compounds, nitrogen exhibits highest oxidation state?
(1) N3H (2) NH2OH (3) N2H4 (4) NH3
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84 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
1
(1) N3H 3x + 1 = 0 x = –
3
(2) NH2OH Þ x + 2 – 2 + 1 = 0 x = –1
(3) N2H4 2x + 1 4 = 0 x = –2
(4) NH3 x + 3 = 0 x = –3
34. Which of the following displaces Br2 from an aqueous solution containing bromide ions?
(1) I2 (2) I3– (3) Cl2 (4) Cl–
Sol. Answer (3)
Chlorine is stronger oxidizing agent as compared to Br2. It oxidizes Br– ions present in solution,
Cl 2 + 2Br –
2Cl – + Br2
35. Repeated use of which one of the following fertilizers would increase the acidity of the soil?
(1) Ammonium sulphate (2) Superphosphate of lime
(3) Urea (4) Potassium nitrate
Sol. Answer (1)
Ammonium sulphate on hydrolysis gives sulphuric acid which can increase the acidity of soil if it is used
regularly
38. The decomposition of organic compounds, in the presence of oxygen and without the development of odoriferous
substances, is called
(1) Nitrification (2) N2-fixation (3) Decay (4) Denitrification
Sol. Answer (3)
The decomposition of organic compounds, in presence of oxygen and without the formation of odoriferous
substances is called decay.
39. Nitrogen forms N2, but phosphorus does not form P2, however, it forms P4, reason is
(1) Triple bond present between phosphorus atom (2) p – p bonding is weak
(3) p – p bonding is strong (4) Multiple bonds form easily
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 85
Sol. Answer (2)
Nitrogen forms N2 because small size of nitrogen atom allows it to from strong p – p bond but in phosphorus,
p – p bonding is weak due to the large size of phosphorus atom. Therefore phosphorus forms sigma bonds
and exist as P4 which is tetrahedral in shape.
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86 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
COOH
+ H2SO4 CO + CO2 + H2O
COOH
Oxalic acid
46. Chemical formula of phosgene is
(1) COCl2 (2) CaOCl2 (3) CaCO3 (4) COCl
Sol. Answer (1)
Phosgene is COCl2
O
P
Cl Cl
Phosgene
47. Pb + conc. HNO3 gives
(1) Pb(NO3)2 + NO2 (2) PbNO3 + N2O (3) Pb(NO3)2 + N2O3 (4) Pb(NO3)2 + N2O
Sol. Answer (1)
Pb NO 3 2 + 2NO 2 + 2H 2O
Pb + 4HNO 3
Conc.
F2 + 2KBr
2KF + Br2
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Solution of Assignment (Set-2) The p-Block Elements 87
49. Which of the following has P-P linkage?
(1) H4P2O6 (2) H4P2O7
(3) HPO3 (4) H3PO4
Sol. Answer (1)
O O
HO P P OH
OH OH
O O
N O N
O O
N2O5 contains both covalent bond and coordinate bond.
51. Which of the following dissolves in water but does not gives any oxyacid solution?
(1) SO2 (2) OF2 (3) SCl4 (4) SO3
Sol. Answer (2)
Oxygen fluorides do not form oxyacid due to small difference in E.N. power and the bond is energy covalent.
52. Which of the following is used during the preparation of fluorine by Whytlaw Gray method?
(1) KF(aq) (2) HF(aq)
(3) Molten KHF2 (4) NH4F
Sol. Answer (3)
At anode, 2F F2 2e
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
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88 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
Rb XeF7
XeF6 + RbF
Valency of S in S8 is two since each S is linked with other two S atoms and in elemental state oxidation
state of every element is O. Rhombic sulphur is the most stable allotropic form of sulphur but this reason
does not explains the Assertion.
R : Bond order of N2 is 3.
N2 contains a triple bond whereas O2 contains a double bond. Since a triple bond is more stable than a double
bond N2 is more stable than O2. Bond order of three indicates triple bond. Higher the bond order, higher is
the stability.
PH5 does not exist because five oxidation state of phosphorus is not possible. Hence Assertion is true and
Reason is the correct Explanation.
NH3 is more polar than NF3 because in NF3 magnetic moment due to lone pair and N–F bond are aligned
in opposite direction. NF3 does not undergoes hydrolysis.
R : O3 converts Ag to Ag2O.
O3 is a better oxidizing agent than H2O2 because O2 is unstable and easily provides oxygen required for
oxidation O3 oxidizes Ag to Ag2O. This Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
2Na 2S 2O 3 + I 2
Na 2S 4O 6 + 2NaI
This reaction envolve charge in oxidation state which changes the colour of compound as well as electronic
configuration of S. But Reason does not explain the Assertion.
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90 The p-Block Elements Solution of Assignment (Set-2)
16. A : Cl2 on reaction with NaOH (cold and dilute) gives NaClO3.
R : Cl2 get oxidized only in this reaction.
Sol. Answer (4)
Cl2 on reaction with cold and dilute NaOH gives NaOCl
Cl 2 + 2NaOH
NaCl + NaOCl + H 2O
This is a disproportionation reaction in which Cl goes both oxidation as well as reduction. Hence both
Assertion and Reason are false.
17. A : 2F– + Cl2 2Cl– + F2, is a reaction having G = –ve.
R : Cl2 is better oxidizing agent than F2.
Sol. Answer (4)
2F – + Cl 2
2Cl – + F2
This reaction is not feasible because flourine is the strongest oxidizing agent. G for this reaction is positive
Both Assertion and Reason are false.
18. A : H3PO4 is less acidic than H3PO3.
R : Oxidation state of phosphorus in H3PO4 < H3PO3.
Sol. Answer (3)
H3PO4 is less acidic then H3PO3 because H3PO3 contains only two O–OH group which can be easily ionized
as compared H3PO4 which contains 3–OH group. Oxidation state of P in H3PO4 is +5 whereas in H3PO4 it
is +3.
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