BRITISH NOBILITY

Presentation Group
 Nguyễn Thị Yến Nhi
 Bùi Thị Thanh Tân
 Khương Đình Khoa
 Nguyễn Thị Mai Lô ̣c
 OUTLINE
I. Titles & Coronets 1) Types
1) Titles I. Roles in the House of Lords
2) Coronets 1) Members
II. Privileges & Types 2) Change of roles
1) Privileges
 Part 1: Titles
British
Nobility Part 2: Coronets

Presenters: Yến Nhi and Thanh Tân

 Part 1:
British Nobility
Titles

Peers (from left to right): duke, marquess, earl, viscount,

baron from A book explaining the ranks and dignitaries of
British Society (1809)

Presenters: Yến Nhi and Thanh Tân

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

1.DUKE

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

1. DUKE
 The highest rank
 First introduced by Edward III in 1337
 Latin: dux  leader
 “Most Noble”
 “My Lord Duke “, “Your Grace”
  "The Duke of [duchy]” (formal)
e.g. The Duke of Wales
 Signature = the name of their territory
e.g. The Duke of Cambridge  “Cambridge”
Presenter: Yến Nhi
Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

1. DUKE
Prince Philip,
Duke of
Edinburgh

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

2.Marquess

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

2. Marquess/
Marquis
 The second rank
 Introduced in 1387 by Richard II
 “The Most Honorable” (formal)
 “The Marquess of [X]” (formal)
 “Lord [X]”(informal)
 Signature = the name of their territory

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

2. Marquess/Marquis

Charles Petty-FitzMaurice,
9th Marquess of
Lansdowne

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

3.Earl

Presenter: Yến Nhi

 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

3. Earl
 In Latin: “Comes”

 In French: “Comte” or “Count”

 Before 1337: the highest  now: the third rank

 “The Right Honorable (formal)

 The Earl of [X]” (formal)

 “Lord of [X]” (informal)

Presenter: Yến Nhi

 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

3. Earl
Charles Chetwynd-Talbot,
22nd Earl of Shrewsbury

Presenter: Yến Nhi

Ảnh Này của Tác giả Không xác định được cấp phép theo CC BY-SA
 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

Relationship
Rule Name Title
to duke
Anne
Wife Husband’s title The Duchess of Wessex
Hampton
Next available title of his father George The Marquess of Denmead
Eldest son
as a courtesy title Hampton (Lord Denmead)
Eldest son’s Selina The Marchioness of Denmead
Husband’s title
wife Hampton (Lady Denmead)

Edward
Younger son Lord + [Christian Name] + [Surname] Lord Edward Hampton
Hampton

Younger Lady + [Husband’s Christian Name] + Elizabeth

Lady Elizabeth Hampton
son’s wife [Surname] Hampton

Catherine
Daughter Lady + [Christian Name] + [Surname] Lady Catherine Hampton
Hampton
Presenter: Yến Nhi
 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

Relationship
Rule Name Title
to marquess

Selina The Marchioness of Denmead

Wife Husband’s title
Hampton (Lady Denmead)
Next available title of his father Robert The Earl Hampton
Eldest son
as a courtesy title Hampton (Lord Hampton)
Eldest son’s Caroline The Countess Hampton
Husband’s title
wife Hampton (Lady Hampton)

Edward
Younger son Lord + [Christian Name] + [Surname] Lord Edward Hampton
Hampton

Younger Lady + [Husband’s Christian Name] + Elizabeth

Lady Edward Hampton
son’s wife [Surname] Hampton

Catherine
Daughter Lady + [Christian Name] + [Surname] Lady Catherine Hampton
Hampton
Presenter: Yến Nhi
 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

Relationship
Rule Name Title
to earl
Caroline
Wife Husband’s title The Countess Hampton
Hampton
Next available title of his father Francis The Viscount Hampton
Eldest son
as a courtesy title Hampton (Lord Hampton)
Eldest son’s Eleanor The Viscountess Hampton
Husband’s title
wife Hampton (Lord Hampton)

The Honourable + [Christian Name] + Edward

Younger son The Honourable Edward Hampton
[Surname] Hampton

Younger The Honourable + [Husband’s Christian Elizabeth The Honourable Mrs Edward
son’s wife Name] + [Surname] Hampton Hampton

Catherine
Daughter Lady + [Christian Name] + [Surname] Lady Catherine Hampton
Hampton
Presenter: Yến Nhi
Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

4.Viscount

Presenter: Thanh Tân

 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

4. Viscount
 The fourth rank in the British peerage

 From the Latin: vicecomes, meaning ‘vice-count’

 Introduced by Henry VI in 1440

 the newest rank of the peerage

 “The Right Honorable”

 “The Viscount [viscounty]”

 “Lord [viscounty]”
Presenter: Thanh Tân
 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

4. Viscount

William Waldorf Astor III,

4th Viscount Astor

Presenter: Thanh Tân

 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles
Relationship
Rule Name Title
to viscount
Eleanor The Viscountess Hampton
Wife Husband’s title
Hampton (Lady Hampton)
The Honorable + [Christian Name] + James
Eldest son The Honorable James Hampton
[Surname] Hampton
Eldest son’s The Honorable + [Husband’s Christian Jane The Honorable Mrs James
wife Name] + [Surname] Hampton Hampton

The Honorable + [Christian Name] + Alfred

Younger son The Honorable Alfred Hampton
[Surname] Hampton

Younger The Honorable + [Husband’s Christian Mary The Honorable Mrs Alfred
son’s wife Name] + [Surname] Hampton Hampton

The Honorable + [Christian Name] + Marianne The Honorable Marianne

Daughter
[Surname] Hampton Hampton

Presenter: Thanh Tân

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

5.Baron

Presenter: Thanh Tân

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

5. Baron
 The lowest rank in the British peerage

 From the Old German: Baro, meaning ‘freeman’

 Introduced to England by the Normans in 1066

 “The Right Honorable”

 “The Lord [last name] of [barony]”

 “Lord of [barony]”
Presenter: Thanh Tân
Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

5. Baron

Zac Goldsmith,

Lord Goldsmith of Richmond Park

Presenter: Thanh Tân

 Part 1:
British Nobility Titles

Relationship
Rule Name Title
to baron
Jane
Wife Husband’s title The Lady Hampton
Hampton
The Honorable + [Christian Name] + Charles The Honorable Charles
Eldest son
[Surname] Hampton Hampton
Eldest son’s The Honorable + [Husband’s Christian Charlotte The Honorable Mrs Charles
wife Name] + [Surname] Hampton Hampton

The Honorable + [Christian Name] + Frederick The Honorable Frederick

Younger son
[Surname] Hampton Hampton

Younger The Honorable + [Husband’s Christian Alice The Honorable Mrs Frederick
son’s wife Name] + [Surname] Hampton Hampton

The Honorable + [Christian Name] + Augusta The Honorable Augusta

Daughter
[Surname] Hampton Hampton

Presenter: Thanh Tân

Part 1:
British Nobility Titles
Part 2: Coronets

Presenter: Thanh Tân

 Part 2: Coronets

 Peers only wear coronets at

coronations.

 The rank of peer is indicated by the

form of the coronet he or she

wears at a coronation.

Presenter: Thanh Tân

 PART 2: CORONETS

Duke Marquess Earl Viscount Baron

 four gold
 eight gold
strawberry
strawberry
leaves
leaves  a row of  six large silver
 eight gold alternating
alternating sixteen small balls set on the
strawberry with four
with eight silver balls set rim at equal
leaves silver balls, a
silver balls, on the rim distances
little raised on
raised upon
points above
points
the rim

Presenter: Thanh Tân

 PART 2:
CORONETS

Peers with their coronets

Presenter: Thanh Tân
 Titles
SUMMARY
Coronets
 REFERENCES
 https://www.regencyhistory.net/2018/08/dukes-marquesses-and-other-titles.html?fbclid=IwAR0x
RASMNOxDj3iyojZhYgNe89Oensg7rfLPpeEIvR422KBrkEEIx1N4SmM
 https://www.edwardianpromenade.com/resources/titles-and-orders-of-precedence/?fbclid=IwAR
1qpMdYyeYqNc524OqIiO-JtBFBfmhVQV6GnpPlKitVvP5cRigvmH2Fhak
 http://victorian-era.org/royal-british-nobility.html#English_Nobility_Titles_Viscount_Viscountess
 https://www.rollins.edu/annie-russell-theatre/documents/upton/upton-abbey-research-nobility-r
ank-crown.pdf
 https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/The-British-Peerage/
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_7l1P19xrE
 https://baronyofnorthcadbury.com/History-Library/British-Titles-System
 https://www.edeandravenscroft.com/ceremonial-dress/peers-robes/
 https://www.debretts.com/expertise/essential-guide-to-the-peerage/ceremonial-robes/
 https://www.thesun.co.uk/fabulous/6361787/duke-earl-prince-baron-royal-titles/
PRIVILEGES & TYPES
Presenter: Khương Đình Khoa
 PRIVILEGES

• Trial by peers

• Freedom from arrest

• Access to the Sovereign

 PRIVILEGE OF PEERAGE

special privileges belonging to members of the British peerage

 parliamentary privilege: only for those in the House of Lords

and members of the House of Commons

Only three survived into the 20th century:

Trial by peers
Freedom from arrest in civil (but not criminal) cases
Access to the Sovereign
 TRIAL BY PEERS
peers and peeresses formerly had a right to trial by other peers.

formalized during the 14th century:

A statute passed in 1341 → did not cover peeresses
In 1442, peeresses were granted this right

Henry VII of England: 2 methods of trial by peers:

trial in the House of Lords (by the High Court of Parliament)
trial in the Court of the Lord High Steward.

From 1547: except treason or murder → "privilege of peerage"

abolished in 1948
The Trial of Queen Caroline 1820
 FREEDOM FROM ARREST

applies to members of both Houses of Parliament

→ be available to give advice to the Sovereign

even when Parliament is not sitting

civil cases only; criminal matters are not covered

Mostly imprisonment in debtors' prisons → In 1870: abolished

Since 1945: only two cases (1963 and 1989)

 ACCESS TO THE SOVEREIGN
After the Norman conquest of England, peers were summoned to form
the magnum concilium, or Great Council
composed only of peers
summoned by early English kings → disuse for centuries → revived in 1640 →
not summoned since then, and was considered obsolete

no longer exercised

In 1999, the Joint Committee on Parliamentary Privilege → formal

abolition
Magnum Concilium (Great The Accord of Winchester, with
Council) William I's signature
 TYPES OF PEERS

• Hereditary peers

• Representative peers

• Life peers
 Types Hereditary peers Representative Life peers
peers

Claims Inherited Elected by peers nominated

Creation writs of summons letters patent

letters patent

Validity surviving legitimate 1707-1963: 16 Held for life

descendants Scottish
forfeit by Acts of 1801-1922: 28 Irish
Parliament

House of Lost this right since no Irish since 1922 Introduced in

Lords House of Lords Act Life Peerages Act
1999 1958
Jo Johnson, Ian Botham, Philip May and Ken Clarke
 REFERENCES
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peerages_in_the_United_Kingdom
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privilege_of_peerage
 http://www.self.gutenberg.org/articles/eng/Privilege_of_peerage
 https://www.debretts.com/expertise/essential-guide-to-the-peerage/ranks-and-privil
eges-of-the-peerage/
 https://www.debretts.com/expertise/essential-guide-to-the-peerage/claims-to-peerag
e/
 https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2017/11/20/british-nobility-titles_a_23283068/
ROLES IN THE HOUSE OF LORDS
Presenter: Nguyễn Thị Mai Lô ̣c
I. UK PARLIAMENT
II.HOUSE OF LORDS
III.CHANGE OF ROLES
I. UK PARLIAMENT
I. UK PARLIAMENT

Palace of Westminster in
London
 II. HOUSE OF LORDS
1.THE WORK:

● making laws

● in-depth consideration of public policy

● holding the government to account

 II. HOUSE OF LORDS
2. MEMBERSHIP:

Life peers

Archbishops and bishops

MEMBERSHIP
(Lords Spiritual)

Elected Hereditary Members

(Lords Temporal)
 II. HOUSE OF LORDS
1.LIFE PEERS:
- from: different backgrounds and occupations
- appointed by:
+ The majority: the Queen/ the Prime Minister
+ The rest: the Leader of the Opposition/ other party leaders
- cannot be inherited
 II. HOUSE OF LORDS
1.LIFE PEERS:

- Male life peers: The Lord (Baron)

E.g. Lord Adonis
- Female life peers: The Baroness (Lady)
E.g: Baroness Bennett of Manor Castle
 II. HOUSE OF LORDS
2.ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS (Lord Spiritual):

- Bishops retires → membership ceases → the next most senior bishops

- 26 Lords

- Lord Archbishop of York,

Stephen Cottrell
 II. HOUSE OF LORDS
3.ELECTED HEREDITARY MEMBERS (Lord Temporal):
+ Dukes, Marquesses, Earls, Viscounts, Barons

+ can be inherited

+ the same power as Lords Spiritual and Life peers

+ The House of Lords Act 1999 : 814 hereditary peers/ 92 can sit and vote
 III. CHANGE OF ROLES
- 11th: The King and his barons

- 14th: Two-house system.

+ Lords Spiritual (Archbishops, bishops)

House of Lords
+ Lords Temporal (noblemen)

+ Representatives from towns and counties → House of Commons

 PAST PRESENT

JUDICIAL 19th - Law Lords - the first ‘life peers' 20th - Parliament → Supreme Court
FUNCTION
- the judicial functions
- sit and vote

BILLS - Non-financial bills: delay two years - Non-financial bills: delay one year
- Financial bills: delay one month - Financial bills: delay one month
- cannot reject

SIT AND - Lords Temporal - duke, marquess, - 814 hereditary peers

VOTE earl, viscount and baron - 92 can sit and vote
- All hereditary peers - sit and vote
 PREFERENCES
1. https://www.parliament.uk/globalassets/documents/lords-information-office/lords-b
riefing-papers/15595HoLBriefing-membership.pdf
2. https://www.thegazette.co.uk/all-
notices/content/103823#:~:text=A%20life%20peer%20is%20an
3. https://www.electoral-reform.org.uk/why-are-there-still-hereditary-peers-in-the-hous
e-of-lords/#:~:text=Hereditary%20peers%20are%20those%20whose,Lords%20at%2
0any%20one%20time
4. https://www.parliament.uk/business/lords/lords-history/history-of-the-lords/
 SUMMARY

● Nobles in the UK are ranked in 5 titles

● UK nobles enjoy some privileges but these are being restricted.
● Different types of nobles have different rights and roles.
● Nobles’ roles in the House of Lords are replaced by life peers.
TH A N K S FO R
LI ST E N I N G !