Learning Difficulties and

Teaching and Learning Strategies

-Grammar-

Group 2
Members:

1. Aimi binti Ismail G1816082

2. Wan Faizatul Akmar binti Ismayatim G1816926
3. Norsakinah Binti Ahmad G1818284
4. Jahiza Binti Jumain G1819684
5. Sofia Binti Sulaiman Nasir G1817588
6. Saira Banu binti Abdul Gulam Azad G1815732
 INTRODUCTION
• Grammar is a set of rules that administer the
arrangements and connections of words in a
sentence.
• Refers to sentence-level rules in which it plays a
major role in determining the meaning of the
information that ones would like to deliver.
• In other words, grammar is important in giving us the
structure of language that have meanings in order to
deliver messages successfully.
Language Learning Problems Identified:

Subject-Verb
Agreement

Tenses
Homophones
(Singular & plural)

Problem
s

Logical missteps- Articles

overgeneralization (a, an, the)

Pronouns
One Of The Problems Identified:

• Subject- Verb Agreement

(Present Tense)
• In English Language, the subject must agree with the
verb.
• If the subject is singular, a singular verb is required.
• On the other hand, a plural subject takes a plural verb.
• This rule applies greatly in Simple Present Tense.
• Therefore, any mistakes make by the students in agreement
are very noticeable.
• This is the general rule for Subject- Verb Agreement.
 Example of Student’s Mistakes

■ Siti cook in the kitchen.

■ The children is playing football.
■ Tourists are people who comes to visit from
another country.
■ Everybody are watching the football match.
 WHY IT HAPPENS?
1. Students are interfered by their L1, Bahasa Melayu.
• Bahasa Melayu does not have rules regarding subject-verb
agreement. All subjects either singular or plural require the
same form of verb.
• Examples:
Pia makan roti john

Singular subject verb Object

Pia dan Kina makan roti john

Plural subject verb Object

2. Students are confused with the ‘noun rules’
■ Students get confused with ‘s’
■ Examples:
There are five boys
Plural noun
Add ‘s’

VS
Five boys plays football
Plural noun Add ‘s’

■ They misinterpret between Noun and Verb rules by associating ‘s’ with
plural.
Solution
 Solution
Direct Indirect
Strategy Strategy

Memory Affective
strategy Strategy

Applying images Lowering your

and sounds anxiety
Singing a song
+
Simple
Substitution
Table
 Reinforcement Activity

■ Pictorial Activity
– students construct phrases/ sentences
– use table (Subject/ Verb/ Object)
Subject Verb Object

– Teachers may provide some verbs for the students

Techniques
1. Teaching
Grammar through
Memorizing and Repetation
 one of the strategy for helping the pupils commit
thr words to memory.
 Understand the rules of the grammar itself.
 Pupils need to say aloud several times.
Technique
2. Teaching grammar through music
 The activity applied using relevant song.
 Example: Subtitution table (SVA)
Ask the pupils to sing along with the
teacher(guided)/paired/group.
cont
 Another activity: Song
 Provide lyrics and ask the pupils to identify the
related grammar needs -SVA or tenses.
 Style: Inductive
Visual,Auditory and Kinesthetic
Techniques

 Teaching Grammar in a fun way

 Pictorial Activity
 Pictorial Stories
 Material: newspaper
 Focus : Related grammar topic (SVA,Tenses)
Challenges

1. Time constrain
2. Rules and Regulation (grammar)
3. Pupils are not paying attention
4. lack of ICT facilities in school.
Overcome the Problems/Discussion
1. Teacher should plan the lesson very well in order
to achieve the objective and complete the lesson
within the time frame.
2. choose the basic grammar (which is a MUST)
and explain in a easiest way together with suitable
activities.
3. Make the lesson interesting- Fun activities,
songs, poems, jazz chant.
Overcome the Problems/Discussion

 Technology plays vital role to attract the pupils

with interesting lesson
slides shows
videos, youtube
song (audio)
Cartoons
SONG