ENGLISH CLASS

GRAMMAR
 1. Conjunctions
2. Prefixes
SUMMARY 3. Suffixes
4. Quantifiers
5. Articles
 CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions are words that link other words, phrases, or clauses together.
1) Coordinating conjunctions: join individual words, phrases, or clauses.
Example: Robert and William are planning a trip so they are making a list of what to pack.

2) Subordinating conjunctions: are used between an independent and dependent clause 

Example: William isn't packing any shorts although the temperatures will be warm during their trip.

3) Correlative conjunctions: appear in pairs.

Example: Robert will pack either an umbrella or a raincoat in case of bad weather.
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES

A prefix is a group of letters that you can add to the beginning of a root word* to change the
meaning of the word.

A suffix is a word ending - a group of letters you can add to the end of a root word*

*A root word stands on its own as a word but you can make new words from it by adding
beginnings (prefixes) and endings (suffixes).
Adding prefixes or suffixes to
words can change or add to
their meaning.

Examples:
PREFIXES
Prefix Meaning

un- means not or the opposite of the rest of the word: eg uneaten means not eaten

dis- also means not: eg disagreed means not agreed

re- means again: eg redone means done again

pre- means before e.g. predate means to come before

SUFFIXES
Prefix Meaning
-s, -es means more than one (plural): eg one book but many books.
-ing or -ed shows when something happened - in the present (ing) or past (ed) tense: eg I am working
there now or I worked there last week
-er, -est means more or the most of something: eg that drink was colder (more cold) or that was the
coldest drink (the most cold)
-ful or –less shows there is a lot of something (hopeful - a lot of hope) or none of something (hopeless -
no hope)
 Suffixes can also show how a
word will be used in a sentence
and what part of speech the word
belongs to (eg noun, verb, etc).
 IT’S TIME TO PLAY!
SCORE OBJECTIVE: 100 POINTS
QUANTIFIERS

Words that give us information about the number or amount of something.

Sometimes we use a quantifier to give a general idea about the quantity.

Examples:
Most children start school at the age of five.
We ate some bread and butter.
We saw lots of birds.
QUANTIFIERS WITH COUNT AND UNCOUNT NOUNS

We can use these quantifiers with both count and uncount nouns:

all some more a lot of enough

no any most lots of less

We have lots of time.

Joe has lots of friends.
QUANTIFIERS WITH COUNT NOUNS

Some quantifiers can be used only with count nouns:

(not) many each either

several both neither

a couple of hundreds of thousands of

I’ll be back in a couple of minutes.

There were hundreds of people at the meeting.
BOTH, EITHER AND NEITHER
If we are talking about two people or things, we use the quantifiers both, either and neither:

One supermarket Two supermarkets

The supermarket Both the supermarkets

was closed. were closed.

The supermarket Neither of the supermarkets

wasn’t open. was open.

I don’t think either of the

I don’t think the supermarket
supermarkets
was open.
was open.
EVERY AND EACH
We use the quantifiers every and each with singular nouns to mean all:
◦ There was a party in every street. (= There were parties in all the streets.)
◦ Every shop was decorated with flowers. (= All the shops were decorated with flowers.)
◦ Each child was given a prize. (= All the children were given a prize.)
◦ There was a prize in each competition. (= There were prizes in all the competitions.)

We often use every to talk about times like days, weeks and years:
◦ When we were children, we had holidays at our grandmother's every year.
◦ When we stayed at my grandmother's house, we went to the beach every day.
◦ We visit our daughter every Christmas.
ARTICLES
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ANY QUESTION?