81.

5
2352.5
116.7
29.0
50.3 40.9 7.5 5.7 3.0

Data Source - FAO Statistics, June 2009

2
World Production of Jute, Kenaf and Allied Fibres
(In '000 Tonnes)

  2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/2007 2007/2008

World 2852.33 2405.95 2724.13 3021.10 2997.32

Bangladesh 963.00 810.00 965.00 990.00 990.00
China 99.78 86.92 82.82 86.80 86.80
India 1620.00 1350.00 1530.00 1800.00 1782.00
Indonesia 7.00 7.00 7.00 3.10 4.00
Myanmar 42.00 33.63 36.89 43.60 19.10
Nepal 17.04 16.89 17.66 17.10 16.80
Thailand 41.33 35.66 4.60 3.60 2.20
Vietnam 12.50 14.20 15.00 10.60 31.00
Others 49.18 51.65 65.16 66.30 65.42

Source: FAO Statistics on Jute, Kenaf and Allied Fibres, June 2009
Introduction

Common Name: Jute

Botanical Name: Corchorus Capsularis & C.
Olitorius
Family : Sparrmanniaceae
In ancient times Jute was grown in Africa & Asia
to provide a cordage and weaving fibre from
stem and food from leaves.
Jute-Natural Fibre

 Season: Rainy
 Soil: Sandy loam and clay loam
 Fertilizer: Compost or FYM, Phosphorus, Potash
and Nitrogen used as Fertilizer.
 Jute is a natural fibre with golden and silky shine
and hence called the Golden Fibre.
 It is the cheapest fibre procured from bast or the
skin of plant's stem and the second most
important fibre after cotton in terms of usage,
global consumption, production and availability.
Main Strengths of Jute

- High strength and modulus

- Low extensibility
- Moisture absorbing ability
- High abrasion resistance
- Good thermal stability
- Insulation against sound
- Anti-static property
- Surface morphology
Uses

 The versatility of Jute - combined with a low

cost base - makes it ideally suited to a variety
of uses, ranging from;
 Packaging - bags, sacks, wrapping material ie
cotton packs and wool packs.
 It is used to making twine, rope and matting.
 Geotextiles - landfill covering, embankment
reinforcement.
 Protection of rooting plants.
 Hessian cloths of various types.
 Braids and webbing.
 Fine and coarse yarns.
 Cable filler.
 Industrial and domestic twine.
 Specialist pulp and paper.
 Recently being used as a filler with Abaca and
Sisal.
Jute Plant
 Jute is a rain-fed crop that
doesn't need much in the way of
fertilizer or pesticides.
 Production is concentrated
around the Ganges delta region
of India and Bangladesh where
the warm, wet climate during the
monsoon season provides ideal
growing conditions.
 It takes between four and six
months for the plants reach a
height of around 12 feet (3.5m)
when they are harvested.
 The harvested stems are then
tied together and soaked in water
to soften before being stripped of
their fibers. 
 Jute Sector
Jute cultivation - 1.6 m ha
Farmers - 12 m
Industry workers - 0.5 m

About 100 million people in the world are

dependent on jute for their livelihood with a
good number of women workers involved in
various stages of production.
Jute Cultivation
 Jute requires a warm and humid climate with temperature
between 24° C to 37° C.  Constant rain or water-logging is
harmful.  The new gray alluvial soil of good depth, receiving
salt from annual floods, is best for jute.  Flow ever jute is
grown widely in sandy loams and clay loams.
 Jute crop can be harvested from 100 to 110 DAS but can be
extended from 120 - 135 DAS depending on local cropping
systems. Jute plants are left in the field for 3 - 4 days for leaf
shedding. Then thick and thin plants are sorted out and
bundled in convenient size.
 Green plant weight yield is 45 to 50 tonnes per hectare.
Fibre yield is 2.0 to 2.5 tonnes per hectare.
Fibre Extracting
Retting
 Retting is a process in
which the tied bundles
of jute stalks are taken
to the tank by which
fibres get loosened and
separated from the
woody stalk. the
bundles are steeped in
water at least 60cm to
100cm depth. the
retting process is
completed in 8 to 30
days, when the barks
separate out easliy
from the stick or wood
and the fibres are
ready for the
extraction
Stripping

 Stripping is the process of

removing the fibres from
the stalk after the
completion of retting.
Fibres are removed from
the stalk by anyone of the
following methods:
 Single plants are taken and
their fibres are taken off.
 Taken off a handful of
stalks, breaking it in a to
and fro motion in water.
 Washing the stalks first by
standing in deep water and
then stripping afterwards.
Washing & Drying

 Extracting fibres are

washed in clean water.
The dark colour of
fibres can be removed
by dipping them in
tamarind water for 15
to 20 minutes and
again washed in clean
water.
 After squeezing excess
water the fibres are
hang on bamboo
railing for sun drying
for 2-3 days.
Fiber Extraction

 When there is a plenty of water, bundles of

stalks are laid in the pond ditches or slow
moving streams and left for 5-15 days under
water. the bunch of stem is held in one hand
and the root end tapped lightly with a mallet.
After loosening the rest of fibres are
extracted and washed.
Products
Chemical Products /Cellulose derivatives like
MCC (microcrystalline cellulose), CMC
(carboxymethyl cellulose), Cellulose Acetate,
Cellulose Nitrate, Oxalic acid etc.
Jute Blankets
Stuffing material
Absorbent Cotton
Activated Charcoal
Corchorus is a genus of about 40–100 
species of flowering plants in the family 
Malvaceae, native to tropical and
subtropical regions throughout the world

mallow-leaves for the leaves used as

a vegetable
 Future Prospects
• Jute has the ability to be blended with other fibers,
both
synthetic and natural,
• Accepts cellulosic dye classes such
as natural, basic, vat, sulfur, reactive, and pigment
dyes.
• The demand for natural comfort fibers increases,
• The demand for jute and other natural fibers that can
be blended with cotton will increase.
• To meet this demand, some manufactures in the
natural fiber industry plan to modernize processing.