Reading

as a Cognitive Process

Lecture by: Jahnese Domingo- Asuncion

 Reading is a cognitive process
Cognitive – relating to, or involving
conscious mental activities
Examples: thinking
understanding
learning

https://www.google.com/search?biw=1117&bih=1097&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=hoNNW7afDpn7
https://www.google.com/search?biw
http://azessaylnke.highschooldeclassified.com/cognitive-learning-articles.html
 Reading is a cognitive process
Bottom-Up = remember the
combinations of sounds to form a words
Top-Down
= Reading begins with the readers’
mind set to hypothesize and predict
from paragraphs, stories, and poems to
be read based on past experiences.
(Villamin et.al., 2011)https://www.google.com/search?biw=1117&bih=1097&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=hoNNW7afDpn7
Psycholinguistic model
--- is contrary to this view of reading as a sequence of skills
which one could teach
--- reading is in actuality a process of predicting meaning
based on the reader's knowledge of oral language syntax, semantics,
and phonological cues (linguistic).

In other words, based on the reader's store of information about

how language works from his knowledge of oral language, a reader
already knows something about how words are ordered and what
kinds of meaning words possess in certain contexts.
Reading is a cognitive process.
* Understanding or Comprehension
1. Literal
2. Interpretative
3. Applied
4. Evaluative

* with increasing depth

Phpto credit: http://jeteraps.scholarlinkresearch.com/articles/How%20Writing%20Academic%20English
%20Follows%20Bruner%20Spiral%20Model%20in%20Curriculum%20Planning.pdf
Reading is a cognitive process.

* Meta-Cognitive
- Self-awareness
- Careful reading and greater retention
- Making assumptions or hypothesis
- Reflecting
Reading is a cognitive process.

Metacognition, or thinking about one's

thinking, is the foundation for
other reading comprehension strategies.
• Proficient readers continually monitor their
own thoughts, controlling their experience with
the text and enhancing their understanding.
Metacognitive Theory in Reading
MC Schmitt (1993)
 SQ3R
Survey
Question
Read
Recite
Review
Photocredits: https://www.gemmlearning.com/can-help/reading/info/metacognition/
 List of References
Adams, M. J. and A. Collins, "A Schema-Theoretic View of Reading," Technical Report No. 32, Center for the
Study of Reading, University of Illinois, April, 1977.

Anderson, R.C., "The Notion of Schemata and the Educational Enterprise; General Discussion of the
Conference," Schooling and the Acquisition of Knowledge, R. Anderson, R. Spiro, and W. Montague (eds.),
Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.,Hillsdale,NJ,1977.

Ausubel, D., Educational Psychology: A Cognitive View, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1968.

Goodman, K., "Behind the Eye: What Happens in Reading," In H.Singer and R. Ruddell ( eds. ), Theoretical
Models and Processes in Reading, IRA, Newark, DE, 1976, pp. 470-496.

Harmer, J. (2003). How to Teach English. An introduction to the Practice of English Language Teaching.
England: Addison Wesley Longman Limited.

Villanueva, A.S. and Delos Santos R.L. (2008). Developmental Reading 1. Manila: Lorimar Publishing Inc.
 List of References
Pearson, P. D. and D. Johnson, Teaching Reading Comprehensi n, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1978.

Piaget, J.,The Language and Thought of the Child, Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich, New York, 1926.

Ruddell, R., "Psycholinguistic Implications for a Systems of Communications Model," in H. Singer and R.
Ruddell ( eds.) Theoretical Models and Processes in Reading, International Reading Association, Newark, DE,
1976, pp. 452-269.

Rurrmelhart, D.E., Introduction to Human InfoIil'Btion Processing, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1977.

Villanueva, A.S. and Delos Santos R.L. (2008). Developmental Reading 1. Manila: Lorimar Publishing Inc.