A Seminar on

IP-TV
[Internet Protocol-Television]
For Academic Session
2007-2008

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Prof. R. L. DUA § Hemant Sharma
(HOD) § B.E. Final Year
Deptt. Of Elec. & Comm. Engg. § Elec. & Comm.
YIT, Jaipur Engg.

YAGYAVALKYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

YIT Lane, Opp.Chokhi Dhani, RIICO Indust. Area,
Sitapura, Jaipur-302022
 ABOUT TV !
Television (TV): specifies the medium of communication that
operates through the transmission of information to the users as
pictures and sounds for their interpretation &
entertainment.

MODES OF TV TRANSMISSION

Historic view-TV transmission from towers,

distribution over a cable n/w or beamed directly
from Satellite (VSAT).
Modern view-TV, Telephone services & high

speed internet access will be delivered over

present broadband DSL Network on a single
connection.
 Types Of
Transmission
MULTICASTING- A multicast stream is sent to a multicast group internet
address. When a user selects a live channel, a request to join the group
of viewers associated with the relevant multicast address is sent from the
set top box to the equipment in the local telephone exchange.

UNICASTING- A video-on-demand service is unique to each viewer &

delivered as a unicast stream. It is sent to a single internet address in
response to a request from the receiver.
 Evolution [of the TV]
IPTV ≠ Evolution –> IPTV = Redefinition of “Broadcast”

IPTV

Digital, HDTV
16:9 aspect ratio
NTSC Color
Standard

Electronic TV
4:3 aspect ratio

Mechanical Televisor
7:3 aspect ratio

t
1884-1928 1935 1953 2000 2006
The Origin of IP-TV
CONVERGENCE

IP-TV

CABLE TELCO ISP

(VIDEO) (VOICE) (DATA)
MEDIA TELECOM IT
 Definition of IP-TV
IPTV essentially has two components:
 Part 1: Internet Protocol (IP): specifies the format of
packets and the addressing scheme. The protocol
establishes a virtual connection between a destination
and a source. IP allows you to address a package of
information and drop it in the system, but there’s no
direct link between you and the recipient.
 Part 2: Television (TV): specifies the medium of
communication that operates through the transmission
of pictures and sounds. We all know TV, but here we
are referring to the services that are offered for the TV,
like linear and on-demand programming.
Technologies involved in IP-TV :
1. Broadband – The key element

As per TRAI:
“An always-on data connection that is able to support
interactive services, and has the capability of
minimum download speed of 256 kbps”

Note: This definition for throughput may undergo up

gradation in the future.

2. xDSL

• xDSL Family Tree

• Symmetric DSL
• Provide identical data rates upstream &
downstream
• Asymmetric DSL
• Provide relatively lower rates upstream but
higher rates downstream
• Four main variations of xDSL exist:
• ADSL-Asymmetrical Digital Sub’s Line
• HDSL-High bit/data rate Digital Sub’s Line
• SDSL-- Symmetric Digital Sub’s Line
• VDSL-Very-high-data-rate Digital Sub’s
Line
 Some DSL Standards
Type Max speed Max speed
Downstream Upstream
(Mbps) (Mbps)

ADSL 8 1.0
ADSL2 12 3.5
ADSL2+ 24 3.5
VDSL 52 12
VDSL2 100 100
 ADSL Modulation

Voice Upstream Downstream

No of Bits

16 64

6 37 38 255
15

0 4 25 138 139 1104

69 kHz 276 kHz
Frequency (KHz)
Upstream Downstream
Tone Tone
ADSL2+ Potential
Data Rate, Mbps
(downstream) ADSL2+ Feature
24 Approved by ITU-T in July 2002
Operate within 2.2Mhz spectrum
Enhancements to traditional ADSL Minimized disturbance to/from ADSL

Boost Maximum performance (Down/Up)

12Mbps/1Mbps or 8Mbps/3Mbps
ADSL2+
12 Improved DSL Access to both Residential
and Business users

ADSL2
8 Provides ADSL service over
longer loop lengths

ADSL ADSL2(annex L)

1 Km 2 Km 3 Km 4 Km 5 Km 6 Km
Loop Length, Km
ADSL2+ Potential
Basic Architecture of ADSL
 Extension of ADSL to IP-TV

Line RJ 11 Line Splitter RJ 11

Splitter ADSL ADSL
RJ 11 RJ 11 RJ 11 RJ 11
MODEM MODEM
RJ 11 RJ 11 RJ 45 RJ 45
RJ 45

Single User with Single User with

Voice and Data Voice, Data and Video RJ 45
STB
Line AV Port
RJ 11
Splitter ADSL
RJ 11 RJ 11 MODEM
RJ 45

Switch

Multi user Business

Customer
 Triple Play

Video

ADSL Modem
IPTV Set Top Box (STB)

Landline
ADSL
Internet
Splitter

Voice service
 Circuit Diagram of Splitter

DSL
highpass LINE
filter

 Splitter
 Separates the 300 Hz to 3500 Hz voice lowpass
channel from upstream and filter
downstream channels
 Reduces traffic congestion
 Pass voice, dial tone, ringing and on/off
TELE
hook signals
 Consists of a lowpass filter (LPF) for
POTS and a highpass filter (HPF) for
upstream/downstream channels
 Passive device
IP-TV NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
COMPRESSION TECHNOLOGY

• H.264 is mainly used

• It has 50% more compression
efficiency as compared to
MPEG-2
• Picture quality is retained at
low bit rates
• It enables the broadcast of HD
over IPTV
Comparison between H.264 & MPEG2

H.264 MPEG2
Variety of entropy Fixed entropy technique
schemes used used
Smaller block size varies Fixed block size (16*16)
(4*4,16*16)
Have in-block deblocking No such feature

Computationally Computationally less

demanding demanding
Supports HDTV Supports SDTV
Transmission Transmission
Resolution of 2000,000 Resolution of 210,000
pixels pixels
Broadcast in 16:9 format Broadcast in 14:3 format
 SECURITY ISSUES

• DIGITAL RIGHTS
MANAGEMENT(DRM)

• WATERMARKING
 Content Services in Triple Play
Broadcast type
 IPTV
On Demand type
 Pay TV
 Interactive VOD
 Hi-Fi Radio
 Scheduled Play-out( n-VOD)
 Electronic Programme Guide
(EPG)
 Scheduled Capture ( n-PVR)
 Multicast Streaming
 Client side Personal Video Recording
 Live Streaming for VOD
 Pay per View(PPV)
 Progressive  Games on Demand
Downloads(Video ,  Time Shifted TV
gaming,music downloads)  Others ( Music Download,Music of
Demand,Karaoke on Demand,TV
based internet access, caller ID pop
Interactive type up)
 Interactive TV
Internet and Voice types
 Video Conferencing
 VoIP
 Interactive Online Network
 Browsing on TV
Gaming
 E-mail/SMS/MMS from TV
 Interactive E-Learning
 Caller ID Popup
 Interactive E-Shopping
 Tele-Medicine
User Experience

Recommendations, Rating,
Time Boxing A Guide That
Actually Guides You!
 Advantages of IPTV
Traditional TV Distribution IPTV
Proprietary STB lease Cheaper STB
 Proprietary systems  Scale efficiencies and merchant components
 Tied to single STB vendor technology roadmap will ensure cheaper devices and better
availability
 Thin client will be embedded in various
devices (such as XBox)

Broadcast architecture 1:1 communication will enable

 No 1:1 potential without monumental upgrade  Targeted custom TV services and commerce
cost  Collection of usage data
 Video delivery separate from data  Simplified integration of IP content and
 Difficult to integrate with Web/PC content and services (ITV - weather, games, photos,
services music etc. on TV)
 Would need to shift analog subs to digital to free
up bandwidth for IP video (hence free digital
STBs offers to move subs off of analog spectrum)
 Shifting to IP Video requires new IP-STB

Little or no interoperability TV integrated with broadband

home devices
 The IP STB is the TV’s gateway to digital
music, home videos and photos

IPTV Reinvents Entertainment in the Home

 WHY IP-TV ?
Analogue Era Digital Era
Film, Tape Data streams, Files
Signals Packets
Scheduled On-Demand
Push Pull
Channels Programs, Clips
Closed Networks Open Networks
The Forces are Right

Global These
Bandwidth demand Deployment
Requirements Costs developments
speeds create video
New innovation and
compression and drives New consumer
down the distribution data growth
technologies cost curve architectures opportunities
reduce allow delivery
bandwidth of higher
required Global bandwidth Growth
Development at a lower Potential
cost
Thank You !