WATER TREATMENT PLANT

WITH RO & MIXED-BED

BY
RAHUL KHEDKAR
 STEPS IN PRETREATMENT OF WTP

• CHLORINE DOSING
• MULTIMEDIA FILTERATION (MMF)
• ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER (ACF)
• SOFTENER
 CHLORINE DOSING

• Chlorine is one of the most commonly used disinfectants for

water disinfection.
• Chlorine can be applied for the deactivation of most micro-
organisms and it is relatively cheap.
• Almost 90% of micro-organisms are killed in this process.
 MULTIMEDIA FILTRATION
• Multi-media water filters typically
utilize three layers of media for
multimedia filtration: Pebbles, silex,
sand. These media are often chosen for
use in multi media filters due to the
distinct differences in their densities.
• 80% volume of vessel is filled with
three layers of media
• There are 3 cycles Service, Backwash
and Rinse.
• This provides filtration up to 20
microns.
 ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER

• Activated carbon filters are

generally Used for extracting free
chlorine from water, thereby
making the water suitable for
discharge.
• It also removes odour and colour to
some extent.
• There are 3 cycles Service,
Backwash and Rinse.
SOFTENER
• In softener calcium, magnesium
and certain other salts are
removed.
• Water softening is usually
achieved using ion-exchange
resins.
• There are 4 cycles, Service cycle,
backwash cycle, rinse and
Regeneration cycle.
• In this process Ca++ and Mg++
ions are replaced by Na+ and K+
ions which reduces the hardness
levels.
• Then regeneration process is used
for recharging of the softeners.
 STEPS IN POST TREATMENT OF WTP

• Antiscalant dosing.
• Micron filter.
• Reverse osmosis.
• PH dosing.
• Mixed-bed deionizer.
• UV filtration.
 ANTISCALANT DOSING

• Antiscalant dosing is done before RO Treatment, to avoid scale

formation during RO process.
• Contaminants causing scale formation are
1) Calcium carbonate.
2) Calcium sulphate.
3) Barium sulphate.
4) Strontium sulphate.
5) Calcium fluoride.
6) other organic and inorganic contaminants.
 MICRON FILTER

• Micron filter range in filtration from 0.1 to 10 microns.

• These filters come in two types :
a) Bag Filters b) Cartridge Filter
 REVERSE OSMOSIS
• Reverse osmosis is process that uses semi-permeable spiral wound
membranes to separate and remove dissolved solids.
• Feed water is delivered under pressure through the semi permeable
membrane, Where water permeates the minute pores of the
membrane and delivered as purified water.
RO Membrane
 MIXED-BED DEIONIZER

• In mixed-bed deionizers the cation-exchange and anion-exchange

resins are intimately mixed and contained in a single pressure vessel.
• The thorough mixture of cation-exchangers and anion-exchangers in
a single column makes a mixed-bed deionizer equivalent to a
lengthy series of two-bed plants. As a result, the water quality
obtained from a mixed-bed deionizer is appreciably higher than that
produced by a two-bed plant. 
• Although more efficient in purifying the incoming feedwater,
mixed-bed plants are more sensitive to impurities in the water
supply and involve a more complicated regeneration process.
MIXED-BED DEIONIZER
 Ultraviolet Filtration

• UV-C rays (photons) penetrate microorganisms and DNA is altered

in such a way that the pathogen cannot reproduce and is essentially
killed and cannot cause infection. This process of DNA modification
is called inactivation.
• UV-C rays will destroy a minimum of 99.99% of harmful
microorganisms.
THANK YOU