LINEAR MAPPING

A mapping is simply a function that takes a vector in and outputs

another vector. A linear mapping is a special kind of function that
is very useful since it is simple and yet powerful.

Definition:

A mapping of the form w=αz + β where α and β are real or

complex constants , is called a linear function or a linear mapping
of a linear transformation.
Linear transformation is a combination of
• Translational : w=z + α
• Rotational : w=eiα
• Magnification: w=αz

Let w=αz + β ,where α and β are complex numbers.

Here z + β is given , hence translational.
Now , since α → complex number ,
then α = reiα

So , w=αz + β
=reiƟz + β ( where r→real number)
Here rz is given , hence Magnification.
And eiƟ is given , hence Rotational.
Applications:
• A specific application of linear maps is for geometric transformations, such as
those performed in computer graphics, where the translation, rotation and
scaling of 2D or 3D objects is performed by the use of a transformation matrix.
Eg.Image Compression

Simplified schematic of an image coder. The image is divided into blocks, and each
block is transformed using a linear mapping. After the transformation the blocks
contain many values close to zero (gray in the image) and thus become easy to
compress.
• Linear mappings also are used as a mechanism for describing change:
for example in calculus correspond to derivatives; or in relativity, used
as a device to keep track of the local transformations of reference
frames.

• Another application of these transformations is in compiler

optimizations of nested-loop code, and in parallelizing compiler
techniques.
Example:
Consider the linear transformation w=(1 + i)z + (2-i) and determine the
region in the w-plane into which the rectangular region bounded by the
lines x=0 , y=0 , x=1 and y=2 in the z-plane is mapped.

Answer: We know , w=u + iv & z=x + iy

Now , w=(1 + i)z + (2-i)
=˃ u + iv = (1 + i)(u + iy) + (2-i)
=˃ u + iv = x + iy + ix – y + 2 – i
=˃ u + iv = (x - y + 2) + i(x + y – 1)
Compare, u = x –y + 2 . . . . . . . . . . .(1)
v = x = y – 1 . . . . . . . . . .(2)

(1)+(2) =˃ u + v = 2x + 1 . . . . . . . . (3)
(1)-(2) =˃ u – v = -2y + 3 . . . . . . . (4)

a) x=0 → u + v = 1
b) y=0 → u – v = 3 Answer:
c) x=1 → u + v = 3
d) y=2 → u –v = -1