Name : Hussain Ali [khan AzaaD]

Reg# 2018-KIU-095
Subject : stylistics
Dated: 23 August 2021
Presentation Topic:

Literary Concept For Stylistics

analysis of Poetry
𝚂𝚒𝚖𝚒𝚕𝚒
A simile is a type of figurative
language that describes something by
comparing it to something else with the words
like or as.

Up above the world so high

Like a diamond in the sky
Metaphor;
A metaphor is a comparison between two things that
states one thing is another in order to help explain an
idea or show hidden similarities.
“She’s all states, and all princes,
Nothing else is.
princes do but play us, compared to this,
All honor’s mimic, all wealth alchemy,”

In his poem, “the sun rising” John Donne claims that

his lover is like every country in the world, and her every
ruler- nothing exist outside of them. Their love is so
strong that they are the world, and all else is fake.
 Personification;
The attribution of human characteristics to something
non-human or Personification is a poetic device where
animals, plants or even inanimate objects, are given
human qualitiesg
It’s spring
And the garden is changing its clot𝚑,
putting away
its dark winter suits,
its dull scarves
And drab brown overcoats.
Symbol:
An object which stand for something
else. e.g a Dove symbolize peace. In a
poem/story it is a word which, while signifying
something specific, also signifies something
beyond itself.
• Difference between image and symbol:
what an image is associated with is stated
in the poem, but with a symbol we have to
infer the meaning and association.
e.g A poet who compares his or her lover to a rose is using a
figurative image associating the lover with something from a
different realm of experience.
• Symbol are only used when a writer wants to apprehension
of something which is not directly observable in everyday
world. A poet can start with an object in the real world and
make it symbolic by loading it with meaning which is not
explicitly stated: e.g Keats’s nightingale in “ Ode To A
Nightingale” becomes the symbol of eternity. It is something
that he sees but invests it with tantalizing significance.
• The danger with symbolism is the poem can lose with
ordinary world
Example : William Blake

O Rose, thou art sick! Symbol of sick rose indirectly

suggests:
•The invisible worm something evil destroying
That flies in the night, something beautiful.
In the howling storm, corrupt passion destroying
beauty and innocence.
Has found out thy bed
Of crimson joy
And his dark secret love
Does thy life destroy
2. Rhythm

• Rhythm means the flow and movement of a

line. Whether it goes fast or slow, is calm or
troubled.
• Rhythm and meaning cannot be seprated.
Thus: I faltering forward
Leaves around me falling
Wind oozing thin through the thorn for onward
And the woman calling
Cold images of falling leaves, north wind suggest
mood of despair
3. Rhyme
Identify of sound between two words. Rhyme
is usually employed to the end of word. But poets
can make use of internal rhyme. Rhyme suggest
harmony and order:
The poet finds connection between words, if only at
the level of sound, but the connection made suggests
broader idea of finding an order in things.
• Solitary Reaper Wordsworth
Behold her, single in the field,
Yon solitary highland lass!
Reaping and singing by herself;
Stop here, or gently pass!
Alone she cuts and binds the grains,
And signs a melancholy strain;
O listen! For the profound
Is overflowing with the sound.
𝙴𝚡𝚙𝚕𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗:
Look at her, alone in the field,
that Scottish Girl by herself over there. She is
cutting the grain and singing to herself. Stop and
listen to her or walk on quietly. She cuts and
gathers the grain and sings a sad song. Listen:
the deep valley is overflowing with her music
Speaker/persona and audience Audience
• Speaker/persona
• Implied listener
• Poet himself
• the readers
• A character in the poem
That’s my last Duchess painted
When I consider how my
on the wall, looking as if she light is spent
were alive. I call Ere half my days in this
That piece a wander, now: fra dark world and wide,
pandolf’s hands lodg’d with me useless,
Worked busily a day, and there though my soul more
she stands. Robert browning bent
My last Duchess
( On his bidness milton
• Situation/ setting
• The setting of a literary work may also be a fictional
location or world, a future time and place, or it may
be unknownHe is all pine and I am apple orchard.
My apple trees will never get across
And eat the cones under his pines, I tell
him.Place/location in poem
• The Real World Setting : concrete setting : e.g
country-side, room:
• Imaginary setting : abstract setting : e.g a
momment. Parting between lovers.
• Mood & Tone
• the feeling the poem conveys
• revealed through words, images
• Happy, sad, exasperated, dejected, regretful etc.
• Tone may be sarcastic, ironic, humorous, serious,
melancholic etc.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
two roads diverged in a wood, and I –
I took the one less traveled by,
The Road Not Taken Robert Frost
“I shall be telling this with a sigh, Somewhere
ages and ages hence” means someday, down
the road, when I'm old and telling stories about
my past, I'll sigh and say that I took the road less
traveled by and that's what “made all the
difference” in how my life turned out. 𝙽𝚘𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚕𝚐𝚒𝚌
𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚖𝚘𝚘𝚍 𝚒𝚜 𝚑𝚎𝚛𝚎 𝚒𝚗 𝚝𝚑𝚒𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚎𝚖.
Imagery
Imagery is a vivid and vibrant form of description
that appeals to readers’ and imagination.

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

This is very good example of imagery. We can see the
vales and hill and hills’ through which the speaker
wanders, and the daffodils cover the whole landscape .
the uses the sense of sight to create a host of golden
daffodils beside the lake.
“SaMaa’at ka
Buht
Shukeryah”