Large oceanic movements occurring over hundreds of millions of years from the mid-

Silurian to the Pleistocene as a result of the subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate beneath
the continental Amurian Plate and Okinawa Plate to the south, and subduction of the Pacific
Plate under the Okhotsk Plate to the north. Japan was originally attached to the eastern
coast of the Eurasian continent. The subducting plates pulled Japan eastward, opening the
Sea of Japan around 15 million years ago. Japan has 108 active volcanoes. Destructive
earthquakes, often resulting in tsunamis, occur several times each century.
 Advanced Seismometers are used in Japan to
predict earthquakes before large-scale
destruction takes place.

Houses in Japan are made in bridge

design,
to withstand earthquakes.
Estimated Population Exposed to Earthquake Shaking
Communication & Transmission of Tsunami Warning to Localities & Civil Defense Authorities
Present at Japan..
TSUNAMI
ＷＡＲＮＩＮ
Ｇ
Tsunami

Local Signboard
government
Central Government
TSUNAMI
ＷＡＲＮＩＮＧ

Radio
ＴＶ /Radio Station
TSUNAMI
ＷＡＲＮＩＮＧ

TV （ Telops, Warning maps ）

13
 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS blast as the Generators are damaged due to
the Earthquake
ONAGAWA [BWR]
• 1: 498 MWe (‘84), 2: 796 MWe (‘95), 3: 796 MWe (‘02).

FUKUSHIMA (1) DAIICHI [BWR]

• 1: 439 MWe (‘71)
• 2-5: 760 MWe (‘74, ‘76, ‘78, ‘78)
• 6: 1067 MWe (’79)

FUKUSHIMA (2) DAINI [BWR]

• 1-4: 1067 MWe (’82, ‘84, ‘85, ‘87)

FUKUSHIMA REACTOR STATUS
REACTOR 1 REACTOR 2 REACTOR 3 REACTOR 4 REACTOR 5 REACTOR 6

Partial core Potential Blast, debris, Fire; water Water levels Heat rising in
meltdown meltdown radiation leak levels dropping spent fuel
feared dropping pool
NOTE:
NOTE: Radiation
Radiation levels
levels rise
rise considerably
considerably and
and are
are at
at levels
levels high
high enough
enough to
to impact
impact human
human health
health at
at the
the
Fukushima power plant.
 HEALTH THREAT FROM A NUCLEAR ACCIDENT
Contaminated
Contaminated Soil
Soil

Contaminated
Contaminated Air
Air
Exposure
Exposure
Contaminated
Contaminated Burns
Water Burns to
to eyes/skin
eyes/skin
Water Molds/Allergens
Molds/Allergens
Radiation
Radiation Inhalation
Environmental Inhalation
Contamination
Contamination GI Tract
Tract
Radiation GI
Radiation ARS
ARS
Exposure
Exposure Thyroid
Thyroid
Contaminated Cancer
Contaminated Food
Food Cancer

Secondary
Secondary Fires
Fires
Loss of Delays/ Inability to Evacuate
Communications Access to care prohibited
Loss of Essential Trauma/Wounds
Services Burns
Nuclear Radiation
Accident Infrastructure Loss of Utilities Blast
Maternal & Neonatal
Fires and Explosions Chronic Disease
Loss of Transportation Burns/Smoke Inhalation
Networks Exposure

Loss of Assets
Meningitis
Displacement
Measles
Socio-Economic Malnutrition
Loss of Shelter
Dehydration
Loss of Employment Diarrhoea

Loss of Access
To Food/Water
 Reactions of the GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN
The National Emergency Management Committee, led by the Prime Minister, has been established to oversee
and coordinate all response activities. All relevant ministries and agencies have been involved in the
response.
 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
 National Police Agency
 The Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT) company
 The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
 Ministry of Forests and Waters and Ministry of Finance
 Police and Fire Department
 Transportation
 Coast Guard
 Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare (MHLW)

Dead Injured Missing Rescued Food meals

distributed to the
affected
5178 2285 7844-8193 25460 550000
Persons Persons Persons Persons persons
NOTES:
NOTES:
••Snow
Snow and
and freezing
freezing temperatures
temperatures hit
hit the
the most
most severely
severely affected
affected areas;
areas; food,
food, water
water and
and fuel
fuel shortages
shortages are
are the
the main
main concerns
concerns
••Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant crisis is still not under control with a fourth explosion.
Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant crisis is still not under control with a fourth explosion.
••Construction
Construction of
of temporary
temporary shelters
shelters is
is a
a priority
priority in
in the
the wake
wake of
of mass
mass evacuations.
evacuations.
 Shreshtha Sengupta
Debonita Ghosh
Subhas Das
Sanmoy Maity
Rounak Pramanik