Quiz Bee

July 31, 2021

Power output of human labor

150W (0.2hp)
Human power contribution in the
Philippines

0.126 hp/ha
Animal power output

0.7-1.63 hp
Energy generated from natural
process that are continuously
replenished.

Renewable Energy
Earth’s energy reserves is equal to
about ______ days of sunshine

20 days
Average solar constant

1370 W/m2
Term used when earth is farthest
from the sun

Aphelion – July 4
Term used when earth is nearest
from the sun

Perihelion – January 3
Time where daytime and night
time are equal

Equinox
Oldest source of energy

Solar Energy
Solar Energy Application where it
is used to pump water for
livestock and crops

Solar Irrigation
Converts sunlight to chemical
energy

Photosynthesis
Converts sunlight to electricity

Photovoltaic cells
All carbonaceous plant and animal
materials resulting from agri and
animal production

Biomass
Made by chemically reacting lipids
with an alcohol to produce ester

Transesterification
Ester derivative of coconut oil

Coco methyl ester

More expensive than methyl ester;
used for production of cosmetics
like makeup and lipstick

Glycerine
Chemical process of burning of
fuel

Combustion
Resulting gas mixture in
gasification

Synthesis gas (producer gas)

Mixture of gases produced by the
breakdown of organic matter in
the absence of oxygen

Biogas
Thermal decomposition of
biomass at elevated temperature
(>300 deg) ; zero oxygen; not
burning
Pyrolysis
Black carbon residue; known type
of fuel

Char
Produced from fermenting
biomass material using yeast;
purified via ____________

Ethanol; Distillation
Not a real biomass energy
conversion; biomass is converted
into a better biomass; charcoal to
coal
Torrefaction
Caused by uneven heating of the
atmosphere

Wind Energy
Betz coefficient

0.59
Caused by daytime heating and
night time cooling

Diurnal Variation
Caused by the differences in
pressure and influence of
topography

Local wind
Is the point where the turbine
starts to generate power

Cut-in wind speed

Max pressure and max power

Rated wind speed

Very destructive wind speed;
turbine needs to be turned off

Cut-out wind speed

Hydropower formula

P = density x gravity due

to acceleration x q x h
Generate power using a set of
paddles mounted around a wheel

waterwheel
Type of water turbine where fluid
changes pressure giving up
energy at the exit

Reaction turbine
(Francis)
Converts heat energy of fuel to
mechanical energy

Engine
Combustion takes place outside
the combustion chamber

External Combustion
Engine
Reciprocating motion is converted
to rotary at crankshaft; fuel is
introduced inside the combustion
chamber

Internal Combustion
Engine
Thermal Efficiency of:

Gasoline – 25-30%
Diesel – 30-36%
Major Engine Component where it
is used to receive, exert and
transmit motive forces

Power Chain
Constrain and support moving
parts

Stationary Parts
Times the operation sequence

Valve System
Cools and lubricates the surface;
provide ignition and fuel for
engine

Auxillary parts and

accessories
Offset of connecting rod

Crank through
Bearing where connecting rod
fastens to crankshaft

Connecting rod bearing

Given:
V= 230V
I = 40A
Locked rotor = 6.3-7.1kVA/hp

Required:
Max starting current
Given:
CR = 8:1
Stroke = 7.14cm
Bore = 3cm

Required:
Clearance volume
Given:
8x10cm, 7hp, 4-stroke, 1400rpm,
clearance volume = 20cc

Required:
a. Piston displacement
b. Compression ratio
c. Torque
d. Average piston speed
Determine the minimum head
requirement for a water turbine to
generate 8hp if it has a conversion
efficiency of 50% and discharge
rate from the stream flow through
a pipe conduit is 2000L/min to
run turbine.
The process of replacing of fresh
fuel mixture sa 2-stroke

Scavanging
Converts rectilinear motion of
piston into rotary motion

Crankshaft
Receives and transmits force from
cylinder to crankshaft

Piston
Raises the valves in the L-head to
T-head types of engines; receives
motion from cams

Valve lifter or Tappets

Type of combustion where there is
a rapid explosion and constant
volume

Otto Cycle
Type of 4W-Tractor with >32hp

Compact Type
Ability of fuel to vaporize

Volatility
True or False:
Fuels that vaporize easily at lower
temperature are more volatile

TRUE
Amount of energy in fuel

Heating Value
Lowest temperature fuel must be
heated

Flash Point
Temperature where the fuel
begins to crystallize

Cloud point
Occurs when end gases ignite
spontaneously; rapid and
uncontrolled release of fuel

Knocking (SI Engine)

Converts sunlight to electricity