ELECTRON GROUP 4 -9 THOMSON

CONFIGURATION
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
The distribution of electrons among the orbitals of an atom is
called the electron configuration of the atom.
The electron configuration of an atom describes where the
electrons are found and what energies they possess.
Electron configuration of atoms are determined by distributing the
atom’s electrons among levels, sublevels, and orbitals based on a
set of stated principles
THE AUFBAU PRINCIPLE
Electrons are added one at a time to the lowest energy orbitals
available until all the electrons of the atom have been accounted
for. (The word Aufbau is German for building up). Recall that the
number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the atomic number of
the element. Thus the electron configuration for the ground state
of carbon (atomic number=6), for example, must account for 6
electrons.
THE PAULI EXCLUSION
PRINCIPLE
An orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. To occupy the
same orbital, 2 electrons must spin in opposite directions. When
electrons with opposite spins occupy an orbital, the electrons are
said to be paired. A single electron present in orbital is aid to be
unpaired.
HUND’S RULE
Electrons occupy nequal-energy orbitals to that a maximum
number of unpaired electrons results. This rule will help you
decide how to fill a sublevel consisting of more than one orbitals,
a 2p sublevel with its three equal-energy orbitals. According to
Hund’s rule, you would first place electrons into 2p orbitals one by
one until all three orbitals had 1 electron. Then you would place
the next electrons to pair up with the existing electrons.
Atoms which have one or more electrons spins not paired are paramagnetic. It
has unpaired electrons. They are weakly attracted to magnets. When all electron
spins are paired, the magnetic effect cancels out and the atom is diamagnetic.
 GROUP 4 -9 THOMSON:
JOHANNA CHERRIE
CABALLES
JANNAH GAITE
WEM LOUIE YAP
GRACIELE ANDREA
LUMASAG
DAXEL ALLEN TAMAYOSA
CLARK TOMOL
JASPER JOY AGUILON