MathematicAl

Language and Symbols

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 Mathematical Language

- is a system used in the field of mathematics to

communicate mathematical ideas, concepts, and
theories among others.

The Language for communication of

mathematical idea is largely in terms of symbol and
words which everybody cannot understand.
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 THREE CHARACTERISTICS OF MATHEMATICAL
LANGUAGE

Precise - Is able to make very fine distinctions

of things.

Concise - Is able to say things briefly.

Powerful - Is expressing complex thoughts with

relative ease, being understood by
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most readers.
 Mathematical symbols
- Are used to refer to certain quantities, concepts, ideas
among others.

Most common used in basic mathematics:

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 - Numbers

+, -, ×, ÷ - Four fundamental symbols of operation

≠, ≤, ≥, <, > - Inequality symbols

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 Mathematical expression vs Mathematical sentence

Mathematical expression
- Is the mathematical analogue of an English noun; a correct
arrangement of mathematical symbols used to represent a mathematical
object of interest. In mathematics areas, e..g. in Algebra, the most
common expressions are numbers, sets, and functions.

Mathematical sentence
- Is the mathematical analogue of an English sentence, and is a correct
arrangement of mathematical symbols that state a complete thought.
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 Mathematical expression vs Mathematical sentence

let’s take a look at the table below :.

English Mathematics

Noun (person, place, things, events, etc.) Expression

Example: Jose, Juan, Jacob Example: 20, 4+3, 3x, f(x)=6x - 9

SENTENCE SENTENCE

Example: Example:
The Province of Albay is a province in Bicol
Region, Philippines. 4 + 9 = 13
7 + 5 = 12
Manila is ii National Capital Region of the
Philippines
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 Common Words in Algebra

Variable
- It is a symbol which represent a value or a number. Usually , small
letters are used as variable, e. g. ( a, x, y )

Constant
- It is a number on its own which means the value never is definite and
will never change, e. g. ( 4, 9, 35 )
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 Common Words in Algebra

Term
- It is a constant, or a variable, or a constant and variable/s multiplied
together, e. g. ( 4, z, 5xy, 87xy, xyz )

Expression
- It is also called algebraic expression. It is a group of terms separated by
the “plus” or “minus” symbols, e. g. ( 3x-2, x+3 )
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 Commonly used Phrases

Addition ( +) ( plus, increased by, added to, the sum of, more than )
Subtraction ( - ) (decreased by, subtracted from, the difference of, less than,
diminished by)
Multiplication (x) (multiplied by, of, the product of, times)
Division ( ÷ ) (ratio of, the quotient of, divided by)
Inequality ( is greater than(>), is less than(<), is less than or equal(≤),
is greater than or equal(≥), is not equal(≠)

Equality(=) (the same as, is equal to, equal)

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 Numeracy Vocabulary
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 Numeracy Vocabulary
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 Example:
Mathematical Sentence Verbal Sentence

X + 2 = 12 The sum of a number x and two is equal to twelve.

9y = 18 Nine times y equals eighteen.

9+8>1 The sum of eight and nine is greater than 1.

X-8≤2 The difference of a number x and eight is less than or

equal to two.

The sum of seven and eight times a number x is equal to

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8x + 7 = 90
ninety.
 Example:

5+2=7 The sum of two and five is equal to seven.

5x - 2 = 2(x – 3) The difference between five times a number and two is

twice the difference of a number and three.

Twice the difference of eight and six is four

2( 8 – 6) = 4.
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 Example:
The sum of five and twice a number is eleven

5 + 2x = 11

Twice the difference of a number and three is equal to the

2(x – 3) = 5x - 2 difference between five times a number and two is.

6ft x 20ft Six feet by twenty feet.

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 QUIZ :
Convert English statement into mathematical statement.
1. The difference of nine and three is six
2. The product of twice a number and six is eight plus a number
3. Sixty percent of a number is fifteen
4. The ratio of a number and eighteen is two-thirds
5. Four times the difference of eight and a number is the same as the ratio of five and twelve

Convert mathematical statement into English statement.

 1. x–2=5
2. 4x-12 = 2(x-5)
3. 3x = -21
4. 4(5-x) = 16
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5. 25x + 5 = 3x
Thank You!
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