Meiosis 1

What is Meiosis?

Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to

produce for cells containing half the original amount of
genetic information.These cells are our sex cells - sperm
in males,eggs in females
*During meiosis one cell devides twice form four
daughter cells
*These four daughter cell s only have half the number of
chromosome of the parent cell -they are haploid

*Meiosis produces our sex cells gametes (eggs in females

and sperm in males)
Meiosis can be divided into nine
stages.These are divided between the first
time the cell divides(meiosis 1)and the
second time it divides (meiosis 2).
Meiosis 1
1. Interphase
*The DNA in the cell is copied resultibg in two
identical full sets of chromosomes.

*Outside of the nucleus are two centrosomes,each

containing a pair of centrioles,these structures are critical
for the process of cell division

*During interphase,microtubules extend

from the centrosomes.
2.Prophase 1:

*The copied chromosomes condense into X-

shaped structures that can be easily seen under
a microsope.
*The copied chromosomes condense into X-
shaped structures that can be easily seen
under a microsope.
*The chromosome pair up so that both copies of chromosome 1 are
together, both copies of chromosome 2 are together, and so on.

*The pairs of chromosomes may then exchange bits of DNA in a process

called recombination of crossing
over
*Ate the end of Prophase | the membrane around the nucleus in the cell
dissolves away, releasing the chromosomes.
* The Meiotic spindle, consisting of microtubules and other
proteins, extends across the cell between the centrioles.
3.metaphase 1:
*The chromosome pair line up next to each other along the centre (equator)
of the centrioble
*The cell. are now at opposites poles of the cell with the meiotic
spindles extending from them.
* The meiotic spindle fibres attach to one chromosome of each
pair.
4.Anaphase | :
*The pair of chromosomes are then pulled apart by the meiotic spindle,
which pulls one chromosome to one pole of the cell and the other
chromosome to the opposite pole
*In meiosis | the sister chromatids stay together. This is different to what
happens in mitosis and meiosis ||
5.Telophase | and cytokinesis :
* The chromosomes complete their move to the opposite poles of the cell.
* At each pole of the cell a full set of chromosomes gather together.
* A membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to create two new nuclei

*The single cell then pinches in the middle to form two seperate daughter cells each
containing a full set of chromosomes within a nucleus. This process is known as
cytokinesis.
Meosis has both similaraties to and differences
from mitosis, which is a cell division process in
which a parent cell produces two identical
daughters cells Meiosis begins following one
round of DNA replication in cells in the male or
female sex organs The process is split in to
meiosis | and meiosis ||, and both meiotic divisions
have multiple phases Meiosis | is a type of cell
division unique to germ cells, while meiosis || is
similar to mitosis.
The key characteristic of a cell that has undergone meiosis is that it
contains a haploid number of chromosomes, which in humans is 23.
Whereas the vast majority of the human body's trillions of cells
divide by mitosis and contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, for 46 in
all (this is called the diploid number), gametes contain 22 "regular"
numbered chromosomes and a single sex chromosome, labeled as X
or Y. is important because it ensures that all organisms produced via
Meiosis
sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes. Meiosis
also produces genetic variation by way of the process of recombination.
Later, this variation is increased even further when two gametes unite during
fertilization, therby creating offspring with unique combinations of DNA.
This constant mixing of parental DNA in sexual reproduction helps fuel the
incredible diversity of life on Earth.
 Represent by: Group 2
Miguelito Domingo
Mika Joy Marquez
Mark Joseph G. Garcia
Ashley Mae Quintal
Kein Manapat
Paulene Orcajada Terezo
Mariel Consolacion Norms
Gel Bernardo Durwin