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HISTORY OF

MODERN DANCE
CH ARACTE RI STI CS O F
MODERN DANCE

 Movement driven by
emotion
 Low center of gravity

 Dancers embrace the ground


LI N E AG E
E XPRE SSI O N I ST DAN CE

“Ausdrucktanz”
Europe, late 1800’s - early 1900’s
Movement as expression
FRANÇOIS DELSARTE

 Musician and teacher


 Developed “Delsarte” acting style
• Focus on human interaction,
gesture as expression
• Known worldwide by
1890’s
 Inspired dancers:
• Isadora Duncan, Ruth
St. Denis, Ted Shawn
E MI LE JAQ UE S-
DALCRO Z E
 Musician, composer

 Developed eurythmics

 Founded school in 1910


• Taught the Dalcroze Method
RUD O LF VAN LABAN

 Dance artist, theorist

 Created Labanotation

 Established schools throughout Europe


MARY WI G MAN

 Student of Dalcroze and Laban

 Challenged tradition

 Dark pieces

 Expansion and contraction

 The Witch:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/
Mary_Wigman_Witch_Dance.ogv
FRE E DAN CE

America, late 1890’s – early 1900’s


Spread to Hungary, Russia, Eastern Europe
Rebellion against ballet
LOIE FULLER

 Child actress, burlesque


dancer
Developed her own natural
movement and improvisation
 The first modern dancer

Innovative lighting
and costume design
ISADORA DUNCAN

 Created her own philosophy of dance


• Natural movement as
connection between emotion
and movement
 Greek and Freedom influences

 Performed to mix reviews


RUTH ST.
D E N I S & TED
SHAWN
 Ruth- studied Delsarte’s
method
 Eastern influences
 Opened Denishawn School
• Taught Martha Grhama,
Doris Humphrey, Charles
Wiedman
 Established Jacob’s Pillow
MO D E RN DAN CE

 1923: Graham leaves Denishawn to work as a solo


artist
 1928: Humphrey and Weidman set up their own
school
 1933: Shawn founds all male dance group
MARTHA GRAHAM

 “Picasso” of dance

 Student of Denishawn

 The Martha Graham Center of


Contemporary Dance
 Contraction and release

 Long career
DORIS HUMPHREY
& CHARLES
WIEDMAN
 Students of Denishawn

 Humphrey-Weidman Company

 “Fall and recovery”

 Unique American style


MERCE CUNNINGHAM

 Student of Martha Graham

 Merce Cunningham Dance


Company
• Used Yì Jīng to choreograph
• Non-representative dance

 Legacy Plan
ALVI N
AI LE Y
 African American Modern Dance

 Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater

 “A ballet bottom,” and a “modern


top”
RE ACTI O N

 1927: Newspapers begin regularly assigning dance


critics
 Universities and colleges accepted modern dance

 Audiences often felt confused, but mesmerized


I N FLUE N CE

 Post-modern dance

 Contemporary

Improvisation, Contact
Improvisation

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