WELCOME TO PANTADO’S CLASS

American History
Unit 3: Railroads
 New words

1. Train (n) /treɪn/ - Tàu hỏa

2. Germany (n) /ˈdʒɜː.mə.ni/ - Nước Đức
3. Road (n) /rəʊd/ - Đường đi
4. Wooden rails (n) /ˈwʊdən reɪl/ - Đường ray gỗ
5. Dirt roads (n) /dɜːt rəʊd/ - Đường đất
6. Metal rails (n) /ˈmetəl reɪl/ - Đường ray
kim loại
7. Iron (n) /aɪən/ - Sắt
 New words

8. Wheel (n) /wiːl/ - Bánh xe

9. Groove (n) /ɡruːv/ - Đường rãnh
10. Cut out (vp) /ˈkʌt.aʊt/ - Cắt ra
11. Edge (n) /edʒ/ - Cạnh
12. Steam engine (n) /stiːm ˈen.dʒɪn/ - Động cơ hơi nước
13. Carry (v) /ˈkær.i/ - Mang theo
14. Ton (n) /tʌn/ - Tấn (đơn vị)
15. Charter (n) /ˈtʃɑː.tər/ - Điều lệ
 Railroads

Did you know that the idea for trains started in Germany? In 1550,
some roads in Germany had wooden rails. They ran along the road.
They were called “wagon ways.” These roads were used for wagons
pulled by horses. They were easier than traveling on dirt roads.
In 1776, metal rails were made. The rails were made of iron. They were
called “tramways.” They were very popular. They went all over Europe.
A man named William Jesse had an idea. He made wheels with a
groove, or cutout edge. These wheels helped the wagons move faster
on the iron rails. The wagons were still pulled by horses.
 Railroads

The steam engine came next. A man named Richard Trevithick wanted
to move people and things from place to place without using animals.
He made the first steam engine. It could carry 10 tons of iron, 70 men,
and five wagons for 9 miles in two hours.
A man named John Stevens put all of these ideas together. He is called
the “father of the American railroad.” He showed how steam trains
would work. He got the first charter railroad.
Each new idea has made traveling easier and faster.
Question 1: Who was called the “father of the
American railroad”?

a. Richard Trevithick

b. William Jesse

c. Orlando Bloom

d. John Stevens
Question 2: Which words best describes the
“wagon ways”?

a. wooden
a. woodenrails
rails

b. iron railsb.

c. steam engines

d. fire wagons
Question 3: Which word is a synonym for the word
pulled?

a. snatched

b. grabbed

c. pushed

d. yanked
Question 4: Which statement is NOT true about
the history of the railroads?

a. The idea for trains began in

Germany.

Todaytrains
b. Today trainsrun
run very
very slowly
slowly andand
are
are pulled
pulled by horses.
by horses.

c. “Tramways” had rails made of iron.

d. Today trains run much faster and

easier than in the past.
Question 5: Where did the idea for trains start?

a. in Germany.

b. in the UK.

c. in Vietnam.

d. in China.
Question 6: The metal rails were made of ...

a. plastic

b. water

c. wood

iron
d. iron
Question 7: Who made the first steam engine?

a. Michael Jackson

b. Albert Einstein

c. RichardTrevithick
c. Richard Trevithick

d. Isaac Newton
Useful structures

Passive voice: To be + VpII

Example: He was called “the most handsome

boy” in our class.
Useful structures

1. Something was/were made of something

Meaning: Cái gì được làm từ cái gì

Example: This table was made of wood.

Exercises

Question 1: This book (buy) by my mother

yesterday.

a. This book bought by my mother b. This book was bought by my

yesterday. mother yesterday.

c. This book is buy by my mother d. This book is bought by my mother

yesterday. yesterday.
Exercises

Question 2: I (take) my brother to the zoo last

week.

a. take b. have taken

c. takes d. took
took
Exercises

Question 3: The glasses were made of …

a. plastic b. iron

c. crystal
c. crystal d. wood