Waste Management

The overall objective of this module is

that participants will show awareness of
waste management and transportation
requirements
Overview
• General principles for safe acceptance
of household hazardous and/or CESQG
waste from the public, which includes:
receiving, sorting, storing,
marking/labeling, packing, transporting,
and final disposal of waste
• Understand the DOT, CFR, and UN
transportation requirements
Expectations
• List the seven steps in the waste
management process
• List the main classes of hazardous
materials and how they should be
sorted and stored
• Identify the proper selection,
marking/labeling, and handling of
containers of hazardous waste
7 Steps in Waste
Management Process
• Collecting Wastes
• Sorting
• Storing
• Marking/Labeling
• Packing
• Transporting
• Final Disposal
Collecting Wastes
• Minimum standards
– Customer restrictions
– Waste restrictions
– Container restrictions
– Contents identified
– Compatibilities of waste
– Restricted areas
Collecting Wastes
• Guidelines
– Load Inspection
– Unloading
Collecting Wastes
• Inspection
– Visually inspect the containers before
removing to ensure integrity
– Note unusual circumstances such as large
volumes or items not likely to be household
waste
Collecting Wastes
• Identifying and Dealing with Exceptions
– Commercial wastes
– Universal waste
– Waste oil drums and oil filters
– Open and leaking containers
– Unlabeled / unknown items
– Waste left outside of facility
– Waste from farms
Collecting Wastes
• Identifying and Dealing with
Exceptions
– Infectious waste
– Ammunition and explosives
– Bombs / Unknown Packages
– Critically unstable chemicals
– Asbestos
– Nonhazardous waste
Suspected Commercial
Wastes
• Brought in a commercial vehicle
• Large amounts of the same item
• Items not normally for residential use
• Product of a business; home
business
Collecting Wastes
• Universal Wastes
– Considerations for managing UW under
UWR standards
• Whether state has adopted UWR and
additional waste added to UW list
• Whether want to receive commercial UW
• What quantity of UW you will receive and
manage
Collecting Wastes
• Universal Wastes
– Batteries
– Mercury thermostats
– Pesticides
Collecting Wastes
• Waste Reuse/
Exchange
– Inspect containers for
integrity and contents
– No reuse
• Recalled, canceled or
suspended material
• Material in containers which
are damaged, rusted or
labels are unreadable
Sorting
• Preliminary sorting
• Waste oil
• Testing waste oil for contamination
• Flames test
• Commercial test kits
• Bulking waste oil
• Pumping waste oil from barrels
Sorting
• Preliminary Sorting
– Aerosols
– Antifreeze
– Car batteries
– Unknown waste
– Waste oil
– Testing waste oil for
contamination
– Flame test
– Commercial test kits
Classification Process
• Read the labels
• Clues
– Plastic or plastic-lined containers -used for acids or bases
– Exotic metals - extremely dangerous
– Single-walled containers - inert gas surrounding reactive,
flammable or explosive material
– Seal - reactive chemical or one which can not be exposed to
air, water, or other chemicals
– Cohesive solid in a liquid - material reactive with air or water
– “Forbidden” - No transportation unless has been diluted,
stabilized or incorporated into a device
Classification Process
• Color-coded labels and caps
– green - ammonium hydroxide
– brown - acetic acid
– red - nitric acid
– yellow - sulfuric acid
– blue - hydrochloric acid
– black - perchloric acid
Sorting
• Nine DOT hazard classes
– Explosives
– Gases
– Flammable liquids
– Flammable solids
– Oxidizers
– Poisons
– Radioactive
– Corrosives
– Class 9
Sorting
• Precedence of Hazard
– Radioactive
– Poisonous gases
– Flammable gases
– Nonflammable gases
– Poisonous liquids
– Pyrophoric material
– Self-reactive material
Sorting
– Class 3- Flammable liquids
– Class 8- Corrosive materials
– Division 4.1- Flammable solids
– Division 4.2- Spontaneously combustible
materials
– Division 4.3- Dangerous when wet materials
– Division 5.1- Oxidizers
– Division 6.1- Poisonous materials
– Combustible liquids
– Miscellaneous hazardous materials
Storing

• Proper labeling on storage

cabinet, containers
• Compatibilities
• Check reactivity within Hazard
Classes
Marking/Labeling
• Proper Shipping Name (PSN)
• Selecting a Package
• Drum Preparation
• Marking
• Labels
• State Hazardous Waste Stickers
• Drum ID Number
Proper Shipping Name (PSN)
• Priority for selection:
– Chemical Name, e.g., “Methyl Alcohol”
– Generic Name (Chemical Family), e.g.,
“Alcohol’s, n.o.s.”
– End Use of Material, e.g., “Paint Related
Materials”
– The n.o.s. End Use, e.g., “Dyes, Liquid, n.o.s.”
– DOT Class of Hazard, e.g., “Flammable
Liquids, n.o.s.”
Selecting a Package
• Package must meet design and
performance standards-
“performance-based packaging”
• Limited quantity (LMTD QTY)
Drum Preparation
• New or reconditioned and acceptable to DOT
• Empty
• Cover, securing ring and / or bung and gaskets
• Drums used for lab packs must be lined with a 6
ml polyethylene liner
• Drums with liquids inside containers must be
marked on two opposite vertical sides of the
package with the arrows pointing in the correct
upright direction
• Marked on 2 sides - This side up
Marking
• Proper shipping name
• ID number
• Address of the shipper or
recipient
• English
• Durable
• Of contrasting color with
background
• Away from other markings
• Easy to see
Labels
• Diamond shaped
• Indicate the hazard class and
division of a material
• Placed near proper shipping name
and ID#s
State Hazardous Waste
Stickers
• “Accumulation Start Date”
• “Hazard Class”
• “Hazardous Waste” - upper one-third
of the drum
• Labels on two sides (upper third) and
the top of the drum
Drum ID Number
• Assign a serial number
Packing
• Lab Pack
• Incompatible material
• Drum inventory
• Loose Pack
• Consolidation
Packing
• Lab pack
– Extensive training
– Nonleaking containers
– Compatible with waste it is holding
– Appropriately placed in the lab pack
protecting them from breakage, rupture or
leaks
Packing
• Incompatible Material
– Nitric acid should not be placed in a drum with acetic acid
– Cyanides and sulfides should never be placed with acids
– Acids and bases should not be packed in the same drum
– Ammonia solutions should never be packed with bleach
– Oxidizers should not be placed with flammables or
corrosives
Packing

• Drum Inventory
– Inventory sheets
• Trade name or major chemical
ingredient
• List liquids by volume
• List solids by weight
Packing

• Loose Pack
– Packed for short-term transport
– Aerosols packed without absorbents
– Nonleaking and tightly sealed containers
– Leaking and damaged containers - Placed
in a nonleaking container
Packing

• Consolidation
– Oil-Based Paint for Energy Recovery
• Flammable liquid label
• Hazardous waste sticker
• Grounding
• Secure to structure
Packing
• Consolidation
– Pesticides
• Same generic name and chemical constituents
• Appropriate personal protective equipment
• Containers emptied and disposed of properly
 Transporting

• Shipping papers
• Emergency response information
• Emergency response guidebook
(1996)
• Placards
• Loading, moving, and unloading
• Training
Shipping Papers
• Shipper and receiver identification
– Package type and count
– Hazard material description (proper shipping
name, hazard class, ID number, other
information)
– Total quantity
– Emergency response information
– Shipper’s certification
– Signature
Emergency Response
Information
• 24-hr contact number operated by
knowledgeable person
• Description and technical name of
the hazardous material
• Immediate hazards to health
• Risks of fire or explosion
Emergency Response
Information
• Immediate precautions to be taken in
the event of an accident or incident
• Immediate methods for handling fires
• Initial methods for handling spill or
leaks in the absence of fire
• Preliminary first aid measures
Emergency Response
Information
• Review Emergency Response
Guidebook
• Familiarize yourself with your
facilities emergency procedures
• Emergency Management process
 Placards
• Large 12” diamond shape
• Contain
– Hazard class or division
number
– Placard name
– Placard design section
references
• Placed on all four sides of
transport vehicle
Loading, Moving and
Unloading
• Responsibility of the carrier
• Segregation and separation
Training
• Refresher every two years
• Increases awareness of safety
considerations
Final Disposal
• Registered Transporter
• Know where your waste is going
• Recycling/TSD Facility
• Evaluate disposal facility
Monitoring
• Maintenance
• Inspections
Maintenance
• Drums
– Kept closed during storage except when items
are added
– Maintain empty space to ensure unobstructed
movement
– Label waste-containing drums
– Empty drums must be label free
– Good housekeeping
– Routine inspection checklists
Inspections
• Daily inspection of containers in the
facility
– Leakage or damage
– Liquid around base of drum
– Signs of rust or corrosion around base, top seal or
bung of drum
– Bulges or depressions
– Leaks or spills of hazardous materials
• Weekly inspection of facility by supervisor
Safety
• Proper hygiene
• Safety meetings
• Security
• Visitors
Proper Hygiene
• Protective should be removed:
– Prior to taking breaks
– Entering the office area
– Leaving the sites
• Remove gloves last
Proper Hygiene
• Wash hands before:
– Eating
– Drinking
– Smoking
– Using the restroom
Safety Meetings
• Monthly
• Provide:
– Results of the inspections
– Review hazards identified
– Answer safety-related questions from
workers
Security
• Inform visitors of hazards and egress
routes
• Preapprove tours
• No tours during bulking, packing,
testing
• Use needed PPE