Unit 5 – ways of talking

about the future

 There are many different ways we
can talk about the future...
Let’s look at:
1. Uses of the future simple
2. Uses of the future continuous
3. Uses of the future perfect simple and continuous
4. Uses of going to
5. Uses of the present

The future simple

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 Function: the future simple
The future simple is with will or won’t. Match the uses to the examples.

Uses Examples
I think Tina will change jobs before the end of the year.

The island will be under water in a matter of hours.

She’s already here? I’ll call her now then.

Philip will be at the gym right now. You should call round
later.

Predictions/beliefs
Facts
An assumption (often following
about I think, I’m sure, I
Instant decisions madethein present.
the moment.
know, etc.)
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 Function: the future simple
Uses Examples

Predictions/beliefs (often following I think, I’m sure, I I think Tina will change jobs before the end of the year.
know, etc.)

The island will be under water in a matter of hours.

Facts

She’s already here? I’ll call her now then.

Instant decisions made in the moment.

Philip will be at the gym right now. You should call round
An assumption about the present. later.

Remember the contractions The vowel sound in won’t

Modal verbs will and
are: is the diphthong /əʊ/. It’s
won’t are followed by
‘ll = will the same sound we find
a bare infinitive.
won’t = will not in the word nose. The future
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 Function: future continuous
Look at the conversation and answer the questions.

This time tomorrow, So jealous! By the way, I’ll be

I’ll be sitting in the going to the supermarket
airport, waiting to later, so I’ll be getting the sun
board my flight! cream you wanted then, ok?

Look at the bold section of Are these events in

the boy’s statement. Is he sequence?
talking about a specific
time in the future?
Will the action sitting
in the airport happen Look at what the girl
at that time, be in says. She has two Yes
progress, or be organised plans.
Yes: this What are they?
finished?
time
1. Go to the
tomorrow
It will be in supermarket
2. Get the sun
progress
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 Function: future continuous
Uses Examples
An activity in progress at or around a specific time in the I’ll be sitting in the airport this time tomorrow.
future.
An activity that is part of a normal or organised I’ll be going to the supermarket later, so I’ll be getting the
sequence of events. sun cream you wanted then.
now this time tomorrow

I’ll be sitting in the airport

He will start to sit in the airport before
this specific time and will probably
continue after this time too. Remember. We make the
future continuous with: will +
be + verb-ing
now later today

I’ll be going to the I’ll be getting the sun cream

First activity in sequence supermarket

Second activity in sequence Future perfect

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 Function: future perfect simple/cont.

By the time you get back That’s true! You will have
from holiday, I will have been working there for a
started my new job! week and a half!

now 1 2

3
Put these 3 activities on the timeline.
1. Girl will start new job.
2. Boy will get back from holiday.
3. Girl will be working there for a week
and a half.

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 Function: future perfect simple/cont.
future perfect simple
An assumption about the
present.
future perfect continuous
Lara will have arrived An activity that will have You will have been working
home by now. been in progress up to a there for a week and a half
certain point in the future. (by the time I’m back).

An activity that will be By the time you’re back

completed before a certain from holiday, I will have
point in the future. started my new job.

By the time you’re/

now I will have started my new job I’m back from holiday

week and a half

This event happens You will have been working there for... This is the specific
before that specific This will start in the point in time in
time in the future. future and continue in Future perfect simple: the future.
progress up to the Will + have + past participle
specific time in the Future perfect cont.:
future Will + have + been + verb-ing
Going to...
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 Function: going to
Match the uses to the examples.
Uses Examples
The tide is going to rise soon.

The mayor is going to make a speech at the

conference.

It’s going to rain soon.

Intentions or plans which are made

before the time of speaking
Actions which are inevitable or
unstoppable
Predictions based on observation

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 Function: going to
Uses Examples

Actions which are inevitable or The tide is going to rise soon.

unstoppable
Intentions or plans which are made The mayor is going to make a speech at the
before the time of speaking conference.

It’s going to rain soon.

Predictions based on observation

going to: When speaking quickly, we often

To be + going to + infinitive shorten going to to /gənə/ or /gɒnə/.

Present tenses...
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 Function: present tenses
We can use the present tenses for the future too. Match the uses to the examples.
Uses Examples
The concert starts at 3 p.m.

She’s moving back to Germany in September.

The train station is to reopen in the spring following

refurbishment.

As soon as you have spoken to Laura, will you call me?

Scott is due to arrive at 10 a.m.

Expressions
Present simple
tobe
We use present
be fordue
continuousfor timetabled
to,
forbe
tenses
official about
(incl.
future
plans organised
the
orto, be hoped
arrangements
present events.
obligation. to,
perfect)
be bound
timeto,
(organised).
after be expected
clauses to + as
like when, verb infinitive
soon as, before...
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 Function: present tenses
Uses Examples
The concert starts at 3 p.m.
Present simple for timetabled organised events.

Present continuous for future arrangements She’s moving back to Germany in September.
(organised).
We use be to for official plans or obligation. The train station is to reopen in the spring following
refurbishment.

We use present tenses (incl. the present perfect) As soon as you have spoken to Laura, will you call me?
after time clauses like when, as soon as, before...
Expressions be due to, be about to, be hoped to, Scott is due to arrive at 10 a.m.
be bound to, be expected to + verb infinitive

be due to = expected or scheduled;

be about to = intend to do something/be close
Let’s practise...
to doing something;
be bound to = be inevitable that.
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 Practice activities
Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the gaps. Justify your choices.

1. When Fred …. (get back), we should leave straight away.

When Fred gets back, we should leave straight away.
2. By the time she listens to your message, you …. (fly) to New York and I …. (hopefully/finish) this essay that ….
(due/be handed in) tomorrow.
By the time she listens to your message, you’ll be flying to New York, and I will hopefully have finished this essay
that is due to be handed in tomorrow.
3. A: It looks like there …. (be) a storm. B: I …. (get) the washing in off the line then.
A: It looks like there is going to be a storm. B: I’ll get the washing in off the line then.
4. Chris …. (have) his first session with the team on Tuesday. By the next Olympics, he …. (train) with them for over a
year. It’s not long, but he …. (expected/do) good things!
Chris has his first session with the team on Tuesday. By the next Olympics, he will have been training with them for
over a year. It’s not long, but he is expected to do good things!
5. Ruby …. (compete) in a dance competition on Saturday. I’m sure the judges …. (see) how talented she is, and she
…. (take) home the trophy.
Ruby is competing in a dance competition on Saturday. I’m sure the judges will see how talented she is, and she will
take home the trophy.
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