Functions

Algebra
Activity One
Page 14
Families of Functions
• Constant
• Linear
• Quadratic
• Rational
• Exponential
• Step
• Periodic
• Piecewise
Flip to…
Page 17
 Constant Function
• Shows no variation
• Table Graph

-2 3
-1 3
0 3
1 3
2 3

• Rule

𝑦=3
 
Always y = #, (no x’s)
This type of function happens when the y-
value is the same for every x-value.

Example: You spend $49.99 a month for

unlimited high speed internet access. No
matter how many times you use or go on
the internet within that month you will
still only pay $49.99.
 Constant
Functions

are also known as

Zero-Degree
Functions
 Linear Function
• Shows an arithmetic variation
• Table Graph

-2 -4
-1 -3
0 -2
1 -1
2 0

• Rule

𝑦=𝑥 −2
 
Can always be written as y = ax+b
 This function occurs when two
variables (x and y) are directly related.
It creates a straight line on a graph.
Example: If you owned a hot dog
stand and sold each hot dog for $1.50.
The more hot dogs you sell the more
money you make.
Linear Functions

are also known as

First-Degree
Polynomial
Functions
 Based on difference between y-values.

First and Second Degree

First Degree Variation Second Degree Variation
• Straight line is the first degree of • Parabola if the second degree of
variations are the same variations are the same

-2 -4 -2 12
-1 -3 1 -1 3 -9
6
0 -2 1 0 0 -3
6
1 +3
1 -1 1 3 6
2 0 1 2 12 +9
Second-Degree
Polynomial
Functions

are also known as

Quadratic
Functions
 Quadratic Functions
• Shows a second degree variation (squared)
• Table Graph

-2 12
-1 3
0 0
1 3
2 12

• Rule

𝑦=3 𝑥 2
 
There will always be an exponent of 2
The graph of the quadratic function is
called a parabola. It is a "U“ shaped curve
that may open up or down depending on
the sign of “a”. The variable x is always
squared in these types of functions.
Example: The faster a car moves, the
greater the breaking distance required.
This is an example of a quadratic
relationship.
Standard Rule of 2 Degree nd
•  

See Page 28 of Textbook:

 What is “a”?
• This is a PARAMETER
• What is a parameter?
o A part of the rule that affects the way the graph looks

• Generates a vertical stretch or

compression
• What would a Vertical Stretch look like?
• What about a Vertical Compression?
 How?
• The further the value of “a” is from 0,
the more the curve is vertically stretched.

• The more the value of “a” approaches 0, the more

the curve is vertically compressed.

• When the sign of “a” changes,

the curve is reflected over the x-axis.
 Visuals
Changes to Parameter “a”
 Basic Quadratic
•  
 Visuals
http://www.mathwarehouse.com/quadratic/parabola/interactive-parabola.php

• The further the value of “a” is from 0, the more the curve is vertically stretched.

• The more the value of “a” approaches 0, the more the curve is vertically
compressed.

• When the sign of “a” changes,

the curve is reflected over the x-axis.
 Finding the Rule
•  
1. Use a point on the line (not vertex)
2. Substitute and into rule
3. Solve the resulting equation
4. Write the rule for the function
5. Check
 What does this mean?
•   the rule of the parabola that crosses through point
Find
(3, 54).
1. Identify the coordinates of a point on the curve that is not the vertex. (3, 54)
2. Substitute the and values identified on the curve into the rule of the form

3. To find the value of the p arameter “a”, solve the resulting equation
a=6

4. Write the rule for the function

5. Validate the solution CHECK LEFT AND RIGHT

 Example 1: Given point
•A second
  degree variation passes through point (1, 0.5)
1. Use a point on the line (not vertex)
(1, 0.5)
2. Substitute and into rule

3. Solve the resulting equation

4. Write the rule for the function

5. Check
 Example 2: Given Table
•  
1. Use a point on the line (not vertex)
(2, 10)

2. Substitute and into rule

3. Solve the resulting equation

2 10

3 22.5
4. Write the rule for the function
4 40

5 62.5
5. Check
6 90
 Example 3: Given Graph
•  
1. Use a point on the line (not vertex)
(3, 3.6)
2. Substitute and into rule

3. Solve the resulting equation

4. Write the rule for the function

5. Check
 Page 32
http://www.mathwarehouse.com/quadratic/parabola/interactive-parabola.php

Question 7
 Check yourself

Page 30
1ad, 3, 5, 12