Systems of Equations

Miss Connell
Now onto
 Slope of a Line
O The slope a of a line through points (x1, y1)
and (x2, y2) is determined by:
 
∆ 𝑦 𝑦2− 𝑦 1
𝑎= =
∆𝑥 𝑥2−𝑥1
O The slope of a horizontal line ….  𝑖𝑠 0
O The slope of a vertical line … 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡
 
Parallel Lines

Two Parallel lines

have the same slope
Perpendicular Lines

Two Perpendicular
lines have slopes that
are negative
reciprocals to one
another.
The product of these
slopes is -1.
 Equation of a Line
O There are various ways of writing the equation of a line.
Form Equation Role of Parameters Characteristic
Function Slope: Can be used to
or y-intercept: describe any non-
Standard vertical line
x-intercept:
General Slope: Can be used to
General Can be used
describe any to
line.
y-intercept: describe any line.
x-intercept:
Symmetric Slope: Can be used to
y-intercept: describe any
oblique line that
Symmetric x-intercept: Can be used to
does not pass
describe any
through the origin.
oblique line that
does not pass
through the origin.
 Proof Using Analytic
Geometry
O When proving a geometric statement using
algebra, do the following:

O Represent the figure in a Cartesian plane

O Express the coordinates of the significant points of the

figure using variables taking into account the hypotheses
of the statement.
 Graphing
You can graph a linear function using

Table of Values

Function Form
𝑦=2𝑥+5
 
 Let`s Practice
OPage: 94

O 1, 2df, 3ac, 4be, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12

Systems of Equations
First Degree
 Systems of First Degree Equations
O The solution of systems of equation of the first degree is
the point of intersection for these two lines.

O The Point of Intersection is also described as the solution

set which is an ordered pair: (x, y)

O Systems of Equations are equivalent if they have the

same solution set.
Solving a Solution of Equations
O  Table of Values and O  Substitution Method
Graphing O Use when equations
given in form:
O Comparison Method
O Use when equations
given in form:
O The Elimination Method
O Use when equations
given in form:
 Table of Values
O Choose Values for x and calculate values for y.
O The solution exists when both values of y are the
same
O We can check solution by replacing back into
original equations
O This method can be time consuming and
difficult if the solution is not an integer.
O Other option: graphing on same grid to see
intersection point.
 Table Example
O 

-3
-3 5
5 1
1
-2
-2 2
2 2
2
-1 -1 3
-1 -1 3
0 -4 4
0 -4 4
 Comparison Method
Both
O   Equations must be isolated for the same
variable

1. Compare both y values

2. Solve for x

3. Replace x and solve for y

 Comparison Example
O 

1. Compare both y values:

2. Solve for x:

 The Solution
3. Replace:
is therefore:
 Substitution Method
1. Substitute the isolated variable in the other
equation with the equivalent expression,
creating one equation in one variable.

2. Solve the resulting equation

3. Substitute the value found in one of the initial

equations in order to determine the value for
the second variable.
 Substitute Example
O 

1. Substitute:
2. Solve:

3. Sub x in:

The solution is therefore (9.5, 18.5)

 Elimination Method
1. Create, if necessary, an equivalent system of equations
in which the coefficients of one of the variables are
equal or opposite

2. Create an equation in one variable by adding or

subtracting the corresponding sides of the equations of
the system. Solve the resulting equation.

3. Substitute the value found in one of the original

equations to determine the value of the other variable.
 Elimination Example
O    6 𝑥+5 𝑦=12
→
−6 − 12 𝑦 =−33

1. Create: multiply second equation by (-3)

2. Add/Sub:
+
 
The solution is
therefore

3. Sub value:
Solution to Linear Systems
One Solution

No Solutions

Infinite Solutions
 One Solution
O  
OOccurs when the lines have different
rates of change , regardless of whether
the initial value is the same or different
OGraphically, two lines intersect at one
point
OAlgebraically, the system shows a value
for
One Solution
 No Solutions
O 
O
Non-coinciding Parallel Lines
O Occurs when the lines have the same
rates of change and different initial
values
O Graphically, two lines are parallel and
distinct
O Algebraically, the system shows an
impossibility
Non-Coinciding
 Infinite Solutions
O 
O
Coinciding Parallel Lines
O Occurs when the lines have the same
rates of change and the same initial
values
O Graphically, two lines are parallel and
coincident (on top of one another)
O Algebraically, the system shows a
certain equality
Coinciding
 Practice
O 
O
Solve by Graphing
1. 2.

OWorksheet
OPage: 106
O 1ace, 2, 3bdfh, 4, 5, 6def, 7, 9, 10, 14