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Grain Boundaries
Grain Boundaries
b b
D
(for very small) (16-1)
2 sin
2
b o 1
10 rad or D 6b (16-2)
D 6
• Consider a tilt boundary consisting of edge dislocations
with spacing D. Let us isolate a small portion of
dimension D, as in Figure 16.5, with a dislocation at its
center.
(16-4)
dE dEI dEII dEIII
and
d dD dR
(as R KD ) (16-5)
D R
• The smaller the grain size, the larger will be the total
boundary surface area per unit volume.
100 X 103
l 11 m
7 X 1300
• The most correct way to express the grain size (D) from
lineal intercept measurements is:
3
D l 10-3
2
• Therefore, the grain size (D) of the material of Figure 10.4
is: 3
D X 11 16.5
2
ASTM Procedure
Example
In a grain size measurement of an aluminum sample, it was
found that there were 56 full grains in the area, and 48 grains
were cut by the circumference of the circle of area 1 in2.
Calculate ASTM grain size number n for this sample.
Solution
The grains cut by the circumference of the circle are taken as
one-half the number. Therefore,
N 56 48
2
56 24 80 2n 1
But n ln N 1
ln 2
n ln 80 1
ln 2
4.38 0.69
1 7.35