GMAT SC Concepts Part 2 - Comparisons (Sandeep Gupta)

Ultimate
SC Strategies
for the GMAT
Part 2
by Sandeep Gupta, founder Top-One-Percent GMAT
sandeepgupta01@gmail.com
+919739561394
© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

PLEASE TAKE CARE:
For solutions to any question
on any slide, refer to the
NOTES portion of the
respective slide at the
bottom.
SC Type 2 Errors: Comparisons

Illogical Comparisons (Apples
and Oranges)
• The damage done by the flood was worse than
the fire.
• The girl's teeth were prettier than the boy.
• Education Hall is older than any building on
campus.

Watch out for Comparison Signals
We must maintain parallelism in all such cases

•
Comparison Words Parallelism



Clause || clause comparison
1. The blue dress looks more flattering on Jenny than the red
one.
2. Three times more students attended the prom this year than
last year.
3. Covering the floors with tiles costs twice as much as linoleum.
4. The tycoon contributed more to the candidate’s campaign

than anyone else in the industry.
5. Sam was away on vacation longer than his friends.

Two or more…

• While comparing 2, use the comparative form… greater, better,
More examples…
• Mary is the wealthier of the three musicians.
• In many respects, George Bush and George W. Bush

had the same political agenda, but the younger Bush,
who was able to pass more legislation, had the most
cooperative Congress.
• Completed sometime between 480 and 450 B.C., the

play Oedipus Rex by Sophocles is much more
foreboding than sixteenth century William Shakespeare.

Usage of Just as… so / as if
Just like is wrong on the GMAT

The correct expression is Just as
The correct connector pair is just as … so OR just as …. so too
Also, between like and as if / as though, the GMAT prefers as if /

as though.
• Just LIKE swimming is good exercise, skiing is a great

way to burn calories.
• It seems like the St. Louis Cardinals are going to lose

again.

Like V/s As
© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com

• When +919739561394
comparing Actions,
NOUNS,trends,
use likeuse as
RULES for Like versus As:
LIKE is used to compare 2 nouns

LIKE is used in Hypothetical situations
“Like” followed by a VERB is always wrong...

So “Like I said...” will be wrong usage as per the GMAT... ‘said’ is
a verb... it cannot be followed by LIKE.
AS is used to compare actions / verbs / clauses / trends /

prepositional phrases
AS is used to denote real situations
AS is used to denote designations / roles / functions / jobs /

professions etc

Exercise (Like V/s As)
1. I look as my brother.
2. (As / like) a doctor, she earns a lot of respect.
3. The nurse performed the emergency surgery (as / like) a doctor.
4. As a detective, Andrea solved the puzzle.
5. The fountain sounds as a bubbling brook.
6. Like I mentioned earlier, the test date has been moved up.
7. My dog is very skittish, like you might expect a rescued animal to be.
8. This wall acts (as / like) a buffer.
9. My cooler cools (as / like) an air-conditioner.
10. This window creaks (as / like) a giant door.
11. He jumped (as / like) a clown.

Exercise (Like V/s As)
1. The sliding roof closes as a dome.
2. As with other children in her neighborhood who were home-schooled,

Joan sometimes missed being in a classroom with her peers.
3. 2006, like 2005, was a prosperous year.
4. As in 2005, property values rose in 2006 as well.
5. In the final innings he played like a champion.
6. Owning a car is still Dan’s goal, like that of his parents when they were his
age.

Between like and such as, the GMAT prefers such as
• According to a survey conducted by the school administration,

incoming seniors planning to attend college prefer not only
rigorous courses, like honors and advanced placement
courses, to those that require less work, but also science and
math courses to those in the humanities.
• It was not long after the 1930s commenced that baritone

singers like Bing Crosby and Russ Columbo contributed to the
popularization of a type of romantic, soothing singing that came
to be called “crooning.”

1. Unlike her brother Simon, who follows a low-fat, vegetarian diet
and exercises regularly, Helga's diet consists mostly of donuts and
cheeseburgers, and she refuses to work out.
2. One reason that eighty percent of the toys sold in the United
States are manufactured in China is that the wages of American
workers are thirty times higher than China.
3. Like the elf owl, the nests of the Gila woodpecker are built in
saguaro cacti in the Sonoran Desert.
4. My mother's chocolate cream pie is easier to prepare and tastes
better than Martha Stewart.
5. Leonard's mixed feelings about leaving home are like many other
college freshmen: he craves more freedom but he fears more
responsibility.
6. Although both leopards and jaguars are spotted felines known for
their strength and swiftness, the jaguar is the strongest and
fastest of the two big cats.

1. Unlike Martha Stewart, who uses pork to make chili, my mother's chili is made
with beef.
2. Eating dinner in Spain is not like the United States: Americans typically eat
dinner around 6:00 p.m., but Spaniards eat dinner after 9:00 p.m., often close to
midnight.
3. Professor Ogletree selected Monique as his research assistant because she was
the most experienced of the two candidates.
4. Burger Boy's new advertising campaign boasts that the hamburgers at Burger
Boy are Juicier, fresher, and more nutritious than Burger World.
5. The owners spent over $150,000 to remodel their restaurant so that the tables
in the back of the room would become as desirable as, if not more desirable
than, the front of the room.
6. Jim Bob was relieved that the school district sent all of his truancy notices to
his mother, whose punishments were always shorter and less severe than his
father.
7. Of the three most widely used grammar guides, Jane Straus's Blue Book of
Grammar and Punctuation is more clearly written and easier to use.

Comparisons Mixed-bag Practice
– GMAT style Questions

1. Unlike Mozart, whose funeral was sparsely attended being buried in an
unmarked common grave, Beethoven’s was attended by more than thirty-
thousand mourners and his final resting place lies in a famous Vienna
cemetery near the graves of Schubert and Brahms.
A. being buried in an unmarked common grave, Beethoven’s was attended by
more than thirty-thousand mourners and his final resting place lies in a
famous Vienna cemetery near the graves of Schubert and Brahms
B. being buried in an unmarked common grave, Beethoven’s funeral was
attended by about thirty-thousand mourners and his final resting place was
near the graves of Schubert and Brahms in a famous Vienna cemetery
C. and he was buried in an unmarked common grave, Beethoven was given a
funeral attended by more than thirty-thousand mourners and his final resting
place lies near the graves of Schubert and Brahms in a famous Vienna
cemetery
D. and who was buried in an unmarked common grave, Beethoven’s funeral was
attended by more than thirty-thousand mourners and his final resting place
lies in a famous Vienna cemetery near the graves of Schubert and Brahms
E. and who was buried in an unmarked common grave, Beethoven was given a
funeral attended by more than thirty-thousand mourners and lies buried near
the graves of Schubert and Brahms in a famous Vienna cemetery

2. Based on recent box office receipts, the public's
appetite for documentary films, like nonfiction books,
seems to be on the rise.
A. like nonfiction books
B. as nonfiction books
C. as its interest in nonfiction books
D. like their interest in nonfiction books
E. like its interest in nonfiction books

3. More than thirty years ago Dr. Barbara McClintock, the
Nobel Prize winner, reported that genes can "jump," as
pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to
another.
A. as pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to
another
B. like pearls moving mysteriously from one necklace to
another
C. as pearls do that move mysteriously from one
necklace to others
D. like pearls do that move mysteriously from one
necklace to others
E. as do pearls that move mysteriously from one
necklace to some other one

4. Archaeologists have shown that ingesting lead in
drinking water was a significant health hazard for the
ancient Romans, like that of modern Americans.
A. like that of modern Americans
B. as that for modern Americans
C. just as modern Americans do
D. as do modern Americans
E. as it is for modern Americans

5. Like many of his contemporaries did, Bob Dylan
wrote songs that became anthems for a generation
of antiwar activists.
A. Like many of his contemporaries did, Bob Dylan
wrote songs
B. Bob Dylan wrote songs like many of his
contemporaries
C. As did many of his contemporaries, Bob Dylan wrote
songs
D. Like the songs of his contemporaries, Bob Dylan
wrote songs
E. As did many of Bob Dylan’s contemporaries, he
wrote songs
6. Proponents of artificial intelligence say they will be able to make
computers that can understand English and other human languages,
recognize objects, and reason as an expert does—computers that will
be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns, deciding whether to
authorize a loan, or other purposes such as these.
A. as an expert does—computers that will be used to diagnose equipment
breakdowns, deciding whether to authorize a loan, or other purposes
such as these
B. as an expert does, which may be used for purposes such as diagnosing
equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize a loan
C. like an expert—computers that will be used for such purposes as
diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize a
loan
D. like an expert, the use of which would be for purposes like the diagnosis
of equipment breakdowns or the decision whether or not a loan should
be authorized
E. like an expert, to be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns, deciding
whether to authorize a loan or not, or the like

7. During the rule of Emperor Claudius, which was known for his military
expeditions against the German tribes of the Chauci and Catti, the
population of ancient Rome exceeded any city in the Roman Empire.
A. which was known for his military expeditions against the German
tribes of the Chauci and Catti, the population of ancient Rome
exceeded any
B. known for his military expeditions against the German tribes of the
Chauci and Catti, the population of ancient Rome was exceeded by no
other
C. known for his military expeditions against the German tribes of the
Chauci and Catti, the population of ancient Rome exceeded that of
any
D. known for his military expeditions against the German tribes of the
Chauci and Catti, ancient Rome exceeded any
E. known for his military expeditions against the German tribes of the
Chauci and Catti, the population of ancient Rome exceeded that of
any other

8. Studies of test scores show that watching
television has a markedly positive effect on
children whose parents speak English as a
second language, as compared to those who
are native English speakers.
A. to those who are
B. with children who are
C. with
D. to those whose parents are
E. with children whose parents are
9. While Jackie Robinson was a Brooklyn
Dodger, his courage in the face of physical
threats and verbal attacks was not unlike that
of Rosa Parks, who refused to move to the
back of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama.
A. not unlike that of Rosa Parks, who refused
B. not unlike Rosa Parks, who refused
C. like Rosa Parks and her refusal
D. like that of Rosa Parks for refusing
E. as that of Rosa Parks, who refused

10. Teratomas are unusual forms of cancer because they
are composed of tissues such as tooth and bone not
normally found in the organ in which the tumor
appears.
A. because they are composed of tissues such as tooth
and bone
B. because they are composed of tissues like tooth and
bone that are
C. because they are composed of tissues, like tooth and
bone, tissues
D. in that their composition, tissues such as tooth and
bone, is
E. in that they are composed of tissues such as tooth and
bone, tissues

11. As business grows more complex, students majoring in
specialized areas like those of finance and marketing
have been becoming increasingly successful in the job
market.
A. majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and
marketing have been becoming increasingly
B. who major in such specialized areas as finance and
marketing are becoming more and more
C. who majored in specialized areas such as those of
finance and marketing are being increasingly
D. who major in specialized areas like those of finance
and marketing have been becoming more and more
E. having majored in such specialized areas as finance
and marketing are being increasingly

12.Like in 2004, car sales to first-time buyers as often, if
not more often than, to return customers buoyed the
economy this January.
A. Like in 2004, car sales to first-time buyers as often, if
not more often than, to return customers buoyed
B. Like in 2004, first-time buyers bought cars as often, if
not more often than, return customers and that buoyed
C. As in 2004, car sales to first-time buyers as often as, if
not more often than, to return customers and it buoyed
D. As in 2004, first-time buyers bought cars as often as, if
not more often than, return customers, buoying
E. As in 2004, car sales to first-time buyers as often, if not
more often than, to return customers buoyed

13. Unlike most other species of cat, regardless of being
domesticated or not, the claws of the cheetah are not
retractable and so it is more like a dog in that way.
A. regardless of being domesticated or not, the claws of the
cheetah are not retractable and so it is more like a dog in that
way
B. domestic or wild, the cheetah does not have retractable claws
and so is more like a dog in that respect
C. regardless of domestication or not, the cheetah's claws are not
retractable and so it more like a dog in that respect
D. domestic or wild, the claws of the cheetah are not retractable
and so it is more like a dog in that way
E. domestic or wild, the cheetah does not have retractable claws
and so they are more like a dog's in that respect

14. Today, despite widely available technology such as high-resolution scanners and
printers, counterfeiting is more difficult than it was at the time of the Civil War,
when it was estimated that one-third of all currency in circulation was counterfeit.
A. Today, despite widely available technology such as high-resolution scanners and
printers, counterfeiting is more difficult than it was at the time of the Civil War, when
it was estimated that one-third of all currency in circulation was counterfeit.
B. Despite widely available technology such as high-resolution scanners and printers
today, counterfeiting is more difficult than it was at the time of the Civil War, when it
was estimated that one-third of all currency in circulation was counterfeit.
C. Despite widely available technology such as high-resolution scanners and printers,
counterfeiting is more difficult than at the time of the Civil War, when it was
estimated that one-third of all currency in circulation was counterfeit. TODAY?
D. Today, despite widely available technology such as high-resolution scanners and
printers, counterfeiting is more difficult than when it was estimated that one-third of
all currency in circulation was counterfeit at the time of the Civil War.
E. Today, because of widely available technology such as high-resolution scanners and
printers, counterfeiting is more difficult than it was at the time of the Civil War, when
it was estimated that one-third of all currency in circulation was counterfeit.

15. Unlike lions and tigers, which can be roaring by causing its
hyoid bones to vibrate, domestic cats have fixed hyoid bones
and are therefore unable to roar.
A. which can be roaring by causing its hyoid bones to vibrate,
domestic cats
B. which can roar by causing their hyoid bones to vibrate,
domestic cats
C. who can roar by causing their hyoid bones to vibrate, domestic
cats differently
D. who can roar by causing its hyoid bones to vibrate, domestic
cats
E. of which the hyoid bones vibrate to cause a roar, domestic
cats

16. Because its military is larger and more technologically
sophisticated than Japan, the United States shoulders
much of the burden for patrolling and protecting the
shipping lanes of the West Pacific.
A. its military is larger and more technologically
sophisticated than Japan
B. their military is larger and more technologically
sophisticated than Japan
C. their military is larger and more technologically
sophisticated than that of Japan
D. its military is larger and more technologically
sophisticated than Japan’s
E. its military has been larger and more technologically
sophisticated than those of Japan

17. Numerous studies have shown that the income levels of
working adults who were students of average academic ability
often surpass the income levels of those adults who were once
students of exceptional academic abilities.
A. the income levels of those adults who were once students of
exceptional academic abilities
B. those of adults who had been exceptionally able students
academically
C. those of adults who were students of exceptional academic
ability
D. adults who were students of exceptional academic ability
E. the incomes of adults who had been students of exceptional
academic ability

18. Because of less availability and greater demand for scientific
research, platinum remains consistently expensive, like gold.
A. Because of less availability and greater demand for scientific
research, platinum remains consistently expensive, like gold.
B. Because of less availability and increased demand for scientific
research, platinum remains consistently expensive, like that of
gold.
C. Because of decreased availability and increased demand in
scientific research, platinum remains expensive, like gold.
D. Because of decreased availability and increased demand for
scientific research, platinum remains expensive, like gold.
E. Because of decreased availability and greater demand in
scientific research, platinum remains at a consistently high
price, like that of gold.

19. One study found that although government policy and the
industrial sector in which a company operates can influence its
productivity and financial strength, management decisions
have at least as great an impact on a company’s performance.
A. management decisions have at least as great an impact
B. decisions by management have a great impact
C. manager decisions impact greatly
D. decisions by a company’s management impact greatly
E. what a company’s management decides has a greater impact

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© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

3. Covering the floors with tiles costs twice as much as linoleum.

4. The tycoon contributed more to the candidate’s campaign

5. Sam was away on vacation longer than his friends.

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

• In many respects, George Bush and George W. Bush

• Completed sometime between 480 and 450 B.C., the

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

Just like is wrong on the GMAT

Also, between like and as if / as though, the GMAT prefers as if /

• Just LIKE swimming is good exercise, skiing is a great

• It seems like the St. Louis Cardinals are going to lose

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com

LIKE is used to compare 2 nouns

“Like” followed by a VERB is always wrong...

AS is used to compare actions / verbs / clauses / trends /

AS is used to denote real situations

AS is used to denote designations / roles / functions / jobs /

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

2. As with other children in her neighborhood who were home-schooled,

3. 2006, like 2005, was a prosperous year.

4. As in 2005, property values rose in 2006 as well.

5. In the final innings he played like a champion.

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

• According to a survey conducted by the school administration,

• It was not long after the 1930s commenced that baritone

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

© Sandeep Gupta, Top-One-Percent GMAT sandeepgupta01@gmail.com +919739561394

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