SUMMARY OF KEY

CONCEPTS
Cosmology is the understanding of the origin,
evolution, structure, and fate of the universe

Since Ancient times, people have pondered

about the beginning, structure and fate of the
universe . Some views have claimed that the
universe had an origin and is finite: some
have proposed that the universe is timeless
and infinite.
Einstein’s Theory of the universe would
later lead to the development of the Big
Bang Theory, the most widely accepted
recent theory of the universe

According to the Big Bang Theory , the

universe is 13.7 billion years old.
The solar system formed during the era of the
galaxies . The solar system is 4.5 billion years
old.
The Earth is 4.53 billion years old. When the
planet was about 3 million years old, the earliest
life-forms started to appear.

The Earth consists of subsystems that are

interrelated , namely the geosphere,hydrosphere,
atmosphere ,cryosphere and biosphere