INTRODUCTION

UNIVERSE
The study of the universe is one of the oldest disciplines in
physical sciences.
In Philosophy it is called “cosmology” which discussed the
existence and the essence of the universe.
Scientists have already laid the foundation of astronomical
sciences from the Big Bang theory to Quantum physics then, all of
these are interrelated in studying the natural phenomena in the
universe.
 The main focus of this chapter is the solar system which as
inhabited by people over a billion years ago.
One of the very interesting parts in studying physical sciences is
the study of the universe. Nowadays, there are numerous details in
studying the universe as a whole.
The universe is comprised of the galaxies, stars, planets, spaces,
blackholes, interstellar vacuums, quantum and the like.It may be a
place where “cosmos” are living.
THEORIES OF THE
UNIVERSE
 1.Big Bang Theory
- Itis explained as a big ball of
fire that exploded where the
fragments became galaxies,
asteroids, meteors and even
planets.
- It is popularized by Georges
Lamaitre in 1927 which can be
one of the most popular
theories in cosmological history.
- The concept of “ ever
expanding universe” probably is
widely accepted by the scientists
nowadays.
- Fred Hoyle, a British
astronomer also coined the term
“big-bang” in 1949 stating that a
certain mass exploded which
created numerous systems, stars
and planets.
 2. Planetisimal Theory
- This theory exist to explain
that the cosmic dust travelled
through the outer space
where it collided with other
dust which later created
protoplanets or planetoids.
This is another explanation of
how the solar system exist.
 3.Nebular Theory
- In this theory, there are big
nebulae which collided with
another nebulae forming the
stars and even the solar
system.
-This theory is also widely
accepted by astronomers
and cosmologist.
 4.Cosmic Theory

- It is much related to the

planetisimal theory in
the sense of the presence
of the cosmic dust which
formed stars, galaxies,
meteors, asteroids and
even planets.
 5.Quantum Theory

- It is all about space and time. Two proponents of this

theory were Neils Bohr and Max Planck.
According to this theory, motion is another form of the
universe wherein atoms and sub-atomic particles
travelled freely. Moreover it is applicable to mechanics
which is more being observed by most scientist.
6.Pulsating Theory ( Ever Expanding Universe)
- It is described as the “ continual process of expanding
universe” where the universe expanded according to
age and time.
-The more age and time, the more expansion ill be
generated.
- Two proponents of this theory were Albert Einstein
and Alexander Freidman. It contradicts the steady state
theory where space is static against dynamic in
pulsating theory.
 7.Steady State Theory

- This theory is a contradiction of ever expanding

universe theory in the sense that it explains that the
universe is stagnant or fixed.
-Some proponents explained that it is also associated
with the ever expanding universe, so it can be
hypothetically correct.
 BIBLICAL BASIS OF THE UNIVERSE
The Bible discusses also the beginnings of the universe.
It is said that the beginning of the universe was created
by God when it said that -”In the beginning, God
created the heavensand the earth” (Genesis 1:1). It is
widely accepted that God designed the universe
according to his isdom (Proverbs 4:7). The very essence
of biblical basis is that - God created everything and
everything is subject to His authority. Aside from the
theories as explained, the Bible discussed the creation
rather than evolution.
 BIBLICAL BASIS OF THE
UNIVERSE

The Bible discusses also the

beginnings of the universe. It is
said that the beginning of the
universe was created by God
when it said that -”In the
beginning, God created the
heavens and the earth” (Genesis
1:1).
 It is widely accepted that
God designed the universe
according to his isdom
(Proverbs 4:7). The very essence
of biblical basis is that - God
created everything and
everything is subject to His
authority. Aside from the
theories as explained, the Bible
discussed the creation rather
than evolution.
 THE THEORY OF
EVOLUTION
and
CHARLES DARWIN
The evolution theory was popularized by
Charles Darwin (1809-882) when he
wrote the - Origin of the Species by
Means of Natural Selection wherein he
discussed the transmutation of the
species probably from “unicellular to
multi cellular organisms”. His theory
shocked the world of natural science.
See Next Topic ....
(SOLAR SYSTEM)