SMALL SIGNAL HYBRID- EQUIVALENT

CIRCUIT OF BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR

• Need to develop a small-signal equivalent circuit -- use
hybrid- model because is closely related to the physic of
transistor.
• Treat transistor as two-port network.

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SMALL SIGNAL HYBRID- EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
OF BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR
2-PORT SYSTEM

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SMALL SIGNAL HYBRID-Π EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT
OF BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR CONT..

• Based on 2-port network, 1 input port and 1 output port

shorted together to form a common port of both input and
output.
• Transistor has input and output ports shorted (emitter)
resulting a small-signal 2-port hybrid- π network.
• Figure shows iB vs. vBE with
small-time varying signal
superimposed at Q-pt.

• Since sinusoidal signals are

small, the slope at Q-pt treated
as a constant, has units of
conductance.

• The inverse of this conductance

is small-signal resistance, rπ

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• We can relate small-signal input base current to small-signal input
voltage by:

v be  i b r
• Finding rπ from Q-point slope lead to:

v be VT  VT
 r  
ib I BQ I CQ

• rπ also known as diffusion resistance and is a function of Q-point

parameters. VT is known as thermal voltage. 5