L A B O R AT O R Y

ESSENTIALS

PROTOCOL | EQUIPMENT | AND USES

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 “ W I T H O UT LA B O R ATO R I E S ,
MEN OF SCIENCE ARE
SOLDIERS WITHOUT ARMS
- Louis pastuer
“
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 GENERAL LAB
SAFETY RULES

1. Be sure to read all fire alarm and safety signs and follow the
i n s t r u c t i o n s i n t h e e v e n t o f a n a c c i d e n t o r e m e r g e n c y.

2. Ensure you are fully

evacuation procedures. 
aware of your facility's/building's

Make sure you know where your lab's safety

3. equipment—including first aid kit(s), fire
extinguishers, eye wash stations, and safety
showers—is located and how to properly use it

Know emergency phone numbers to use to call

4. for help in case of an emergency
GENERAL LAB
SAFETY RULES
5. Lab areas containing carcinogens, radioisotopes,
biohazards, and lasers should be properly marked
with the appropriate warning signs.

6. Open flames should never be used in the

laboratory unless you have permission from  a
qualified supervisor

7. Always work in properly-ventilated areas. 

Do not chew gum, drink, or eat while

8. working in the lab.

9. Laboratory glassware should never be

utilized as food or beverage containers. .
 GENERAL LAB
SAFETY RULES

10. Do not work alone in the lab.

11 . Never leave an ongoing experiment unattended.

12. Never use lab equipment that you are not approved or
trained by your supervisor to operate. 

If an instrument or piece of equipment fails during use,

13. o r i s n ' t o p e r a t i n g p r o p e r l y, r e p o r t t h e i s s u e t o a
t e c h n i c i a n r i g h t a w a y. N e v e r t r y t o r e p a i r a n e q u i p m e n t
problem on your own.

If you are the last person to leave the lab, make sure to
14. lock all the doors and turn off all ignition sources.
 CURIOUS ? ?
W H AT I F W E
DON’T FOLLOW THE RULES
DO N O T I M I TAT E !

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 D O N O T I M I TAT E !

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 L A B O R AT O R Y S A F E T Y
EQUIPMENT
WAT C H O U T F O R S P I L L A G E !

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CHEMICAL APRON
Chemical resistant rubberized apron
used to protect clothing

GOGGLES
Protective equipment to protect the eyes
from liquids or toxic fumes
L A B C O AT
Provides substantial barrier protection and shields
your torso and arms from coming into direct
contact with hazardous substances in the
laboratory

H E AT R E S I S TA N T
GLOVES
Used to handle hot glassware or
other hot lab equipment
 PPE MASK
Masks should be worn when making solutions and
cleaning up small spills. This is to
avoid inhaling toxic fumes or
small particles in the lab.

HAIRNET
We a r i n g t h e m c a n p r e v e n t h u m a n
hair from contaminating the samples 
 GLASS & CERAMIC
A P PA R AT U S
H A N D L E M AT E R I A L S W I T H C A R E !

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 BEAKER
G l a s s c o n t a i n e r, m o s t a r e p y r e x ; c o m m o n
sizes are 100 ml, 25 ml, 400 ml; it can be
u s e d a s a c o n t a i n e r, s h o w s a p p r o x i m a t e
volume, and may be heated

ERLENMEYER
FLASK
Container; common sizes are 125 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml;
may be heated; it has a thin neck and a wide base;
used to hold liquids when carrying out reactions and
preparing solutions
FLORENCE
FLASK
Used to hold liquids when carrying out
reactions (no heat use flat-bottomed; even
heating required use round-bottomed)

G R A D U AT E D
CYLINDER
Marked with milliliter (ml) scale and is used to
measure volume
 TEST TUBES
Glassware that comes in many sizes; it has many
uses and can be heated

VOLUMETRIC
FLASK
Used when mixing accurate concentrations of
solutions. Each flask has a volume marking which is
very exact and can be stoppered
BURETTE
It is marked with a milliliter scale and
fitted with a stopcock; can be used to
withdraw and measure accurate volumes o
solutions in titrations
 M O R TA R &
PESTLE
Heavy porcelain dish with grinder;
used to grind chemicals to a powder

FUNNEL
Made of glass or plastic; used to hold a
filter paper and can be used in pouring
(to avoid spills)
 CRUCIBLE & COVER
Made of porcelain; used to heat small amounts of
solid substances that are being heated strongly at
high temperatures

E VA P O R AT I N G
DISH
Porcelain dish; used to hold a solution whose solvent
is being separated from the solvent by evaporation
(often using heat)
 S P O T P L AT E S
Plastic or ceramic reaction surfaces
with slight “dips” for containing
small amounts of chemicals

W E L L P L AT E S
Small plate with several wells; used for reacting
small amounts of chemicals
WAT C H G L A S S
Curved glass; may be used as a
beaker cover or for evaporating very
small amounts of liquid
 S U B S TA N C E H A N D L I N G
A P PA R AT U S
TRANSFERING LIQUIDS AND MORE!

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 BEAKER TONGS
Metal with rubber ends;
used to handle hot beakers

CRUCIBLE TONGS
Metal utility tongs used for hot crucibles;
spring-like jaws with a jaw opening
 C L AY T R I A N G L E
Tri a ngu la r wire fra me wi th c la y ma t e ri a l
coverings; used to support a crucible

BUNSEN BURNER
A metal heating device connected to a gas outlet with
rubber tubing; used to heat chemicals in beakers or
test tubes; has adjustable air-hole allowing some
control of temperature
THERMOMETER
Made of glass and filled with a red
or blue liquid (usually alcohol);
used to determine temperature

STIRRING ROD
Made of glass; used to stir
combinations of materials
DROPPER
Glass tip with a rubber bulb; used to
transfer small amounts of liquids

PIPETTE
Glass tip with a rubber bulb; used to
transfer small amounts of liquids
S PAT U L A
Made of metal; has a flat rounded
end and a rectangular end; used to
transfer solid chemicals

STRIKER
Made of metal and has a flint; used
to ignite the Bunsen burner

SCOOPULA
Made of metal; used to transfer
solid chemicals
 H E AV Y O R D I G I TA L
A P PA R AT U S
CARRY AND USE WITH CAUTION!

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 ELECTROMAGNETIC
BALANCE
Used for quick, accurate massing

E-BURETTE
MICROLIT E-BURETTE is a state-of-the-art Motor Operated
B u r e t t e w i t h s o p h i s t i c a t e d f e a t u r e s a n d f u n c t i o n a l i t y.
Motor Controlled Piston Movement, a touch screen enabled
Control Panel with Graphical User Interface (GUI), and 3
Calibrated Pre-Set Speeds to perform highly accurate titrations.
 TRIPLE BEAM
BALANCE
Used for determining the mass, in grams, of a
chemical or object
 H O T P L AT E
Used for heating substances and
liquids in beakers and flasks

MICROSCOPE
instrument that produces enlarged images of small objects,
allowing the observer an exceedingly close view of minute
structures at a scale convenient for examination and analysis.
 HOMOGENIZER
Function as mixers that reduce particle size or force
immiscible liquids to mix. Pressure imparted on a
product by the homogenizer is largely determined by
pump pressure or flow diversion through valves and
nozzles.

CENTRIFUGE
used to separate particles suspended in a liquid
a c c o r d i n g t o p a r t i c l e s i z e a n d d e n s i t y, v i s c o s i t y
of the medium, and rotor speed.