VENN DIAGRAM

by Teacher Haita
Objectives
The learner…

- describe a Venn Diagram

- use a Venn diagram to represent sets, subsets,
and set operations
- solves problems involving sets with the use of Venn
Diagram
 1. Badminton U Basketball = { Kobe, Mike, Drew, Tristan }

2. Badminton ∩ Basketball = { Kobe }

 Classify the games in the universal set as indoor physical and/or
outdoor physical games.

Set of Games
U Outdoor
Indoor
basketball volleyball Physical Physical
table tennis Games
Games

video games
soccer billiards

baseball

U ={ }
Since basketball and volleyball can be played both indoor and outdoor,
they fit in the intersection or overlap of the two circles.

U Indoor Outdoor
Physical Physical
Games Games
Mathematician John Venn introduced the concept of representing the sets
pictorially by means of closed geometrical figures called Venn diagrams.
In Venn diagrams, the universal Set (U) is represented most often by a
rectangle and all other sets under consideration by circles within the
rectangle.

What is a Venn diagram?

A Venn diagram is an illustration of the relationships between and among

sets, groups of objects that share something in common.
 EXAMPLE
1. A =S{ mango, green apple, guava } and B = { banana, lemon, mango }

Since there is a common element which is mango, we will use

overlapping circles to emphasize the intersection of Set A and Set B.

U
A B
 EXAMPLE
2. C =S{ }

D={ }

Since there is a common element which are square and pentagon, we will
use overlapping circles to emphasize the intersection of Set C and Set D.

U
C D
 EXAMPLE
S
3. E = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 } and F = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Since there is a common element which are 2 and 4, we will use

overlapping circles to emphasize the intersection of Set E and Set F.

U
E F

6 2 1
8 3
4
10 5
 We can represent sets, subsets and set
operations using a Venn Diagram.

Remember:
A rectangle is used to represent a universal set.
Circles are used to represent sets or other subsets of the universal set.

1. Set and Subset using Venn diagram

U Set B is a subset of set
A A since it is inside the
circle of the set. Thus
1 B the elements of B are
also the elements of set
3 2 4 A.
 
5
 We can represent sets, subsets and set
operations using a Venn Diagram.

1. Set and Subset using Venn diagram

U
A
Therefore,
1 B
set A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } and
3 2 4 set B = { 2, 4 }.
5

What is Set ∪? ____________________________

 We can represent sets, subsets and set
operations using a Venn Diagram.

Remember:
A rectangle is used to represent a universal set.
Circles are used to represent sets or other subsets of the universal set.

1. Set and Subset using Venn diagram

U Set D is a subset of set
C C since it is inside the
circle of the set . Thus,
D the elements of D are
also the elements of set
C.
 
 We can represent sets, subsets and set
operations using a Venn Diagram.

1. Set and Subset using Venn diagram

U
C
Therefore,
D
set C = { }

set D = { }.

Set U = { }

What is Set ∪? ______________________________

Set operations using Venn Diagrams.
There are five best friends. Mike, Kobe U
and Drew can play badminton. Tristan
and Kobe can play basketball. Mae is the A B
referee.
Mike
Kobe Tristan
Drew

The players of badminton are named as Set

A and the players of basketball as Set B

1. Badminton U Basketball = { Kobe, Mike, Drew, Tristan}

2. Badminton ∩ Basketball = { Kobe }
MUN

M∩N
M-N
M’
U-M
What’s More?
Directions: Given the Venn diagram below, find the following:
Assessment
SOLVING PROBLEMS
INVOLVING SETS
   Why solving problem is important?

Problem solving develops mathematical power. It

gives students the tools to apply their mathematical
knowledge to solve hypothetical and real
world problems. Problem solving is enjoyable. It
allows students to work at their own pace and make
decisions about the way they explore the problem.
 Venn diagram word problems generally give you two or
three sets and group of elements. You then have to use the
given information to fill in the diagram and figure out the
remaining information.  

It is extremely important to:

 Read the word problem carefully and note down all the key
information.
 Know the standard parts of a Venn Diagram
 Work in a step by step manner
 Check at the end, that all numbers are added up properly
 VENN DIAGRAM WITH TWO CIRCLES_
A 2-circle Venn diagram is a visual way to show relationship among sets using two circles.
 Example 1

In a class of 30 students, 18 students have gadgets, 13 students have

internet connection and 10 students have both gadgets and internet
connection. How many students do not have any of the two?

Students who have GADGETS

Students who have INTERNET CONNECTION

GADGETS:18 INTERNET: 13
Step 1
I draw my universal set for the
forty students, with two
overlapping circles labelled
with the total in each set.
 Example 1

In a class of 30 students, 18 students have gadgets, 13 students have

internet connection and 10 students have both gadgets and internet
connection. How many students do not have any of the two?

Students who have GADGETS

Students who have INTERNET CONNECTION

GADGETS:18 INTERNET: 13

Step 2
students have both gadgets and 10
internet connection, so I put
“10” in the overlap.
 Example 1

In a class of 30 students, 18 students have gadgets, 13 students have

internet connection and 10 students have both gadgets and internet
connection. How many students do not have any of the two?

Students who have GADGETS

Students who have INTERNET CONNECTION
Step 3
I have now accounted for 10 of GADGETS:18 INTERNET: 13

the students who have gadgets,

leaving 8 students who have
8 10
gadgets but do not have
internet connection, so I put
"8" in the "Gadgets only" part
of the "Gadgets" circle.
 Example 1

In a class of 30 students, 18 students have gadgets, 13 students have

internet connection and 10 students have both gadgets and internet
connection. How many students do not have any of the two?

Students who have GADGETS

Students who have INTERNET CONNECTION

GADGETS:18 INTERNET: 13
Step 4
I have also accounted for ten of the 13
students who have internet
connection, leaving 3 students who 8 10 3
have internet connection but do not
have gadgets, so I put "3" in the
"Internet only" part of the "Internet"
circle.
 Example 1

In a class of 30 students, 18 students have gadgets, 13 students have

internet connection and 10 students have both gadgets and internet
connection. How many students do not have any of the two?

Students who have GADGETS

Students who have INTERNET CONNECTION

Step 5 GADGETS:18 INTERNET: 13

This tells me that 8 + 10 + 3 = 21,
21 students have gadgets or
internet (or both). This also leaves 9
8 10 3
students unaccounted for, so they
must be the ones taking neither
gadgets nor internet. I put "9" inside 9
the universal set, but outside the two
circles.
8 + 10 + 3 = 21
21 students have gadgets or
internet (or both).

Answer:
 There are 9 students who
do not have any of the two.
 Students like Mathematics
Students like English
Example 2

In a class, 20 students like Mathematics: 20 English: 25

Mathematics, 25 like English and 15
like both Mathematics and English.
How many students are there in all?

Step 1

I draw my universal set with

two overlapping circles since
there are two sets.
 Students like Mathematics
Students like English
Exanple 2

In a class, 20 students like Mathematics: 20 English: 25

Mathematics, 25 like English and 15
15
like both Mathematics and English.
How many students are there in all?

Step 2

Fifteen students like both

subjects, so I put “15” in the
overlap
 Students like Mathematics
Students like English
Exanple 2

In a class, 20 students like Mathematics: 20 English: 25

Mathematics, 25 like English and 15
5 15
like both Mathematics and English.
How many students are there in all?

Step 3
I have now accounted 15 students of the
20 students who like Mathematics, leaving
5 students who like Mathematics but not
English, so I put "5" in the "Mathematics
only" part of the "Mathematics" circle.
 Students like Mathematics
Students like English
Exanple 2

In a class, 20 students like Mathematics: 20 English: 25

Mathematics, 25 like English and 15
5 15
like both Mathematics and English. 10
How many students are there in all?
Step 4
I have also accounted 15 students of
the 25 students who like English,
leaving 10 students who like English
but not Mathematics, so I put "10" in
the "English only" part of the
"English" circle.
U=30 5 + 15 + 10 = 30
30 students like Mathematics or
Mathematics: 20 English: 25 English (or both).

5 15
10 Answer:

There are 30 students who like

Mathematics or English.
 VENN DIAGRAM WITH THREE CIRCLES_
A 3-circle Venn diagram is a visual way to show relationship among sets using three circles.
Example 1
Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery
modes they prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students
prefer learning modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional
scenario with the teacher. In addition, 15 students prefer both learning
modules and a face-to-face with the teacher and 2 students prefer online
application and face to face with the teacher.
a. How many students prefer online application only?
b. How many students prefer learning Modules only?
c. How many students prefer face-to-face only?
d. How many students do not prefer any of the three alternative delivery
modes?
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

STEP 1

There are no students who prefer the three

alternative delivery modes, so I put "0" in the
center overlap.
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

STEP 2

Two students prefer online application and face-

to-face, so "2" goes in the rest of the overlap
between “online app” and “face-to-face”
2
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

STEP 3

15 of them prefer modules and face-to-face

learning, so "15" goes in the rest of the overlap
between "modules" and "face-to-face".
2 15
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

STEP 4

Since 31 students prefer online application,

we have  0 + 2 = 2, 2 students have already
been accounted for online application. This
2 15
tells us that there are 29 left for online
12 application to make it 31.
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

STEP 5

Since 29 students prefer face-to-face

29
learning, and we have 0 + 2 + 15 = 17, 17
students have already been accounted for
2 15
face-to-face. This tells us that there are 12
12 left for face-to-face learning.
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

STEP 6

There are 40 students who prefer modules,

29 25 and 15 have already been accounted for.
This tells us that there are 25 left for
2 15
modules.
12
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

= 100 STEP 7

Lastly, 29 + 2 + 15 + 25 +12 = 83, 83

29 25 students have already been accounted for
who prefer the three alternative delivery
2 15
modes from 100 students who were
12 surveyed. For this, there are 17 students
who will not use any of the three
17 alternative delivery modes.
Example 1 Among 100 students who were surveyed of which alternative delivery modes they
prefer: 31 students prefer online application; 40 students prefer learning
modules; 29 students prefer face-to-face or traditional scenario with the teacher. In
addition, 15 students prefer both learning modules and a face-to-face with the
teacher and 2 students prefer online application and face to face with the
teacher.

= 100 a. How many students prefer online application only?

29 students prefer online application only.
b. How many students prefer learning Modules only?
29 25 25 students prefer learning modules only.
c. How many students prefer face-to-face only?
2 15
12 students prefer both online and face-to-face.
12 d. How many students do not prefer any of the three alternative
delivery modes?
17 17 students who do not prefer any of the three
alternative delivery modes
Example 2
Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains -
Greenwich, Jollibee or Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich
a. How many guests liked Mc Donald or Greenwich?
b. How many students liked Mc Donald and Greenwich but not Jollibee?
c. How many students liked Greenwich and Jollibee but not Mc Donald?
d. How many students did not like any of the three fast food chains?
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 1

There were 4 guests who liked the three fast

food chains, so I put "4" in the center overlap
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 2

I have now accounted 4 guests who liked the

three fast food chains leaving 8 guests who
liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s but not
4
Jollibee, so "4" goes in the rest of the overlap
between “Mc Donald’s” and “Greenwich”.
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 3

I have now accounted 4 guests who liked

the three fast food chains leaving 7 guests
who liked Greenwich and Jollibee but
7 4
not Mc Donald’s, so "7" goes in the rest of
the overlap between “Greenwich” and
“Jollibee”.
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 4

3 I have now accounted 4 guests who liked the

three fast food chains leaving 3 guests who
liked Mc Donald’s and Jollibee but not
7 4
Greenwich, so "3" goes in the rest of the
overlap between “Mc Donald’s” and “Jollibee
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 5

3 Since there were 5 guests who liked

Greenwich only, I put “5” on the
7 4 “Greenwich only” part of “Greenwich”
circle. This tells me that 4 + 4 + 7 + 5 = 20,
5 20 guests liked Greenwich.
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 6

3 Since there were 6 guests who liked Mc

6 Donald’s only, I put “6” on the “Mc
7 4 Donald’s only” part of “Mc Donald’s” circle.
This tells me that 3 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 17, 17
5 guests liked Mc Donald’s.
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

STEP 7

3 Since there were 4 guests who liked

4 6
Jollibee only, I put “4” on the “Jollibee
7 4 only” part of “Jollibee” circle. This tells me
that 3 + 4 + 7 + 4 = 18, 18 guests liked
5 Jollibee.
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

= 40 STEP 8

3 Lastly, 4 + 3 + 4 + 7 + 4 + 6 + 5 = 33, 33
4 6
have already been accounted for from the
7 4 40 guests who were surveyed. From this,
there were 7 guests who did not like any of
5 the three fast food chains.

7
 Forty guests were surveyed to find out which of the three fast food chains - Greenwich, Jollibee or
Example 2 Mc Donald’s - they liked. The results are shown as follows:
4 liked Jollibee only 7 liked Jollibee and Mc Donald’s
6 liked Mc Donald’s only 8 liked Greenwich and Mc Donald’s
5 liked Greenwich only 4 liked the three fast food chains
11 liked Jollibee and Greenwich

= 40 a. How many guests liked Mc Donald or Greenwich?

22 guests like Mc Donald’s or Greenwich.
3 b. How many students liked Mc Donald and Greenwich but not Jollibee?
4 6
4 guests like Mc Donald’s and Greenwich but not Jollibee.
7 4 c. How many students liked Greenwich and Jollibee but not Mc Donald?
7 guests like Greenwich and Jollibee but not Mc Donald.
5
d. How many students did not like any of the three fast food chains?
7 7 guests do not like any of the three fast food chains.
See you next
meeting
Thank you!