Productivity and Quality

Tools

(Oct 20 /21)
 1. PRAYER
2. ANNOUNCEMENT
3. DECISION MAKING - SCIENTIFIC WAY ( DECISION
AGENDA 4.
ANALYSIS)
DECISION MAKING - USING DIFFICULT –TO-
MEASURE CRITERIA
5. A4 (ASSIGNMENT 4)
 ATTENDANCE LAST
MEETING

ANNOUNCEME
NT
REMINDER : ASSIGNMENT
4 IS DUE ON MONDAY
(OCT 25, 2021)
 What is your decision-making
method? Can you describe the
Process?
How do Can you support (in figures) why
you you made such decision?
Decide?
How will you consider ALL the
input data in your decision-
making process?
 • Purpose of the Decision –Making Process : what do
Five (5) you want to achieve at the end
• Criteria – Basis of your decision or how you choose
Information an option
• Weight of each Criteria (how Important is one
you need criteria over the other) ; if you decide as a group,
this has to be agreed by the group

before • Score Based on Criteria– what is the actual data in

relation to criteria, and how do we score them

making a • Policies/ Rules – something that your decision

must abide to (what cannot be done or what must

Decision be done)
 Exercise Using An Example :

Objective : How to Choose an HR GIVEN THE DATA BELOW :

Manager to Hire?
MUST CRITERIA/RULE : MUST BE A DEGREE HOLDER
(ASSUME 1 ONLY )
CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING (ASSUMED) :
• LENGTH OF WORK EXPERIENCE
• EDUCATION RELATED TO HR
• LOVES TO HELP PEOPLE
• RELATED SKILLS
• QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE (NEAR TO HR JOB)
 SAMPLE DATA AND TABLE TO USE
DECISION ANALYSIS WORKSHEET

OBJECTIVE OF THE DECISION ANALYSIS : TO BE ABLE TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT CANDIDATE FOR HR MANAGER'S POSITION

CRITERIA 1 WEIGHT CRITERIA 2 WEIGHT CRITERIA 3 WEIGHT CRITERIA 4 WEIGHT CRITERIA 5 WEIGHT
WORK LOVES TO HELP EXPERIENCE
6 EDUCATION 5 8 SKILLS 8 10 TOTAL
EXPERIENCE PEOPLE ( QUALITY)
DATA POINT DATA POINT DATA POINT DATA POINT DATA POINT
JUAN TEACHING
SCORE
PEDRO LAWYER
SCORE
MARIA CHEM ENGR
SCORE
SONIA PSYCHOLOGY
SCORE
CLARA ACCOUNTANT
SCORE
 Four (4)
Steps in Step 1 Gather all the Five Data Mentioned
• Purpose / Goal ( To Decide on which Option to take)
Making a • Criteria (what needs to be considered)
• Weight of Criteria (from 1-10, what is its weight compared
Calculated to another)
• Score based on criteria (from 1-10, based on actual data,
Decision what is its score)
• Rules : what is not allowed or what is required
Step 2 Prepare and Fill up the form
• Write the Purpose
• Write criteria at the top (see the sample form)
• Write the weight of the each of the criteria)
• Write the name of the candidate Option
• Write the actual score
Step 3 Compute for the Score of each candidate and Total
• Score of candidate * Criteria
 DECISION ANALYSIS WORKSHEET

OBJECTIVE OF THE DECISION ANALYSIS : TO BE ABLE TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT CANDIDATE FOR HR MANAGER'S POSITION

CRITERIA 1 WEIGHT CRITERIA 2 WEIGHT CRITERIA 3 WEIGHT CRITERIA 4 WEIGHT CRITERIA 5 WEIGHT
EXPERIENCE LOVES TO HELP EXPERIENCE
6 EDUCATION 5 8 SKILLS 8 10 TOTAL
(YRS) PEOPLE ( QUALITY)
DATA POINT DATA POINT DATA POINT DATA POINT DATA POINT
JUAN 5 5 TEACHING 8 8 8 7 8 7 7
SCORE 30 40 64 64 70 268 1ST OPTION
PEDRO 3 3 LAWYER 1 3 3 6 3 6 6
SCORE 18 5 24 24 60 131
MARIA 2 2 CHEM ENGR 3 5 5 8 5 5 5
SCORE 12 15 40 40 50 157
SONIA 1 1 PSYCHOLOGY 9 6 6 7 6 6 6
SCORE 30 45 48 48 60 231 2ND OPTION
CLARA 4 4 ACCOUNTANT 3 5 5 5 5 6 6
SCORE 24 15 40 40 60 179
 • Selecting an Employee • Choosing a Computer
Where else • Selecting a company to Work • Choosing a Hobby / Sport
do you use For • Choosing a Career
• Selecting a Supplier /Partner
the Decision • Choosing a Dealer/
• Choosing a House To Buy
• Selecting a Hotel / Resort to
Analysis Distributor visit
• Selecting a Spouse / Friend • Selecting a Car/ Appliance
Method? • Selecting a Warehouse to purchase
• Selecting what career to
• Choosing what problem to
take
solve first
• Selecting what Job To apply
• Choosing what
countermeasure to try first • Etc.
 ASSIGNMENT 4

• Select a decision-making scenario (pick any: like choosing a car,

choosing a dealer etc.), where you have to decide based on certain
well-defined criteria ( 4-6 ) and data (assumed) but realistic. Then use
decision analysis steps arrive at a Decision.
• The objective of this exercise is : you must convince me that you
understand the process.
• Please show in a Table with Decision, with explanation why you arrive
such decision.
• Note: I am not interested in results; focus on convincing me you
understand the decision-making process.
DECISION-
MAKING : USING
DIFFICULT-TO-
MEASURE
CRITERIA
 • We decide based on Certain Criteria .If our
criteria is faulty – the decision we make it also
Faulty.
• Unfortunately, there are criteria that are
difficult to measure.
• Choosing a criteria is usually based on our
In this Case, PARADIGM/ OR PERCEPTION- How we
How do we see/judge things.
• In Operations Management the Criteria we use
decide? are Clear – Effectiveness ( Achieves the Right
Purpose) and Efficiency (Achieve the Purpose
Fast , Cheap and with the right Quality and
Other Measurable Factors)
• HOWEVER , The criteria we use in other areas
are sometimes difficult to establish and
quantify .
Areas where the Criteria is Difficult to
Establish
Feelings
Relations
Leadership
Character
Emotions
Etc.
For example, in selecting
a Leader, What is your
Criteria?
In our relations with other people, my three (3)
common criteria (say for selecting a leader)

1.PRINCIPLES,
VALUES,
CHARACTER
(What I am)

2.COMMITMENT,
FOCUS,EFFICIENT 3.COMPETENCE,
ATTITUDE (What I SKILLS, CAPABILITY
would do) (what I can do)
Character

• While Competence/Skills and Commitment/Attitude are easy to observe,

Character is difficult, often misunderstood by many.

• These are called Primary Greatness.

• Often confused with Secondary Greatness.

 • CHARATER ETHICS • PERSONALITY ETHICS
Example of • The Primary Greatness • The Secondary Greatness
Principles • Honesty/Truthfulness • Attractive Personality
• Integrity/Commitment • Public Image
• Humility/Modesty • Talent
• Patience/Understanding • Communication Skills
• Hard work /Diligence • Power Looks
• Transparency/ Openness • Positive Attitude
• Golden Rule/Fairness • Quick Fix
• Sophistication
Character

• Character is based on one’s adherence to PRINCIPLES.

• Principles are NATURAL LAWS – defined in the BIBLE

• While other Criteria are IMPERFECT – the PRINCIPLES are not. IT IS

PERFECT.
How should we convince others to
follow our Criteria or Paradigm ?

Influence them to Shift Paradigm

  There are times when we need to
respect the perception or view of
other people.
Paradigm  However, when we realize our
Shift paradigm is wrong and must be
changed , then we need to shift
paradigm (or change the way we
see things)
WHAT DO YOU
SEE?

AN OLD LADY OR
A YOUNG WOMAN
?
  Paradigm is a perception that forms a
belief ; how we see things. Two
people may see the same thing but has
different perception or paradigm. We

PARADIGM 
need to accept that fact.
Paradigm is our mental map. If the
(Panan-aw) map is wrong, we’ll get lost. We must
have the right map.
 You are making a Criteria For Making
Decisions
In Summary …

• “ The Right Decision We Have for Others Will only Happen If We Have The
Right Paradigm…”

• The Right Paradigm will give us the Right Decision because it is Based on
Principles or Natural Law – from the Bible.

• When we realize that we have the wrong criteria or paradigm , we need to

shift Paradigm …
When do we SECONDARY GREATNESS PRIMARY GREATNESS

need to Shift 1. Based on Personality 1. Based on Character

Paradigm?... 2. Efficient (Achieved the 2. Effective (achieves the Right
Oftentimes, Purpose Fast, Cheaper, Quality
Results)
Purpose)
3. Uses Inside-out Approach
when we realize 3. Uses Outside-in Approach- (Influence People)
Value More the (Change people) 4. Principle-Centered
4. Different Centers (Family,
Secondary Friends, Church etc.)
5. Corrects the
Paradigm(Influence People)
Greatness Over 5. Corrects the Attitude
/Behavior (Change People)
6. Focuses more on Leadership
the Primary 6. Focuses more on Management
7. Help others get Good
Performance
Greatness 7. Gets Good Performance
 The need to develop
one's capability and
right habits …
STAGE 3 STAGE 2
Question Mark Cash Cow

STAGE 4 STAGE 1

Dogs Rising Star

End of
Session