COMMUNICATION

FOR ACADEMIC
PURPOSES
MODES OF
LEARNING
1.Lectures 6. Tests
2.Seminars 7. Library
3.Tutorials 8. Group
Discussion
4.Assignments
5.Laboratory Activities
 DEVELOPING
INDEPENDENT
LEARNING
STRATEGIES
1. Use memory aids such as
mnemonics to recall key facts.
2. Recite things to yourself in
order to reprint them in your
mind.
3. Discover optimum times for
your study.
4. Find ways of coping with
difficult work.
5. Take note of ergonomic factors
like light, ventilation and seating.

6. Read ahead of lectures.

7. Review work daily, weekly and

monthly.
 TIME
MANAGEMENT
1. Time is an equal opportunity
resource.
2. Time is an usual commodity
that cannot be stockpiled.
3. Time is a non-renewable
resource.
4. Approach time as if you are in
control.
5. set realistic goals.
6. allow flexibility.
7. avoid marathon sessions.
8. set clear start and finishing
times.
9. Plan for the unplanned.
TO BE A GOOD
LISTENER
PRACTICE THE
FOLLOWING
1.Decide to listen first.
2.Try to be quiet.
3.Do not be tempted to make
response before speaker has
finished talking.
4.Maintain eye contact.
5. Remove any physical
barriers
6. Use facial expression and
body position in sending
acknowledgement.
7. Listen beyond words.
OBSTACLES TO
LISTENING
1. Pre-occupation with self or
assuming the role of the
speaker.
2. Preoccupation with external
issues.
3. Leveling
4. Evaluating source
5. Assimilation
6. Friend or foe factor.

7. Hearing what expected

and listening with
prejudice.
POOR LISTENING
HABITS
1.Pseudo-listening
2.Stage hog
3.Selective listening
4.Insulated listening
5.Defensive listening
6.Ambushing
 ADVANTAGES OF
ACTIVE LISTENING
1. Active listening enables us to reflect
on the sense of what the speaker is
saying and feeling.
2. enables us to check on our
understanding .
3. With active listening, we stimulate
the speaker to explore further his or her
feelings and thoughts.
4. It helps to listen to signal words in a
lecture.
 READING
STRATEGIES
1.Preview 5. Recalling
2.Scanning 6. Questioning
3.Skimming 7. Critical Reading
4.Reciting
ASPECTS OF THE
SPEAKER
1. Mastery of the mechanics of
speech.
2. Logical structuring of the
message.
3. Choice of appropriate style.
4. Effective delivery
5. Awareness of the
message’s context.
6. Understanding of the
recipients.
7. Voice quality.
8. Dress and grooming.
 FACTORS IN
CONSIDERING THE
AUDIENCE
1.Choice of topic
2.Number of audience
3.Specialist language
4.Level of education
5.Knowing the group
6.Experience
7. Age
8. Gender
9. Religion
10. Occupation
11. Racial Background
 MODES OF
PRESENTATION
1.Manuscript
2.Impromptu
3.Extemporaneous
4.Memorized