Department of Information Technology

V.R.SIDDHARTHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, VIJAYAWADA

Unsupervised Dimensionality Reduction Techniques For Remote

Sensing Image Classification
Batch No: 9 ( CBCS )

Team members : Guide :

1. L. Sathwik - 188W1A1230. Mr.B.L.N Phaneendra
2. K. Manohar - 188W1A1228. Assistant Professor
3. Y. Raja Ramesh - 188W1A1243.
Revised Problem Statement
Classification of the Hyperspectral Images For Remote Sensing using Unsupervised
Machine Learning Techniques For Dimensionality Reduction

● To find research gap in the existing dimensionality reduction methodologies

● To device a robust algorithm for feature extraction or feature selection techniques
from machine learning approaches for efficient image classification
Datasets and Other Requirements

Dataset’s:
●Indian pines
○ RangeIndex: 21025 entries, 0 to 21024
○ Columns: 201 entries, band1 to class
○ dtypes: uint16(200), uint8(1)
●University of Pavia
○ RangeIndex: 207400 entries, 0 to 207399
○ Columns: 104 entries, band1 to class
○ dtypes: uint16(103), uint8(1)
Datasets and Other Requirements
System Specifications:
● Processor: Intel(R) Core (TM) ie-5005U CPU @ 2.00GHz
● RAM: 2 GB
● System Type: 32-bit/64-bit operating system, x32 or x64 based processor.
● Operating System: Windows 7/8/10.
Software Interface:
● Python IDE like Pycharm, Jupyter Notebook.
Literature Survey
SNO AUTHOR TITLE & YEAR
Boggavarapu L. N. Hyperspectral image
1 Phaneendra Kumar, classification using fuzzy-
Manoharan
Prabukumar
embedded hyperbolic sigmoid
nonlinear principal component
and weighted least squares
approach (2020)
2 David Ruiz Hidalgo, Dimensionality reduction of
Bladimir Bacca Corte hyperspectral images of
´s, Eduardo Caicedo vegetation and crops based on
Bravo self-organized maps (2020)
3 Asif Ahmmed Joy, Md. A Comparison of Supervised
Al Mehedi Hasan, Md.
Ali Hossain and Unsupervised Dimension
Reduction Methods for
Hyperspectral Image
Classification (2019)
FEATURES
1. Fuzzy optimization problem.
2. A Spatial Filter.
3. Smoothed image
4. Datasets used- Indian Pines
University of Pavia Salinas
1. Dimensionality Reduction
2. Kohonen self-organized maps.
3. Wavelet Decomposition.
1. PCA and LDA
2. SVM classifier is used
3. Dataset used- Indian pines
ACCURACY LIMITATIONS
Indian Pines
Overall Accuracy - 96.87
University of Pavia
Overall Accuracy - 99.65 -
Salinas
Overall Accuracy - 98.92
If the information is too
PCA Accuracy - 96.3
little or very high in the
weights the map is not
entirely accurate.
PCA Overall Accuracy - 90.4 Here while using LDA
LDA Overall Accuracy - 96.3 technique the number
of features extracted
are less when
compared with PCA.
Literature Survey
SNO AUTHOR TITLE & YEAR FEATURES ACCURACY LIMITATIONS

Albedo recovery for 1. Albedo component. Classification accuracy Here classification

4 Kun Zhan, Haibo Wang,
hyperspectral image 2. Shading component. Indian Pines (SVM) - 67.7 accuracy with svm is
Yuange Xie, Chutong University of Pavia (SVM)
classification 3. Support Vector Machine. - 87.52 low for Indian pines
Zhang, Yufang Min (2017) 4. Data sets used Salinas, Salinas (SVM) - 78.10 when compared with
University of Pavia,
Indian Pines. ground truth.

1. Principal component 1. PCA - 86.1165 Here among all the

5 Alhayani, Bilal, and Haci Hyper spectral image analysis 2. LPP - 79.4602
2. Locality Preserving 3. MDS - 85.5881 methods DRR has
Ilhan classification using
Projections(LPP) 4. DRR - 78.5032 lower accuracy when
dimensionality 3. Multidimensional scaling compared with ground
4. Dimensionality
truth
reduction techniques. Reduction via Regression
(DRR)
(2017) 5. Salinas’s dataset
Architecture Diagram
Plan of Execution
SNO MILESTONE STATUS OUTCOME

Completed Clear Understanding on Problem

1 Problem Statement and Literature Survey

2 Finding Dataset Completed Appropriate Dataset for Project

3 Divide Dataset into Training and Testing Completed Dataset partition for Model

Sets

4 Preprocessing Completed Understanding the Activities of Preprocessing

Working model
5 Implementation Ongoing

December 1st week (Tentative) Documenting the Project work

6 Documentation

December (Tentative) Publication of Project

7 Paper
References
[1] Boggavarapu L. N. Phaneendra Kumar, Manoharan Prabukumar, "Hyperspectral image
classification using fuzzy-embedded hyperbolic sigmoid nonlinear principal component and
weighted least squares approach," J. Appl. Rem. Sens. 14(2) 024501 (2 April 2020)
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.14.024501

[2] David Ruiz Hidalgo, Bladimir Bacca Cortés, and Eduardo Caicedo Bravo. "Dimensionality
reduction of hyperspectral images of vegetation and crops based on self-organized maps"
Information processing in agriculture 8, no. 2 (2021): 310-327. doi: 10.1016/j.inpa.2020.07.002
.

[3] Joy, Asif Ahmmed, Md Al Mehedi Hasan, and Md Ali Hossain. "A comparison of supervised
and unsupervised dimension reduction methods for hyperspectral image classification." 2019
International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering (ECCE).
IEEE, 2019.doi: 10.1109/ECACE.2019.8679360.
 References
[4] Kun Zhan, Haibo Wang, Yuange Xie, Chutong Zhang, Yufang Min, "Albedo recovery for
hyperspectral image classification," J. Electron. Imag. 26(4) 043010 (26 July 2017)
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JEI.26.4.043010

[5] Alhayani, Bilal, and Haci Ilhan. "Hyper spectral image classification using dimensionality
reduction techniques." International Journal of Innovative Research in Electrical,
Electronics, Instrumentation and Control Engineering 5.4 (2017): 71-74.