FORMULASI PENELITIAN

MTI705 PENILAIAN KRITIS DAN

FORMULASI
 PENDAHULUAN
• Formulasi penelitian penilaian kritis:
Mahasiswa dapat menentukan formulasi/
perumusan penelitian dari pemetaan literatur
yang telah ditetapkan (matrix).
• Menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia
(KBBI), arti kata formulasi adalah perumusan.
• Penelitian adalah sebuah proses kegiatan yang
bertujuan untuk mengetahui sesuatu secara
teliti, kritis dalam mencari fakta-fakta dengan
menggunakan langkah-langkah tertentu.
Pemetaan Literatur (review)
Contoh: Study of QE tools and techniques
WHAT IS ORIGINALITY IN RESEARCH?
• Based on original research that produces new knowle
dge.
• Originality mean new knowledge that has not
previously presented.
• Originality could mean many things such as addressing
a known problem in new ways.
• Originality may relate to the topic or the approach one
adopt to contribute to the body of knowledge.
• Originality means adding new knowledge to a research
area, beyond the consensus in this area.
• New way of looking at things, new way of thinking.
Original Research Paper
• Original Research Paper Are
Presented as A Simple
Questionnaire
• Questionnaire For Original
Research Articles 
A. Overall
B. Introduction
C. Materials and methods
D. Results
E. Discussion
F. Conclusions
G.ofReferences
Ref: Art reading a journal article: Methodically and
effectively, RV Subramanyam (2013)
Department of Oral Pathology, Drs Sudha and Nageswara
Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental Sciences, Gannavaram,
Andhra Pradesh, India
Questionnaire for original research articles

A. Overall
1. What was the article type? (sudah dijelaskan di
atas – tentang tipe-tipe artikel primer & sekunder)
2. What was the title? (judul, keyword, tema,
kesesuaian dengan jurnal)
3. Who were the authors? (siapa, kompetensi,
relevansi, institusi, dll)

Table 4: Questionnaire for original research articles, pada artikel  : Art of reading a
journal article: Methodically and effectively, RV Subramanyam (2013)
B. Introduction

4. What was the research problem?

5. Was there any mention of previous studies
on this topic?
6. Why was this study performed (the
rationale)?
7. What were the aims and objectives of the
study?
8. What was the study (research) hypothesis?
C. Materials and methods
9. How did the researcher attempt to answer the research
question’?
10. How was the sampling done?
11. How were they grouped (categorized)?
12. What were the inclusion criteria? (ciri-ciri yang harus dimiliki
untuk diikutsertakan)
13. What were the exclusion criteria? (ciri-ciri yang
mendiskualifikasi)
14. What procedures were followed?
15. Which variables were measured?
16. What equipment/instruments were used for data collection’?
Were they appropriate?
17. What statistical methods/tests were employed? Were they apt
for evaluation?
D. Results

• 18. What were the key findings?

• 19. Were all the subjects present in the beginning of the
study accounted for at the end of the study’? (awal sd
akhir)
• 20. Were the results reliable? (handal)
• 21. Were the results valid? (sah/sahih)
• 22. Which results were statistically significant?
• 23. Which results were statistically non-significant?
• 24. Were the tables/graphs easy to comprehend?
(mudah dipahami)
E. Discussion

25. Did the results answer the research question?

26. What were the authors interpretations of the data?
27. Was the analysis of the data relevant to the research
question?
28. How were these results different/similar when
compared to other studies?
29. What were the strengths of the study?
30. What were the limitations of the study?
31. Were there any extrapolations of the findings beyond
the range of data?
F. Conclusions

32. What were the conclusions?

33. Were the authors’ conclusions based upon
reported data and analysis?
34. Were the conclusions reasonable and logical?
35. Will the results be usefid for further research?
36. Was the study worth doing?
37. Does the nader have any questions
unanswered by the article?
G. References

38. Were the references cited according to

journal’s requirement?
39. Were all the citations conect?
40. Were all the references cited in the text?
 MEMFORMULASI PENELITIAN
• Memformulasi penelitian merupakan upaya
untuk menentukan hal berkaitan minat
penelitian dan tindakan yg akan dilakukan
berdasarkan penilai kiritis terhadap kajian
sebelumnya. 
• Formulasi penelitian merupakan titik tolak awal
menetapkan arah penelitian, maka harus jelas,
padat berisi implikasi menunjukkan koridor
penelitian yang tidak terlalu umum atau tidak
terlalu sempit, sebaiknya bersifat universal.
Pendekatan Diagram Venn

• Diagram Venn atau diagram set adalah diagram yang menunjukkan semua

kemungkinan hubungan logika dan hipotesis di antara sekelompok
(set/himpunan/grup) benda ataupun objek.
• Diagram Venn ini pertama kali diperkenalkan pada tahun 1880 oleh John
Venn untuk menunjukkan hubungan sederhana dalam topik-topik di
bidang logika, probabilitas, statistik, linguistik dan ilmu komputer.
Based on original research
• Start from original research paper  akan
menghasilkan NEW original research paper &
Next research.
 TUGAS

• Dari dua referensi utama review paper

tentukan 3 aspek gabungan (referensi,
fenomena, ide perbaikan).
• Email: yuwaldi@unsyiah.ac.id
 SEKIAN TERIMA KASIH

Acknowledgement:
Terima kasih dan penghargaan yang tinggi kepada
kontributor dalam slide ini. Penulis slide ini anonim, Slide ini
dikutip dengan dari berbagai sumber diantaranya dari buku,
jurnal, proseding dan web 17