GOITRE C

IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDER

OVERVIEW

DEFINITION

ETIOPATHOGENESIS

CLASSIFICATION

CLINICAL FEATURE

INVESTIGATION

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

HOMOEOPATHIC
MANAGEMENT
OVERVIEW
Thyroid gland is a butterfly shaped organ lying in the anterior aspect of the neck.
The major function of the gland is the production of thyroid hormones, namely
Triiodothyronine and Tetraiodothyronine. These hormones are the major regulators
of the various metabolic processes in the human body.

Various pathological processes affect the organ One of the clinical manifestations of
these pathological processes is enlargement of the gland. In general the abnormal
enlargement of thyroid gland is defined as goiter by American thyroid association
DEFINITION

We use the word goitre to denote enlargement of the thyroid gland irrespective of its cause.
‘GOITRE’ as being a benign enlargement usually associated with normal production of
thyroid hormone.

A goiter (GOI-tur) is an abnormal enlargement of your thyroid gland. Your thyroid is a

butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of your neck just below your Adam's apple.
duction of thyroid hormone .
 ETIOPATHOGENESIS
The thyroid gland is diffusely enlarged and smooth
. In the first stage due to TSH stimulation the
lobules are composed of active cells and is called
stage of diffuse hyperplasia.
When the TSH stimulation ceases by ingestion of
iodine the second stage appears called stage of
involution.
Continuation of above stage causes third stage
known as COLLOID GOITRE.
Nodules may cause haemorrhage or necrosis.
ETIOLOGY

The enlargement of the thyroid gland arising from goiter

can be brought on by the following conditions:
• Iodine deficiency
• Graves' disease
• Hashimoto's disease
• Solitary thyroid nodule
• Thyroid cancer
• Pregnancy
CLASSIFICATION OF GOITER