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Course: System & Network Administration: By: Sarfraz Ahmed BS (IT) 5 Semester Mulim Group of Colleges, Hafizabad Campus

The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a system administrator. It describes system administrators as technical professionals responsible for designing, organizing, modifying, and supporting a company's computer systems and networks. Their key duties include maintaining servers, workstations, and networking equipment; troubleshooting issues; implementing security updates; and deploying new software. The document also outlines some of the technical skills and knowledge required to work as a system administrator, such as expertise in operating systems, networking, security practices, and software deployment.

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jaweria chadhar
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760 views28 pages

Course: System & Network Administration: By: Sarfraz Ahmed BS (IT) 5 Semester Mulim Group of Colleges, Hafizabad Campus

The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a system administrator. It describes system administrators as technical professionals responsible for designing, organizing, modifying, and supporting a company's computer systems and networks. Their key duties include maintaining servers, workstations, and networking equipment; troubleshooting issues; implementing security updates; and deploying new software. The document also outlines some of the technical skills and knowledge required to work as a system administrator, such as expertise in operating systems, networking, security practices, and software deployment.

Uploaded by

jaweria chadhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to System Administration: Introduces the course on System and Network Administration highlighting key focus areas and the credentials of the presenter.
  • Who is System Admin: Describes the role and responsibilities of a system administrator within a company.
  • Important Duties of System Admin: Enumerates the necessary tasks and responsibilities required to maintain systems in a business environment.
  • Why We Call Them System Admin: Explains the different duties that justify the title of 'System Administrator'.
  • Technical Task of System Admin: Details the technical tasks expected from system administrators, such as network and security maintenance.
  • What System Admin Do: Discusses the unofficial tasks and general roles that system administrators handle behind the scenes.
  • What is System: Provides a definition of systems in the context of administration, covering infrastructure aspects.
  • How to Become a System Admin: Outlines the career paths, skills, and specializations available to aspiring system administrators.
  • What Should You Know: Lists essential knowledge areas and skills that are crucial for effective system administration.
  • Operating Systems (Supporting Administration): Covers the evolution of operating systems that support administrative tasks, including significant release history.
  • UNIX Philosophy: Explains the foundational principles and features of UNIX systems, including historical context.
  • System Administrator Responsibilities: Delineates the responsibilities linked to different aspects of system management.
  • Skills for System Admin: Describes the skills necessary for success in system administration roles, including certifications and practical training.
  • Network & System Admin: Defines the relationship and differences between network administration and system administration.
  • Goals of Network Management: Highlights the various objectives involved in efficient network management, including fault and configuration management.
  • Information Source for System Admin: Lists resources and information hubs beneficial to system administrators for ongoing learning and problem-solving.
  • The Human Role in System: Addresses the soft skills and personal attributes required for effective system administration.
  • The Challenges of System Admin: Discusses the major challenges faced by system administrators in maintaining efficient and secure systems.
  • Bugs And Emergent Phenomena: Explains the causes and implications of software bugs and unforeseen phenomena in system management.

System Administration

Course: System & Network Administration

By: Sarfraz Ahmed


BS(IT) 5TH Semester
Mulim Group of Colleges,
Hafizabad Campus
Who is System Admin…

• System administrator is a technical


professional who is responsible for
designing, organizing modifying &
supporting a company’s computer
system. A system administrator design
and install LAN, WAN , Internet
Interact systems & network Segments.
Who is System Admin…

• System administrator is jack-of-all-trades with in a smaller


Company. In larger enterprise may have several systems
administrators all focus on different areas.
Important Duties of System Admin…

• System administrator is required to keep up to date on new


development in the technology industry, in case changes
within the company have an impacts on the business.

• When workstation, Network & server goes down, he is


immediately called to solve the problem.
Why we call them System Admin…

• A system administrator administers.


• Networks & server
• Desktop Computer & Laptops

• Printer & Routers


• Switches & firewalls
• Personal digital assistants

• Software Deployment
• Security updates and patches
Technical Task of System Admin…

• Support LAN,WAN, network segment, internet & Intranet system.

• User administration (setup & Maintenance Account)

• Maintenance of network & system security.


• Design & deploying Network.

• Performing network address assignment

• Maintenance of integrity of network, Server deployment &


Security.
• Authentication and authorization of Directory services.
Technical Task of System Admin…

• Maintain network servers such as file servers, VPN gateways.


• Maintenance of intrusion detection systems.
• Troubleshoot technical problems reported by users.
• Make recommendation for future upgrades.
• Creation of backup & Recovery policy.
• Maintain Network facilities in individual machines.
What System Admin do.

• What exactly does a System Administrator do?


• No precise job description.
• often learned by experience
• makes things run”
• work behind the scenes
• often known as Operator, Network Administrator, System
Programmer, System Manager, Service Engineer, Site Reliability
Engineer etc.
What is System ?

• “A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent


elements that together form a complex whole.”
• In the context of this class, we generally consider computer-
human systems consisting of
• the computer(s)
• the network
• the user(s)
• the organization’s goals and policies
How to become a System admin..

• System Administration is a profession with no fixed


career path.
• Few degree granting programs

• Heavy reliance on practical experience


• Specializations in many different areas possible
• Breadth of expertise as necessary as depth in some areas
• background knowledge and requirements vary
And administration ?

• “A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent

• System Administration frequently also includes other


tasks such as

• system design and architecture

• reliability studies

• resource management

• system fault diagnosis


What should you know??

• Breadth of knowledge:

• Operating system concepts


• TCP/IP networking
• Programming

• Depth of knowledge:
• Certain OS flavor
• Specific service (DNS, E-Mail, Databases, Content-
Delivery, ...)
Operating Systems
(Supporting administration)

 1995-Windows NT 3.5.1 released


 Windows 95 released

 1996 -Windows NT 4.0 released

 1998-Windows 98 released
 1998-Microsoft announces Windows NT 5.0 will be
renamed Windows 2000
 2000-release of windows 2000 (aka NT 5.0)
 2001-release of windows XP (aka NT 5.1)
Operating Systems
(Supporting administration)

 2003-release of windows 2003 server


 2007 -release of windows Vista (SELinuxProject apply)

 2008 -release of windows 2008 server

 2009 -release of windows 7


 2013 -release of windows 8, 8.1, Server 2012

 2015 -release of windows 10


UNIX Philosophy

• Originally developed 1969 at Bell Labs by Ken Thomson


and Dennis Ritchie.
• t the same time a team from the University of California
at Berkeley was working to improve UNIX. In 1977 it
released the first Berkeley Software Distribution,
which became known as BSD.
UNIX Philosophy

• The OS is divided into


• kernel
• shell
• tools & applications
• Basic UNIX features:
• Multitasking
• Multiuser
• Portability
• Networking capabilities
System administrator is responsible for
…
• User administration (setup and maintaining account)
• Maintaining system
• Verify that peripherals are working properly
• Quickly arrange repair for hardware in occasion of hardware failure

• Monitor system performance


• Update system as soon as new version of OS and
application software comes out
• Implement the policies for the use of the computer
system and network
Skills for System Admin…

• SAs must have effective problem solving skills.

• Most SAs have degrees in related fields, like

• IT, computer engineering, information management


and computer science.
• Not all SAs follow linear training paths. In fact, a growing
number of professional SAs are self-taught through
practical computing experience and open-source
software training programs.
Skills for System Admin…

• SAs must have effective problem solving skills.

• Some technical training programs offer degrees or


specialized SA certifications, such as Microsoft
(MCP, MCSA, MCSE), Red Hat (RHCE, RHCSS) and
Cisco (CCNA, CCIE).
Network & System Admin…

• The terms network administration and system administration


exist separately and are used both variously and inconsistently
by industry and by academics.
• To this community, network administration means the
management of network infrastructure devices (routers and
switches).
• To this community, network administration is the management
of PCs in a network.
Goals of Network management

• Fault management
• Is the detection of problems and faults on the network. Such
faults should be properly logged, and if appropriate an alarm
should be raised. This area is responsible for proper problem
identification, determining the cause of the fault and ensuring
the proper resolution of the problem. Management software
operating in this area may attempt to correct faults on its own.
Goals of Network management
(Continue…)

• Configuration Management
• Is to keep track of the network's configuration, both hardware
and software. This area includes keeping track of what
computers and networking infrastructure are on a network, and
how they are interconnected. In addition, configuration
management includes following what software versions each
device is running, as well as the software configuration of each
device.
Goals of Network management
(Continue…)
• Security management :
• Incorporates all aspects of authentication and access control,
from the definition of access policies to the enforcing of those
policies. Exception reports can be generated for events that
fall out of the scope of the defined policies, and these reports
can be used to alert administrators of the policy violation.
• performance Management:
• looks at the current and expected performance of the network.
Elements of network performance that may be monitored
include availability, response time, error rate, throughput and
utilization.
Goals of Network management
(Continue…)
• Accounting management:
• Covers two broad areas; asset control and cost management.
Asset control refers to knowing what computers are on the
network, who they belong to, who is using them, and perhaps
where they are located. The second area, cost management,
looks at what the costs of providing network services are and
how they are paid for.
Information source for system admin..

• Printed manuals

• www •RFC

• Newsgroups and discussions


The human role in system

• For humans, the task of system administration is a balancing


act.
•
• It requires patience, understanding, knowledge and experience.
The challenges of System admin..

• Designing a network which is logical and efficient.


• Deploying large numbers of machines which can be easily
upgraded later.
• Deciding what services are needed.
• Planning and implementing adequate security.
• Providing a comfortable environment for users.
• Developing ways of fixing errors and problems which occur.
• Keeping track of and understanding how to use the enormous
amount of knowledge which increases every year.
Bugs And emergent phenomena

• They may come from:


• Poor quality control in software or procedures.
• Problems in operating systems and their subsystems.
• Unfortunate clashes between incompatible software, i.e. one
software package interferes with the operation of another.
• Inexplicable phenomena, cosmic rays, viruses and other
attacks.

System Administration Course: System & Network Administration By: Sarfraz Ahmed BS(IT) 5TH Semester Mulim Group of Colleges
Who is System Admin… • System administrator is a technical professional who is responsible for designing, organizing modify
Who is System Admin… • System administrator is jack-of-all-trades with in a smaller Company. In larger enterprise may have s
Important Duties of System Admin… • System administrator is required to keep up to date on new development in the technolog
Why we call them System Admin… • A system administrator administers. • Networks & server • Desktop Computer & Laptops • Print
Technical Task of System Admin… • Support LAN,WAN, network segment, internet & Intranet system. • User administration (setup
Technical Task of System Admin… • Maintain network servers such as file servers, VPN gateways. • Maintenance of intrusion det
What System Admin do. • What exactly does a System Administrator do? • No precise job description. • often learned by experie
What is System ? • “A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements that together form a complex whole.” •
How to become a System admin.. • System Administration is a profession with no fixed career path. • Few degree granting pro

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