L7 Acceleration Analysis

ACCELERATION 7
ANALYSIS
(GRAPHICAL APPROACH)
BY: ENGR. MARK IVAN C. ESPINOSA

ACCELERATION ANALYSIS
 Acceleration plays an important role in the design of mechanisms because of
its effect on forces.
 If we know the value acceleration, force can easily be determined by the

product of mass and acceleration.
 These parameters in turn influence the stresses in different parts of the

machine.
UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ACCELERATION ANALYSIS
atB
aB The total acceleration on a rotating link is

B given by the sum of the normal and
tangential acceleration.
a nB
𝜶
𝝎

RELATIVE ACCELERATION METHOD
The acceleration analysis is similar with
the method used in relative velocity
atB analysis.
aB
B aB = aA + aB/A
a nB
𝜶
𝝎 atB + anB = [atA + anA] + [atB/A + anB/A]
A

Thenormal acceleration, an, is the rate of

atB change in the velocity in direction-sense
and is parallel to AB towards pivot A.
aB
B
a nB
𝜶
𝝎

The tangential acceleration, at, is the rate

atB of change in the velocity in magnitude and
is perpendicular to AB in the direction of .
aB
B
a nB
𝜶
𝝎

atB
It is evident that velocity analysis should
aB be completed before doing acceleration
B analysis and appropriate acceleration scale
should also be applied.
a nB
𝜶
𝝎

Sample Problem 1:
Determine the instantaneous acceleration C for the crank and rocker

mechanism. Link AB rotates at uniform angular speed of 1 rad/s in counter
clockwise direction. C
Dimensions:
B
AB = 25 cm
BC = 60 cm
CD = 45 cm
AD = 50 cm A D
= 120o

Sample Problem 1:
C
Relative acceleration method:
aC = aB + aC/B
B
atC + anC = [atB + anB] + [atC/B + anC/B]

Tangential acceleration at B is zero because
A D crank AB is rotating at constant velocity.

Sample Problem 1:
C
B Normal acceleration at B:
anB = = = 25 cm/s2
A D

Sample Problem 1:
C
B Tangential & Normal acceleration at C/B:
atC/B = ? (perpendicular to BC)
A D
anC/B = = = 1.42 cm/s2

Sample Problem 1:
C
B Tangential & Normal acceleration at C:
atC= ? (perpendicular to CD)
A D
anC = = = 14.42 cm/s2

Sample Problem 1:
C
Graph the acceleration vectors:
Step 1: Set an appropriate scale for the sketch then
B choose convenient location for the origin.
Step 2: Sketch anB from the origin with direction

A D parallel to link AB.

Sample Problem 1:
C
Step 3: From then tip of anB, sketch anC/B with
B
direction parallel to link BC.
Step 4: From then tip of anC/B, sketch atC/B with

A D direction perpendicular to link BC. The magnitude
will be determined later.

Sample Problem 1:
C
Step 5: From origin, plot anC with direction parallel
B
to link CD.
Step 6: From then tip of anC, sketch atC with

A D direction perpendicular to link CD. The magnitude
will be determine later.

Sample Problem 1:
C
Step 7: Extend atC and atC/B until it intersect. The
B
intersection will determine their magnitudes.
Step 8: From origin, plot aC up to the intersection.

A D Measure its length to determine its magnitude.

Sample Problem 1:
C
A D
aC = 15.3976 cm/s2

CORIOLIS ACCELERATION
The Coriolis Effect is the deflection of moving objects when viewed from a
rotating reference point.
It is considered when a point on a link slides along a rotating link, such as in

Crank and Slotted Lever and Whitworth Mechanism

The movement of the slider along the rotating link, point C is known as
coincident point.
𝑽 𝒚 The expression for Coriolis Acceleration is:
C’
a cor=2 ω V y

Where:
2 C = angular velocity of link AC
= Linear velocity of C’ along link AC
𝝎


Sample Problem 2:
Determine the instantaneous acceleration of slider Q for the crank and slotted
lever mechanism. Crank BC rotates in uniform angular speed of 1 rad/s in
counter-clockwise direction.
Dimensions:
AB = 40 cm (fixed)
BC = 20 cm (crank)
AD = 80 cm (lever)
DQ = 40 cm (floating)
ƟBC = 45o
Dist. From B to axis of slider = 60 cm

Sample Problem 2:
Q aC = aC’ + aC/C’ + acor
D atC + anC = [atC’ + anC’] + [atC/C’ + anC/C’] +acor
B C, C’
A
Sample Problem 2:
Q atC + anC = [atC’ + anC’] + [anC/C’ + anC/C’] +acor
D Tangential & Normal acceleration at C:

atC= = 0
B C, C’
anC = = = 20 cm/s2
A
Sample Problem 2:
D Tangential & Normal acceleration at C’:

atC’= (perpendicular to AD)
B C, C’
anC’ = = = 5.32 cm/s2
A
Sample Problem 2:
D Tangential & Normal acceleration at C/C’:

atC/C’= (since the path of slider is straight line along CA)
B C, C’
anC/C’ = (parallel to AD)
A
Sample Problem 2:
D Solving for Coriolis Acceleration:
B C, C’
acor = 2 = 6.235 cm/s2
A
Sample Problem 2:
Q Graph the acceleration vectors:
Step 1: Set an appropriate scale for the sketch then
D choose convenient location for the origin.
Step 2: Sketch anC’ from the origin with direction

B C, C’ parallel to link AD
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 3: From then tip of anC’, sketch atC’ with
D direction perpendicular to link AD with unknown
magnitude
B C, C’
Step 4: Since the magnitude of atC’ and anC/C’, Plot
first anC from the origin with direction parallel to
link BC.
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 5: Sketch acor, where in its head is connected to
D the head of anC and it is perpendicular to AC.
Step 6: From the tail of acor, anC/C’ with a direction

B C, C’
parallel to AC until it intersect atC’
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 7: From origin up to the intersection, plot aC’.
D
B C, C’
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 8: Since AD and AC’ is parallel. We can
D determine aD using proportion.
B C, C’
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 9: Use relative acceleration equation:
D aQ = aD+ aQ/D
aQ = aD+ [atQ/D + anQ/D]

B C, C’
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 9: Use relative acceleration equation:
D aQ = aD+ [atQ/D + anQ/D]
Tangential & Normal acceleration at Q/D:
B C, C’ atQ/D= (Perpendicular to QD)
anQ/D = = = 1.43 cm/s2
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 10: Plot aD from the origin.
D
Step 11: From the tip of aD, plot anQ/D which is
parallel to link QD
B C, C’
Step 12: From the tip of anQ/D , plot atQ/D which is
perpendicular to link QD
A
Sample Problem 2:
Step 13: From origin, intersect aQ to atQ/D and
D determine the magnitude of aQ.
B C, C’ aC = 21.0315 cm/s2
A
END
LECTURE.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

L7 Acceleration Analysis

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L7 Acceleration Analysis

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ACCELERATION 7

BY: ENGR. MARK IVAN C. ESPINOSA

 If we know the value acceleration, force can easily be determined by the

 These parameters in turn influence the stresses in different parts of the

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

aB The total acceleration on a rotating link is

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Thenormal acceleration, an, is the rate of

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

The tangential acceleration, at, is the rate

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Determine the instantaneous acceleration C for the crank and rocker

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

atC + anC = [atB + anB] + [atC/B + anC/B]

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Step 2: Sketch anB from the origin with direction

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Step 4: From then tip of anC/B, sketch atC/B with

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Step 6: From then tip of anC, sketch atC with

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Step 8: From origin, plot aC up to the intersection.

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

It is considered when a point on a link slides along a rotating link, such as in

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

D atC + anC = [atC’ + anC’] + [atC/C’ + anC/C’] +acor

D Tangential & Normal acceleration at C:

D Tangential & Normal acceleration at C’:

D Tangential & Normal acceleration at C/C’:

D Solving for Coriolis Acceleration:

Step 2: Sketch anC’ from the origin with direction

Step 6: From the tail of acor, anC/C’ with a direction

aQ = aD+ [atQ/D + anQ/D]

anQ/D = = = 1.43 cm/s2

UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

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