ENGLISH LANGUAGE

IMPROVEMENT
F O R E S T RY A N D C A D A S T R A L T E R M I N O L O G Y
 SYLLABUS

• PEDOLOGY / TOPOGRAPHY (C1, S2)

• DENDROLOGY / ASTRONOMY (C2, S3)
• ECOLOGY (C3, S4)
• BOTANY / GEODESY (C4, S5)
• FAUNA / ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS (C5, S6)
• ENTOMOLOGY / CARTOGRAPHY (C6, S7)
• REVISION (C7)
 ASSESSMENT

• PORTFOLIO consisting of 4 articles related to the following

topics:
• S2. PEDOLOGY + TOPOGRAPHY

• S3. DENDROLOGY + ASTRONOMY

• S4. ECOLOGY

• S5. BOTANY + GEODESY

• S6. FAUNA + ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
 ASSESSMENT

• Students must write and present their papers in groups of 3 or 4.

• Presentations will take place during seminars.

• The students will choose their topics for the presentations during the course.
• Every student will get an individual grade, depending on the knowledge of
their topic, terms, and translations of the terms.
• The 4 grades for the 4 papers will result in the final mark for the course
evaluation.

• NO WRITTEN EXAM
 OUTLINE OF ARTICLE
(4-5 PAGES, TIMES NEW ROMAN, FONT 12; 1,5
LINE SPACING)
TITLE
Abstract (10 lines)
Key words (4-5 words)

Introduction
Main body (numbered chapters and subchapters)
1.
1.1
2.
2.1
2.2
Etc.
Conclusion(s)

Bibliography / References
-for books: surname of author, first name (year of publication) Title of book, Place of publication: Name of publisher.
e.g. Smith, John (2010). Dendrology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-titles of articles should be included between quotes
e.g. Adams, Mary (2009) “How to identify trees”, in Forestry Journal Weekly, vol. 2, pp. 23-50.
-internet links should be copy pasted
e.g. https://leafyplace.com/beech-trees/
 ABSTRACT

• summary of about 150-200 words, but unlike an indicative

summary (which describes what will be covered in the paper),

the abstract gives actual data;

• it is a mini-paper understood on its own without reference to

the paper proper;

• not easy to write => often written last, together with the title;

• after the title, it is the most frequently read part of any paper;
 ABSTRACT

• it should provide maximum information with minimum words

covering this basic structure:
• background (context, previous work relevant to your research) – 2-4
sentences
• aim(s) / objective(s) (WHY?) – 1 or 2 sentences
• materials and methods (HOW?) – 2 or 3 sentences
• results / findings (WHAT?) – 8-10 sentences
• conclusion(s) – 1 sentence
 SAMPLE ABSTRACTS
(extracted from http://webbut.unitbv.ro/bulletin/
and
https://www.researchgate.net/)
 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON
SAWING FROZEN WOOD
The main objective of the present research is to establish the differences in
the behavior during sawing of frozen and unfrozen wood. Two species, a
resinous one (spruce, Picea abies L.) and a broad-leaved one (oak,
Quercus robur L.) were selected for this study. The tested wood specimens
originated from the same log (one spruce log and one oak log). Half of the
specimens were frozen down to –30ºC, with a freezing rate of -15ºC/h and
then maintained for 1 week in frozen state; half remained unfrozen, as
controls. Both the frozen and the unfrozen specimens were cut by means
of a circular saw blade under absolutely identical conditions (same
machine, same tool, same devices and same cutting conditions), in order
to determine comparatively the power consumption and the resistance
specific to cutting involved in the two cases. The results revealed that
freezing determines – in the given conditions – a visible decrease of the
necessary cutting power and the specific resistance to cutting (by up to
46.1% for spruce and up to 47.2% for oak).
 CADASTRE OR LAND ADMINISTRATION: A
CASE STUDY OF TURKEY
Cadastral systems have evolved over time primarily based on the changes in humankind to land
relationship and technology. Land had been regarded as a sign of wealth, a commodity, and a scarce
resource during feudalism, industrial revolution, and post-war reconstruction, respectively. Fiscal,
legal, and managerial cadastres served to the societies in those periods. Land has become a
community scarce resource after 1980s, and cadastre has played a multi-purpose role to support
sustainable use of that crucial resource. Cadastral systems have evolved through land administration
systems, and their scope has been extended to include not only determining boundaries of land
parcels and protecting land ownership, but also administering land value and land use data. This paper
aims to discuss the importance of the evolution of cadastres into land administration systems under
the case study of Turkey. In this context, it begins with a brief overview of cadastral developments in
the world in general and in Turkey. Then it proposes a new land administration system approach for
Turkey in legal, organizational and technical means both to eliminate existing issues and to fill
current gaps in the system. A framework land administration law, an organizational structure having a
leading land administration institution, and a land information management tool are the core
components of the proposed approach for the Turkish cadastral system.
 FOR FURTHER READING

• Gustavii, B. (2008) How to Write and Illustrate a Scientific

Paper, Cambridge: CUP.
• Hartley, J. (2008) Academic Writing and Publishing. A
Practical Handbook, New York: Routledge.
• Yang, J. T. (1999) An Outline of Scientific Writing. For
Researchers with English as a Foreign Language, Singapore:
World Scientific Publishing.