Vertical Jump Test

Pliometric
• Plio = more, metric = measure… increase power of movements 
• Mechanical Components
Muscle lengthening increases elastic tension of non contractile tissue stored
elastic (potential) energy. If immediately followed by a rapid concentric
contraction, release of elastic energy contributes to total muscle output.
• Neurological Components
Muscle stretch (eccentric lengthening) stimulates the muscle spindle to create a
reflex shortening (concentric).Movement must occur rapidly for the stretch
reflex to occur.
Klatt test
What is the Klatt test?
• The Klatt test is an assessment tool that can be used to determine
weakness in the muscles of the knee, hip, pelvis and lower back.
One key component of this is the vastus medialis oblique, or VMO.
This muscle is part of the quadriceps and act as the controller your
patella's tracking.
• The objective of the Klatt tests (1988) is to assess an athlete's
balance, stability and jumping as a prerequisite to undertaking a
program of plyometric.
Sargent Jump Test
Objective
• The Sargent Jump Test (Sargent 1921)[7], also known as the vertical jump test,
was developed by Dr Dudley Allen Sargent (1849-1924).
• To monitor the development of the athlete's elastic leg strength.
Required Resources
• Wall
• Tape measure
• Step Ladder
• Chalk
• Assistant
How to conduct the test
• The athlete warm up for 10 minutes
• The athlete chalks the end of his/her fingertips
• The athlete stands side onto the wall, keeping both feet remaining on the ground,
reaches up as high as possible with one hand and marks the wall with the tips of
the fingers (M1)
• From a static position, the athlete jumps as high as possible and marks the wall
with the chalk on his fingers (M2).
• The assistant measures and records the distance between M1 and M2
• The athlete repeats the test 3 times
• The assistant calculates the average of the recorded distances and uses this value
to assess the athlete's performance
Norma
Assessment
• The following normative data is available for this test.
• The following normative data, adapted from Chu (1996), is for world-class
athletes
Gender Excellent Above average Average Below average Poor
Male >81.3 71.0 - 81.3 60.9 - 70.9 50.8 - 60.8 <50.8
Female >71.1 60.9 - 71.1 50.8 - 60.8 40.6 - 50.7 <40.6
Norma
• The following are national norms for 16 to 19-year-olds (Davis 2000)
Gender Excellent Above average Average Below average Poor
Male >65cm 50 - 65cm 40 - 49cm 30 - 39cm <30cm
Female >58cm 47 - 58cm 36 - 46cm 26 - 35cm <26cm

• TheGender
following table
Excellent is for 15average
Above to 16-year-olds
Average (Beashel
Below average1997) Poor
Male >65cm 56 - 65cm 50 - 55cm 49 - 40cm <40cm
Female >60cm 51 - 60cm 41 - 50cm 35 - 40cm <35cm

Gender Excellent Above Average Average Below Average Poor

• The following
Male table
>70cm is for 56
adult
- 70cm athletes (20+) (Arkinstall
41 - 55cm 31 - 40cm 2010)
<30cm
Female >60cm 46 - 60cm 31 - 45cm 21 - 30cm <20cm
Power Score
• A heavier person jumping the same height as a lighter person has to
do more work as they have a larger mass to move.
• It is sometimes useful to convert the vertical jump height to units of
power. Power cannot be calculated (Power = Work ÷ Time) since the
Time the force is acted on the body is unknown.
• Formulas have been developed that estimate power from vertical
jump measurements. In these formulas mass = body weight and VJ =
Vertical Jump height.
Power Score
Lewis Formula
• The Lewis formula (Fox & Mathews, 1974)[6] estimates average power.
• Average Power (Watts) = √4.9 x mass (kg) x √VJ (m) x 9.81
Sayers Formula
• The Sayers Equation (Sayers et al. 1999)[3] estimates peak power output.
• Peak power (W) = 60.7 x VJ (cm) + 45.3 x mass(kg) - 2055
Power Score
Harman Formula
• Harman et al. (1991) established equations for peak and average power.
• Peak power (W) = 61.9 x VJ (cm) + 36.0 x mass (kg) + 1822
• Average power (W) = 21.2 x VJ (cm) + 23.0 x mass (kg) – 1393
Johnson & Bahamonde Formula
• Johnson and Bahamonde (1996) established equations for peak and average
power.
• Peak power (W) = 78.5 x VJ (cm) + 60.6 x mass (kg) -15.3 x height (cm) -1308
• Average power (W) = 41.4 x VJ (cm) + 31.2 x mass (kg) -13.9 x height (cm) +
431
Analysis
• Analysis of the test result compares it with the athlete's previous
results for this test. It is expected that, with appropriate training
between each test, the analysis would indicate an improvement in the
athlete's leg strength.
Target Group
• This test is suitable for active individuals but not for those where the
test would be contraindicated.
Validity & Reliability
Reliability
• Test reliability refers to how a test is consistent and stable in measuring what
it is intended to measure. Reliability will depend upon how strict the test is
conducted and the individual's level of motivation to perform the test. The
following link provides various factors that may influence the results and
test reliability.
Validity
• Test validity refers to the degree to which the test measures what it claims
to measure and the extent to which inferences, conclusions, and decisions
based on test scores are appropriate and meaningful. This test provides a
means to monitor the athlete's physical development.
Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
• Minimal equipment required
• Simple to set up and conduct
• The athlete can administer the test
• Can be conducted almost anywhere
Disadvantages
• Specific facilities required
• Assistant required to administer the test