SPEAKING

STYLE
 When students write papers for
academic purposes, they sometimes
make the mistake of thinking that the
teacher is actually the audience.
Although the teacher reads and grades
Choosing an the paper, it is better to think of the
Audience other students in the class as the actual
audience, or maybe the general
population at large. When students think
of teachers as their target audience, they
tend to write less interesting papers!
 Volume is the loudness
of the speaker.

VOLUME
 It is the psychological characteristic of physical
strength (amplitude). It is perceived as auditory
sensation by the listener which can be ordered on a
scale from quiet to loud.
 Loudness is then a subjective measure of the
listener, which is often confused with objective
measures of sound strength such as sound pressure
level (in decibels), sound intensity, or sound power. 
 Amplitude is the strength or power of the wave
signal. Higher amplitudes on the wave graph are
interpreted as a higher volume, hence the name ”
amplifier ” for a device that increases amplitude.
 Rate is the speed of speaking in words
per minute from slow to fast, with
normal rate averaging about 125

RATE words per minute.

  When speaking you want to speak at a varied rate so that
you can emphasize important parts of your message.
 You also want to change the rate for the mood or emotion
of the message and the occasion. If you want to show
excitement at a pep rally you will naturally speak at a
Tips for faster rate than if you were speaking at a funeral where

Speakers you would speak slower because you are sad or

contemplative.
 You might also speak slower if you are making choices
and thinking carefully about what you are saying; a
slower pace may conveys your thoughtfulness to the
audience.
 Use a recorder to record your speech so you can clock