Applying Environmental Studies

APPLYING ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES AND SUSTAINABILITY

SYSTEMS TO OPERATIONS
ASSOCIATE DEGREE IN LOGISTICS AND
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
THE ENVIRONMENT AND
SUSTAINABILITY
ENVIRONMENT- the surroundings or conditions in which
a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.
THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT - includes all living and
non-living things occurring naturally (Earth)
Sustainability - meeting our own needs without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet
their own needs
THE ENVIRONMENT AND
SUSTAINABILITY
Sustainability and environmental management involves

managingthe oceans, freshwater systems, land and
atmosphere according to sustainability principles
THE ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT
the application of sustainable practices in businesses,
agriculture, society, environment, and personal life
 managing resources in a way that will benefit not only
current but also future generations
responsibly interacting with the planet to maintain
natural resources and avoid jeopardizing the ability for
future generations to meet their needs.
environmental sustainability is about acting in a way
that ensures future generations have the natural
resources available to live an equal, if not better, way of
life as current generations
our forests, coral reefs, fresh and salt water systems,
atmosphere, plant and animal life etc are examples of
sustainable systems that need to be protected
As populations have increased and we have relied on the
Earth's natural resources—such as minerals,
petroleum, coal, gas, and more—the Earth's biodiversity
and creatures, from birds to insects to mammals, have
declined in number
 global production and consumption patterns are
destroying nature at persistent and dangerously high
rates
Humans are using and destroying the earth's resources
faster than they can be regenerated and replenished
FACTORS NEGATIVELY IMPACTING THE
ENVIRONMENT
Humans impact the physical environment in many
ways:
Overpopulation
 pollution
 burning fossil fuels
 deforestation.
FACTORS NEGATIVELY IMPACTING THE
ENVIRONMENT
Changes like these have triggered undesirable issues
such as:
climate change
Floods
Storms
 soil erosion
poor air quality
 polluted waters
ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE
OPERATIONS
In modern societies, the concept of sustainable
development is based on three factors:
 Economic development
Environmental conservation
 Social justice.
ENVIRONMENTALLY
SUSTAINABLE OPERATIONS
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Is the creation of wealth from which community benefits are
realized.
Will contain elements such as:
1. Increasing persons freedom
2. Reduction of poverty
3. Provision and maintenance of education, health care, law
and order facilities
4. Guaranteeing civil liberties and right to participate in
national decisions
OPERATIONS
Business retention and expansion -A large percentage of
jobs in the economy are created by existing companies
that are expanding their operations
Economy fortification -Economic development helps to
protect the local economy from economic downturns
Job creation –
Industry diversification -works to diversify the economy,
reducing a region’s vulnerability to a single industry
OPERATIONS
Increased tax revenue - translates to increased tax

revenue for community projects and local infrastructure.
Improved quality of life -Better infrastructure and more
jobs improves the economy of the area and raises the
standard of living for its residents
OPERATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
 Human existence is impossible without the presence of a
healthy ecosystem
Our environment comprises all living and non-living
components and their interactions within a natural habitat
Environmental conservation is the protection of the natural
environment by individuals, organizations and governments.
Its objectives are to conserve natural resources and the
existing natural environment and, where possible, to repair
damage and reverse trends
OPERATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Environmental conservation aims at addressing:
Overpopulation
 hydrological issues
 ozone depletion
 global warming
 deforestation
 desertification
climate changes
 pollution
OPERATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION – Aims/Benefits
To reduce air, water and land pollution
To facilitate the conservation of natural resources for future
generations
To ensure the protection of biodiversity
To implement sustainable development
To restore the ecological balance
To save our planet from harmful repercussions of global
warming
OPERATIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION – Methods
Forest Conservation:
plants and trees are essential for air, food as well as other day-
to-day products we use.
 Forests are habitats for living creatures and any disturbance in
the ecosystem can cause disruption in the water cycle as well
as the food chain.
Afforestation is amongst the core Environmental conservation
aims to plant more trees as well as save the existing ones from
cutting down as trees play a crucial role in maintaining the
ecological balance.
OPERATIONS
SOCIAL JUSTICE
Is the view that everyone deserves equal economic,
political and social rights and opportunities
The equitable distribution of wealth, opportunities, and
privileges within a society.
 Four principles of social justice;
- equity
-access to resources
- participation in processes and activities
- rights.
OPERATIONS
EQUITY
equity refers to fairness and justice
recognizing that some persons need more than others
in order to correct any imbalance in society
OPERATIONS
ACCESS TO RESOURCES
Persons are sustained by resources from the
environment
the resources necessary to sustain life are limited to
those already on the planet.
 all organisms must have continuous access to
resources obtained from their environment
These necessities must be available in the minimal
amounts needed to sustain human life
OPERATIONS
ACCESS TO RESOURCES
The main connections between human systems and nature
involve flows of resources from the environment into the human
economy, and flows of wastes from the economy back to the
environment
 This can damage the natural environment.
The damages may be from:
 harvesting natural resources
 pollution,
 other factors especially those occurring in heavily industrialized
economies.
OPERATIONS
PARTICIPATION IN PROCESS
Society must allow everyone to voice their concerns
and take part in making decisions.
If something affects a person's life, that person needs
to be a part of the process.
focuses on outcome and opportunity disparities on the
ground of differences in race, ability, and class
OPERATIONS
RIGHTS
For a society to be just, it must ensure the protection of
everyone’s civil, political, economic, cultural, and social
rights.
These rights include the right to life, the right to free
speech, the right to vote, the right to a fair trial, and so on.
Governments must be held accountable when they violate
these rights or fail to protect them
Human rights are recognized internationally included in
many international agreements
CITIZENS ENGAGEMENT FOR
SUSTAINABILITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
human behaviour is having a negative impact on
our environment.
 Behavioural change, is important to ensure a more
environmentally sustainable future
It is important to understand strategies that might
create behaviour change and thereby a more
sustainable environment
SUSTAINABILITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
Solving environmental problems will require behavior

change.
 Issues are diverse as reducing energy and water
consumption, protecting wildlife and ecosystems
achieving a sustainable future will require that
people change their behaviors.
SUSTAINABILITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
Controlling unsustainable behavior can reduce the rate
of environmental degradation and lead
to sustainable development.
Sustainable consumer behavior studies examine why and
how consumers do or do not
incorporate sustainability issues into their
consumption behavior.
SUSTAINABILITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE - various thoughts
 Humans are ‘naturally’ greedy and selfish
Humans are ‘puppets’ , victims of the social structures
set up by capitalism
 Humans will do the right thing if they know the
truth about environmental problems.
SUSTAINABILITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE –strategies based on thought
The views of behaviour result in particular change
strategies. For example:
 provide people with incentives that will lead them to
‘choose’ different behaviours,
 the transformation of social structures such as
capitalism and patriarchy
 the provision of environmental education.
SUSTAINABILITY
BEHAVIOUR CHANGE – how to influence
 Information - . People need to know both why an
action is important and how to do it. ...
Assistance – help people understand the information
Leverage the leaders
Make actions easy and non onerous
Allow participation by all
Take things in stages , avoid overload or haste
 rewards for participation.
SUSTAINABILITY
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Conflict is a natural part of any environment
It's important to manage conflict so the environment can
continue to be a positive and collaborative place where
people interact in a productive and mutually beneficial
way.
Conflict management skills are abilities that help you
manage how conflict affects you and those you interact
with.
SUSTAINABILITY
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Conflicts frequently arise over environmental issues such
as land use, natural resource management, and laws and
regulation, emerging from diverging interests and values
among stakeholders
Environmental conflict management refers to all kinds of
interventions in a conflict over the use of renewable
resources and the degeneration of the environment.
Effective communication is one of the most
important skills you can have for conflict management
SUSTAINABILITY
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Some of the best communication skills that can be used in
conflict management are:
Active listening
Practicing empathy
Problem-solving
Positive attitude
Have patience
Understand body language
SUSTAINABILITY
NEGOTIATION STRATEGIES
Negotiation is a method by which people settle
differences.
 It is a process by which compromise or agreement is
reached while avoiding argument and dispute.
Negotiation is a discussion between two or more people
or parties intended to reach a beneficial outcome where
a conflict exists
SUSTAINABILITY
 Individuals and organizations aim to achieve the best
possible outcome for their position
 The principles of fairness, seeking mutual benefit and
maintaining a relationship are the keys to a successful
negotiation.
Specific forms of negotiation are used in many
situations
general negotiation skills can be learned and applied
in a wide range of activities
SUSTAINABILITY
In order to achieve a desirable outcome, it is advisable to

follow a structured approach to negotiation
The process of negotiation includes the following

stages:
Preparation
Discussion
Clarification of goals
Negotiate towards a Win-Win outcome
Agreement
Implementation of a course of action
Negotiation Strategies
Preparation
This stage involves ensuring all the pertinent facts of the
situation are known
Before any negotiation takes place, a decision needs to
be taken as to when and where a meeting will take place
to discuss the problem and who will attend.
Setting a limited time-scale can also be helpful to prevent
drawn out process
Discussion
During this stage, individuals or members of each side
put forward the case as they understanding it.
Key skills during this stage:
- questioning
- listening
-clarifying
Each side should have an equal opportunity to present
their case
Clarifying Goals
the goals, interests and viewpoints of both sides of the

disagreement need to be clarified.
It is helpful to list these factors in order of priority
without it misunderstandings are likely to occur which
may cause problems and barriers to reaching an
acceptable outcome.
Negotiate towards a Win-Win outcome
where both sides feel they have gained something
positive through the process of negotiation and both
sides feel their point of view has been taken into
consideration
A win-win outcome is usually the best result
 This may not always be possible
alternative strategies and compromises may need to be
considered
Agreement
can be achieved once understanding of both sides’
viewpoints and interests have been considered.
It is essential for everybody involved to keep an open
mind in order to achieve an acceptable solution
Any agreement needs to be made perfectly clear so that
both sides know what has been decided.
Implementing Course of Action

Once agreement is reached, a course of action has to be
implemented to carry through the decision
 All the information is put into a format that's acceptable
to both parties, and they formalize it.
 procedures are developed to implement and monitor
the terms of the agreement.
iiiEngagement for Sustainability
Public Engagement
The process by which information, resources and the

benefits of higher achievements can be shared with
the public for mutual benefit.
Engagement is a two-way process, involving
interaction and listening.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Purpose
 Increase the accountability and transparency of

companies and political authorities
 Help responsible parties such as governments,
universities and companies respond to social needs
locally, nationally and globally
 Help to build trust and mutual understanding.
Generate mutual benefits.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
 Public-Engagement Strategies focus on how to achieve public
involvement, educate citizens, engage community members, and
gain input from stakeholders to plan for communities.
It is a plan to increase satisfaction and Acceptance by the public by
having more positive interactions with them.
 It can be through any channel, from in person, to online, to over the
phone.
It clarifies the purpose of the activity
It sets a clear vision of the direction being taken
Great strategies take public engagement from reactive to proactive.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
 Public engagement can help businesses connect
with people and get the word out about their work.
 Companies can give back and receive support and
recognition on their projects by engaging with members
of the community
Getting involved with the public can also help
organizations better understand their audience and
ultimately allow them to create better products and
services.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Businesses can use strategies to make a positive

impact on the public
Leaders need to find the most effective ways to ensure
that their approach creates positive PR for the
company or public body as well as foster greater
understanding by the community
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Strategies for public engagement include:
Leverage Local Community First
Listen To Community Experts
Participation of Top Management
Leverage Social Media For A Larger Reach
Ensure acceptance By Providing Value
Engage With Future Generations
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Leverage Local Community
One of the best ways to grow your business is by
leveraging your local community
 You can do this effectively by sponsoring or volunteering
at charity events
By doing this you help the local community and many
times can get coverage on television news and in
newspapers.
Citizens tend to support organizations with a track record
of assisting the general public
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Listen To Community Experts
When working to create an impact in the community, it is
best to authentically listen to community experts who
have been working on these issues for decades.
Instead of trying to reinvent the wheel, support local
initiatives that align with your charitable goals.
 This shows your authentic desire to create change and
acknowledges that others may know more.
 This approach can create respect and better
engagement
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Participation of Top Management
Leaders of businesses are their company's most visible
brand ambassadors
They can generate positive coverage by getting engaged
in their communities.
 Participation in community service leads to connecting
with other leaders and influencers in the community
This connection delivers a high-quality rating to your
business can and will lead to great PR
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Leverage Social Media For A Larger Reach
Focus on causes your company passionate

 develop a PR and social media plan to create awareness.
 leveraging viral social media tactics creates an increased
reach and awareness for both your organization and the
cause
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Ensure acceptance By Providing Value
Ensure acceptance by offering significant value to

members of the public
The public won't take kindly to self-promotion if they
sense selfish or misleading motive
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Engage With Future Generations
Be active in your community when it comes to the future
of your industry.
 Utilize local high schools, trade shows and college job
fairs to make sure your industry is properly represented
to the future generation.
Implement internship programs to allow future
candidates an opportunity to experience your company
Invest in the future so that it will invest in you.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Strategies
Public engagement is an expansion of democratic and
social practices that go beyond citizens’ voting in
elections or showing up at meetings and company
events.
It is most effective when strategies are planned,
citizens feel their input is valued, and the process
results in informed decision making and benefits to
the community. ~
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Team Building
People play a key role in developing a successful
community project or company
Stakeholders who understand their community and
company needs and have a stake in its success are an
indispensable requirement for success
Community developers and company leaders should seek
to build relationships and expand their network with
other organizations outside of their sectors
Team building involves the public in solving problems
or making decisions that affect them
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Team Building
Public participation involves the public in solving
problems or making decisions that affect them.
 When you determine your goal for involving the
public, and then intentionally use tools and processes
that support that goal, you will build trust and support
for decisions.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Team Building
To build strong teams include:
Determining the reason for involving the public

 Intentionally using tools and processes that support
that goal
 building trust and support for decisions
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Team Building
The organization should:

Inform the team with objective and balanced information.
Consult with the team by informing them and then
requesting input.
Involve the team in the decision by accepting input and
reflecting this input in the choice.
Collaborate by engaging with the team and sharing the
decision-making with them.
Empower the team by putting the final decision in their
hands where possible.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
Team Building
Engaging the public can be an evolving process.
It is possible to start at one level of engagement and
then move to another as you learn from the input
gathered.
Skilled management is necessary to create winning
processes for engaging the public as a member of the
team
The effects of Politics on Environmental
Policy
Environmental policy is any measure by a government or
corporation or other public or private
organization regarding the effects of human activities on
the environment
Most important are those measures that are designed to
prevent or reduce harmful effects of human activities on
ecosystems.
Environmental policies are needed because
environmental values are not necessarily considered in
organizational decision making
Policy
There are two main reasons people don’t take the
environment into account when making business
decisions are:
1. Polluters do not usually bear the consequences of
their actions; the negative effects most often occur
elsewhere or in the future
2. The availability of natural resources are often
assumed to be infinite.
Policy
Individuals do not protect the environment because they

reap the benefits in the short term without necessarily
suffering the consequences
The result of their action is often not immediately
evident
 The community however pays the costs of depletion and
degradation in the long term.
Policy
Human activity has resulted in numerous
environmental problems
The continuation of human and natural systems are
now severely threatened
Environmental problems include ; global warming,
water scarcity, pollution, loss of biodiversity etc
Since incentives for individuals to use the
environment sustainably are weak, governments have
to be involved in its protection.
Policy
Politics has regulated environmental damage for a long
time.
The earliest sewers were constructed with rules and
regulations for urban hygiene, sewage, sanitation, and
housing
laws govern hunting
natural resources and wildlife conservation parks
Control of pesticides usage in agriculture
Legislations such as clean water and clean air acts
Policy
Despite regulations by the political directorate many
environmentally unfriendly practices still remain eg:
exhaust from automobiles and other types of

transport
 pesticide and fertilizer runoff from farms
Pollution from manufacturing plants
Burning and cutting down of trees
Mining
Policy
Politics will affect environmental policies from both a
national and an international standpoint
National environmental policies often have a negative
impact on the local economy but a positive impact on
the international environment
It is usually viewed by local citizens to be unfair for
them to “subsidize” the existence of persons living in
other countries by foregoing these incomes.
Policy
Sustainable development has became a leading concept
in environmental policy making.
 It entails pursuing economic growth while preserving the
quality of the environment for future generations
Private industry and nongovernmental organizations have
now assumed greater responsibility for the environment
The new concept encourages individuals and
their communities to play a key role in the effective
implementation of policies.
Policy
International politics and policies are now heavily
focused on environmental problems such as ozone
depletion, climate change, biodiversity loss,
deforestation, and desertification
Global environmental problems frequently involve
substantial scientific complexity and ambiguity.
This fact has produced a wide-ranging study on the
relationships between science and policy.
Policy
Environmental issues have very long time frames in both
the consequences of environmental problems as well as
the results of efforts to minimize them
Politicians usually have to produce local results in a short
time frame in order to remain in power
 Environmental problems typically do not respect borders
and so a local politician might give up the short term
economic benefits without reaping the environmental
benefits
This pose challenges for international cooperation and
create a number of governance challenges
Policy
Efforts to address the consequences of environmental
problems have raised controversial ethical and
distributive-justice arguments between governments
The widespread potential for massive economic,
political, and ecological dislocation from the
consequences of global environmental problems as
well as from the potential policies to address those
problems have led to the study of global
environmental politics within international relations
Policy
Science has now identified and documented the
environmental challenges
The solution of these challenges are now mainly
hindered by politics
It is now widely accepted that the problem of
environmental degradation is impossible to solve
without widespread international cooperation
amongst the political leaders.
Corporate Environmental Management and
Strategy
An environmental strategy is a plan of action on how
the organization should manage environmental
protection, stakeholder pressures, and market
opportunities.
It is the long-term management plan and decision-
making process that involves an assessment of
environmental risks and opportunities and
formulating a strategy based on the organization’s
objectives.
Strategy
A firm is perceived as environmentally responsible if it
implements environmentally friendly actions
These strategies are intended to govern environmental
practices to:
- gain and maintain the respect and support of
stakeholders
-reduce the company’s contribution to environmental
damage
-Develop environmentally friendly operational processes
Strategy
Activities undertaken by companies for Environment
Management include:
-water conservation
-tree planting
- developing green products
- using renewable sources of energy
-waste management.
-Reclaiming mined out areas
Strategy
A proactive environmental strategy is one that
effectively reduces an organization’s environmental
impacts while producing high levels of economic
output and creating high-quality jobs.
 Proactive environmental strategies involve
anticipating future regulations and environmental
impacts so as to gain a “fit” with environmental
expectations of stakeholders, customers, community
members, and investors.
Strategy
The environmental strategy Planning includes:
 Risk assessment
Economic evaluation
Prediction of environmental regulations
Proactive recommendations on environmental
strategy
Identification of the best environmental strategies
 Development of a corporate environmental strategy
Strategy
It identifies a good fit between economic goals and
environmental opportunities and challenges
It has to be monitored and adjusted as it exists within
an environment that is complex with risks,
opportunities and regulations constantly changing
A good environment strategy is an essential ingredient
for success for any organization
Manage Environmental Planning
An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a project

specific plan developed to ensure that:
 the project is implemented in an environmental
sustainable manner
 All stakeholders understand the potential environmental
risks arising from the proposed project
 All stakeholders take appropriate actions to properly
manage that risk.
 The project implementation is carried out in accordance
with the design by taking appropriate actions to reduce any
deviations.
CONTENT
The plan outlines existing and potential problems that
may adversely impact the environment
 It recommends corrective measures where required.
It outlines the roles and responsibility of the key
personnel and contractors who are charged with the
responsibility to manage the proposed project.
The key role of the EMP committee is to ensure proper

operation and management of the EMP including the
regulatory compliance
The key benefits of the EMP are that it provides the
organization with means of managing its
environmental performance thereby allowing it to
contribute to improved environmental quality and
public perception
MANAGE ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND EVALUATION
Environmental planning : (NEPA)
is a process of identifying, assessing and coming up with
solutions to environmental issues.
It focuses on how communities can achieve sustainable
development and use resources in a way that is not
harmful to the ecosystem and the general population.
It’s goal is to facilitating decision making re land
development with consideration given to the
environment, social, political, economic and governance
Environmental evaluation:
estimates the value a particular environmental
resource has to the people who may be affected by its
loss
 Is difficult to conduct effectively because it involves
factors that are hard to quantify
Main elements of environmental planning include:
Social& economic development
Urban development
Regional development
Natural resource management
 integrated land use
Governance frameworks
Main elements of environmental evaluation include:
land use
 socio-economic impact
 transportation
 housing
 air pollution
 noise pollution
 wetlands
 habitat of endangered species
 flood zones susceptibility
coastal zones erosion
WASTE MANAGEMENT
The discipline associated with the:
 control of generation
 collection
Storage
 transport
 processing
 disposal
of everyday items that are discarded by the public
WASTE MANAGEMENT
monitoring and regulation of the waste management
process
Monitoring of waste-related laws
Employment of updated technologies
Use of economic mechanisms
To control the management of wastes in a manner that
best supports public health, economics,
environmental conservation, aesthetics
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste can be :
-solid
-liquid
- gaseous
 Each type has different methods of disposal and
management
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
 Solid waste, AKA trash, garbage , rubbish consists of
everyday items that are discarded by the public.
 Any material that is discarded by being thrown away
Health issues can also arise indirectly or directly.
Directly, through the handling of solid waste, and
indirectly through the consumption of water, soil and
food.
MAJOR CLASSIFICATIONS OF SOLID WASTE
Municipal Solid Waste

Hazardous Wastes:
Industrial Wastes:
 Agricultural Wastes
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Most of the non-hazardous solid waste from a city,
town or village
Requires routine collection and transport to a
processing or disposal site
Sources of MSW include private homes, commercial
establishments and institutions, as well as industrial
facilities
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)-
contains a wide variety of materials which may be

classified as wet garbage or dry garbage
SOLID WASTE - Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)- WET
GARBAGE
food waste (like vegetable and meat material
 leftover food,
eggshells
SOLID WASTE - Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)- DRY
GARBAGE
 paper
Plastic
 tetra-pack
 plastic cans
 newspaper,
glass bottles
 cardboard boxes,
aluminium foil
wood pieces
SOLID WASTE - Municipal Solid waste
DOES NOT INCLUDE:
wastes from industrial processes
 construction and demolition debris
 sewage sludge
mining waste
agricultural wastes
The municipal solid waste industry has four
components:
1. recycling
2. Composting
3. land-filling
4. waste-to-energy via incineration
The course taken by municipal solid waste is:
Generation
 collection
 sorting and separation
 transfer
 disposal/ utilisation.
SOLID WASTE –Hazardous waste

Applying Environmental Studies

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Applying Environmental Studies

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APPLYING ENVIRONMENTAL

STUDIES AND SUSTAINABILITY

Sustainability and environmental management involves

Increased tax revenue - translates to increased tax

Solving environmental problems will require behavior

In order to achieve a desirable outcome, it is advisable to

The process of negotiation includes the following

the goals, interests and viewpoints of both sides of the

Implementing Course of Action

The process by which information, resources and the

 Increase the accountability and transparency of

Businesses can use strategies to make a positive

Focus on causes your company passionate

Ensure acceptance by offering significant value to

Determining the reason for involving the public

The organization should:

Individuals do not protect the environment because they

exhaust from automobiles and other types of

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a project

The key role of the EMP committee is to ensure proper

Municipal Solid Waste

contains a wide variety of materials which may be

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