Hirra Rana Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving.
Personality is the pattern of enduring
characteristics that produce consistency and individuality in a given person. Personality contains the behaviors that makes each of us unique and differentiate us from others. Psychodynamic approaches to personality are based on the idea that personality : is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which people have little awareness and over which they have no control.
The most important pioneer of the
psychodynamic approach was Sigmund Freud. STRUCTURING PERSONALITY: ID, EGO, AND SUPEREGO
• To describe the structure of personality, Freud
developed a comprehensive theory that held that personality consists of three separate but interacting components:
• the id, the ego, and the superego
1. id : The raw, unorganized, inborn part of personality whose sole purpose is to reduce tension created by primitive drives related to hunger, aggression, and irrational impulses.
• The id (Latin for "it")
• Id is the only component of personality that is
present from birth.
• It is the source of our bodily needs, wants, desires,
and impulses 2. Ego: The part of the personality that provides a buffer between the id and the outside world.
• Strives to balance the desires of the id and the
realities of the objective, outside world.
• In contrast to the pleasure seeking id, the ego
operates according to the reality principle. 3.Superego: According to Freud, the final personality structure: it represents the rights and wrongs of society as handed down by a person’s parents, teachers, and other important figures.
• The superego includes the conscience.
• Prevents us from behaving in a morally
improper way by making us feel guilty if we do wrong. DEFENSE MECHANISMS: Unconscious strategies that people use to reduce anxiety by concealing the source of it from themselves and others(Freud) 8) 9)