Weighted Residual method

 It’s a technique which can be used to obtain

approximate solutions to linear and non
linear problems
 Powerful approximate procedure applicable
to variety of problems
 Applicable for Structural and non-structural
problems

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Weighted Residual methods

 Least square method

 Galerkin’s method
 Collocation method
 Subdomain method

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Weighted Residual methods

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Weighted Residual methods

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 Problems- Weighted Residual method
1. Consider the differential equation for the
problem as ;
;
0 x  1 with the boundary conditions y (0) =
0 and y(1) = 0. Find the solution of the problem
using Galerkin’s method, point collocation
method, sub domain method and least square
method. Use one coefficient trial function as
y=a1x(1-x3).
Compare the solutions obtained using weighted
residual method with exact solution.
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2. Solve the differential equation for a
physical problem expressed as

; 0 x  10

with the boundary conditions y (0) = 0 and

y(10) = 0 using point collocation method,
Galerkin’s method, least square method and
sub domain method.

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 TWO DIMENSIONAL ELEMENTS
Two dimensional elements are defined by three or more
nodes in a two dimensional plane (i.e., x, y plane).

The basic element useful for two dimensional analysis is

the triangular element.

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  Linear Triangular element
The physical domain considered is geometrically a 2-
Dimensional domain, i.e., an area with uniform thickness
and the single variable can be one of pressure, temperature,
etc. (a scalar quantity, not a vector quantity).
An example is the temperature distribution in a plate.
At each point there can be only one temperature.

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We consider such an area meshed with triangular elements.
Each triangular element has three nodes, (i.e., one node at
each corner).
Let us consider one such element with coordinates (X1, Y1),
(X2,Y2)and (X3,Y3).
The single variable (for example, temperature) at these
nodes 1, 2 and 3 are Φ1, Φ2 and Φ3 respectively.

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1. Evaluate the element shape functions and calculate the
value of pressure at point A as in Figure1.The nodal
values of displacement are Φi = 40N/cm2 ;Φj =
34N/cm2;Φk= 46N/cm2. Point A is located at (2, 1.5).
 (All Dimensions are in cm)

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The trial function used is y=ax(x-10).

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