ENGINEERING BETTER

MEDICINES
 Human DNA contains about 20,000 genes, many found in the nuclei of our bodies. The overall design of
each human is essentially the same, consisting of around 3 billion "letters" of script, each letter referring to
a DNA molecule chemical sub unit. But subtle variants in about 1% of our DNA — often the result of
being different from just one chemical letter — give people their individual identities.
 Personalize Medicine is about combining
genetic information with clinical data to
optimally tailor drugs and doses to meet an
individual patient's unique needs.
• Molecular science and engineering can help in the later stages of
the drug pipeline by inventing tools that greatly enhance the
odds of success.
• The traditional "gold standard" in evaluating the efficacy and
security of a medication is the randomized controlled clinical
experiment
• Benefits in Personalizing Medicine:
 It should make disease (and even the risk of disease)
 it could reduce medical costs
 It will through trial-anderror therapies
 allow faster delivery of appropriate doses of medication
 The engineering problems to facilitate drug
discovery parallel those needed to enable personalized
medicine: designing increasingly efficient tools and
techniques for rapid testing and evaluation so that a
range of medications can be tested rapidly, and suitable
therapies can be administered promptly.
Specific fields of Engineering that can help in
producing personalized Medicines:

Chemical Biomedical Engineer

Engineer
 Forthwith, scientists are now on the move for some
engineered medically advanced treatment. According
to Kelsey E. (2009), Dartmouth engineers explain
some of the many projects they are working on with
colleagues at Dartmouth Medical School and
DartmouthHitchcock Medical Center to give doctors
new tools for better care.
• Nano-medicine
is the intersection between nanomaterials and medical
research. It can work for cancer because cancer tissues have
a vasculature that is not well developed.

• Protein Engineering
Engineering that develop enzymes to treat bacterial
infections. Problem that they are working on is taking
natural protein sequences and manipulating them to meet
specific qualities.
CONCLUSION
Engineering is not just about inventing machines and devices that
could make our daily lives easier. With the technology that we have
today, Engineering could also help personalize medical treatments,
potentially making them more effective and accessible. Systems that
can better analyze genetic information may also lead to better
strategies to combat drug-resistance.
It appears that there are many opportunities for engineers of all
stripes to make a difference in the world. Machines and devices used
by our doctors to cure and detect disease are mostly invented by
engineers. With the combined knowledge of doctors and engineers,
there is a huge possibility for incurable diseases to have its treatment
or medicine.
QUESTIONS:
1. Human DNA contains about how many genes? 6. Engineering that develop enzymes to treat bacterial infections.
a. 20,000 genes a. Enzyme Engineering
b. 22,000 genes b. Protein Engineering
c. 25,000 genes c. Mineral Engineering
d. 32,000 genes d. Hormone Engineering
2. It is a string of chemical coding, a kind of protein blueprint and other life- 7. The size of a single pore of a cancer tissue.
needed substances. e. 100 nanometers
e. DNA f. 200 nanometers
f. Chromosomes g. 300 nanometers
g. Genes h. 400 nanometers
h. Chromatids 8. A research that randomly assigns participants to a new drug or nothing at
3. It is the intersection between nanomaterials and medical research. all, a placebo, to determine how the drug works.
i. Nanotech i. High Standard
j. Nanomedicine j. Complex Standard
k. Nanobiology k. Gold Standard
l. Nanites l. Simple Standard
4. It is the coating of nanoparticle with iron oxide and using heat to kill cancer. 9. Happens when an iron particle exposed into air.
m. Magnetic Hyperthermia m. Dissolves
n. Magnetic Hypothermia n. Evaporate
o. MRI o. Pulverized
p. Nanomedicine p. Catch Fire
5. It is about combining genetic information with clinical data to optimally tailor 10. Engineering where they develop organism-specific antibiotics for
drugs and doses to meet an individual patient's unique needs. nanomedicine.
q. Biomedicine q. Chemical Engineering
r. Nanomedicine r. Biomedical Engineering
s. Personalized Medicine s. Biological Engineering
t. Protein Engineering t. Protein Engineering