A cerebellum is located in posterior cranial fossa.

THE PROJECTION OF A HUMAN BODY ON A CEREBELLUM

 EXAMINATION OF A CEREBELLUM
• Station (pose)
• Gait
• Movements
• Muscular tone
• Speech
• Handwriting
 AN AFFECTION OF A CEREBELLUM
Disturbance of the balance is called the ataxy.
ATAXY
Disturbance of the balance at Disturbance of motor acts is
standing is called the static ataxy. called the dynamic ataxy.
To check the equilibrium of body at rest the Romberg test is used. The patient is
asked to stand with toes and heels together and arms stretched forward. The
patient stands in this position, first with opened eyes, and then patient is asked
to close eyes.
KINDS OF ATAXIA
At affection of hemispheres of the cerebellum
patient deviates to the side of lesion focus. At
cerebellar ataxia the control of the sight does not
help.
Static disturbances arise when the posterior column
of the spinal cord, where passes deep sensibility,
vestibular apparatus and vestibular worm, which
results in sensitive (spinal) ataxy. The control of the
sight plays an important role at spinal ataxy: with
closed eyes the patient starts to titter and can fall.
When patient closes eyes, he began to stagger and
may fall.
Static disturbances are marked at affection of the
cerebral cortex (frontal ataxy). At this affection, the
patient in Romberg pose it is unsteady and falls aside
opposite to the lesion focus and mental disorder.
At vestibular ataxy equilibrium disturbances are
accompanied by vertigo, nausea and vomiting.
EXAMINATION AND AFFECTION OF A VERMIS
OF A CEREBELLI

Static ataxia "Wobbly gait" Romberg test

The patient is asked to stand with toes
and heels together and arms stretched
forward. The patient stands in this
position, first with opened eyes, and then
patient is asked to close eyes).
 EXAMINATION AND AFFECTION OF A VERMIS
CEREBELLI (CONTINUATION)
Stuart – Holmes’s test
The patient suggest to bend the arm in
an elbow joint, rendering showing to
investigator. If resistance is suddenly
ceased, the arm (hand) hits the chest
with force on the side of affection.
Test on asynergia
Babinskii’s test - laying on a back the
patient suggest to sit down with the hands
crossed on a breast. At performance of such
movement at the patient legs rise, and the
leg on the party of affection rises above.
 EXAMINATION AND AFFECTION OF A
HEMISPHERES OF A CEREBELLI
Dynamic ataxia Pronator test
The heel-knee test The patient is asked to
The patient is asked to lay
The finger - down lift one knee of the
rapidly of the extended
hands from position
nose test other leg with the heel on supination in position of the
The patient suggest to the anterior of the shin. pronation.
touch an index finger to
a tip of the nose.
 OTHERS SYMPTOMS AT THE AFFECTION OF
A CEREBELLUM
• muscular hypotonia
• intention tremor (trembling of the extremities at
the end of the purposive movement, increasing
approaching to target)
• nystagmus (rhythmical twitching of eyeballs at a
sight in the parties)
• cerebellar dysarthria (speech loses smoothness,
slowed down, scanning, broken off on syllables)
• megalographia (the handwriting with roughness
and large letters)