Pancreatic Cancer

BY MOAZ MEHBOOB
Introduction

 Pancreatic Cancer is a disease in which cancer cells are formed in pancreas tissue
damaging pancreas.
 It occurs usually due to smoking and other health related issues.
 It is 4th leading cancer in the world
 No reliable screening test are available.
 Tumor makers are non specific
 Least 5 years survival rate of 3%.
Main content

 Classification
 Risk factors
 Pathology
 Prognosis
 Test Use to evaluate Pancreas Cancer
 Location of Pancreatic Cancer
 Symptoms
 Causes
 Diagnose
Classification

 Exocrine pancreatic cancer which includes adenocarcinoma.

• Benign tumors
• Borderline tumors
• Malignant tumors
 Neuroendocrine pancreatic cancer
Risk factors

 Smoking is one of the main risk factor for pancreatic cancer.

 Obesity as known as mother of all diseases is also a risk factor of pancreatic cancer.
 Self history of diabetes mellitus
 Genetic History of pancreatic cancer
 Role of gender
 Role of diet Components
 Certain Hereditary Conditions
Pathology

 3 different epithelial cell types

• Acinar cells
• Ductal cells
• Endocrine cells
 95% of malignant pancreatic neoplasm arise from acinar and ductal cells.
Prognosis

 Timing of disease –Associated symptoms

 Median Survival- 8-12 months for locally advanced unresectable disease and 3-6 months
for those who present with metastases.
Test Use to evaluate Pancreas Cancer

 Routine Blood tests e.g. Liver Products Like bilirubin.

 Elevated Tumor Makers
 MRI
 CT scans
 US
 ERCP
 Laparoscopy
 Biopsy
Discussion : Location of Pancreatic Cancer

 60 to 70 % of exocrine pancreatic cancer are localized into head.

 20 to 25% are in the body tail.
 And the remaining involves the whole organ
Symptoms

 Abdominal pain
 Weight loss
 Weakness
 Dark Urine
 Epigastic pain
 Jaundice
 Nausea
 Back Pain
Symptoms

 Diarrhea
 Vomiting
 No apatite
 Large Liver
 Cachexia
 Full lump in stomach
 Abdominal Fluid
Diagnose

 Surgery
 Radiation therapy
 Chemotherapy
 Targeted therapy
 Immunotherapy
Treatment by Surgery

 Tumors in the head of the pancreas

• Biliary Drainage
• Whipple Procedure
• Modifications
 Tumors in the body or tail of pancreas
Images
Conclusion

 Smoking is directly related to Pancreatic Cancer at least 1/3 role in pancreatic cancer
 Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer is one the most Frustrating Cancer to treat.
 For now Gemcitabine+ elrotinib and second-line treatment with OFF has shown benefit.
 Care strategies should be focused.
References

 https://www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/patient/pancreatic-treatment-pdq#:~:text=Pancre
atic%20cancer%20is%20a%20disease,is%20difficult%20to%20diagnose%20early
.
 https://
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-203554
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 https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15806-pancreatic-cancer
 https://www.healthline.com/health/pancreatic-cancer
 https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pancreatic-cancer/
 https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280605-overview