Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Infectious Diseases: Bureau of Workers' Compensation PA Training For Health & Safety (Paths)
Infectious Diseases: Bureau of Workers' Compensation PA Training For Health & Safety (Paths)
PPT-089-01 1
Infectious Diseases
Top 10 Diseases
1. HIV/AIDS
2. Ebola
3. SARs-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
4. Malaria
5. Anthrax
6. Cholera
7. Bubonic Plague
8. Influenza
9. Typhoid fever
10. Smallpox
PPT-089-01 2
Topics
Bureau of Workers’ Compensation
PA Training for Health & Safety
(PATHS)
Characteristics of:
Anthrax
Pneumonic Plague
Ebola
Smallpox
- Susceptibility to risk.
- Risk environments and conditions.
- Origins, means of transmission and
preventive measures.
- Medical requirements.
PPT-089-01 3
Infectious Disease Defined
“Disorders caused by
organisms, such as bacteria,
viruses, fungi or parasites …
which can be passed from
person to person. Some are
transmitted by insect or
animal bites while others are
passed by ingesting
contaminated food or water or
being exposed to organisms in
the environment.”
PPT-089-01 4
Spread of Disease
PPT-089-01 5
Infectious Diseases in History
PPT-089-01 6
Infectious Diseases in History
1793:
Philadelphia
yellow fever
epidemic.
Nearly 10% of
city’s 50,000
population died.
PPT-089-01 7
Infectious Diseases in History
PPT-089-01 8
Smallpox in History
PPT-089-01 9
Smallpox in History
PPT-089-01 10
Smallpox in History
PPT-089-01 11
Bubonic Plague in History
PPT-089-01 12
Bubonic Plague in History
PPT-089-01 13
Movement of the Black Plague
PPT-089-01 14
Bubonic Plague in History
In 1665-1666, the
Plague hit London killing
an estimated 100,000
people; 20% of London's
population.
PPT-089-01 15
Human Exposure
1. BACTERIA
2. RICKETTSIA
3. TOXINS
4. VIRUSES
PPT-089-01 16
Human Exposure
Bacterial Agents:
Anthrax and
Plague
Viral Agents:
Ebola and
Smallpox
PPT-089-01 17
Bacteria
PPT-089-01 18
Organism-Disease
PPT-089-01 19
Virus
PPT-089-01 20
Infection Transmission
Direct Contact
Person-to-Person
Animal to Person
Mother to Unborn Child
Indirect Contact
Touching an infected
inanimate object then yourself
without thoroughly washing.
PPT-089-01 21
Infectivity
PPT-089-01 22
Emergency Response Guidebook
Health
Fire or explosion
Public Safety
Protective clothing
Fires
Spill or leak and
First Aid
PPT-089-01 23
Anthrax
Bacteria: ANTHRAX
PPT-089-01 24
Four Types of Anthrax
PPT-089-01 25
Cutaneous Anthrax Symptoms
PPT-089-01 26
Intestinal Anthrax Symptoms
PPT-089-01 27
Intestinal Anthrax Symptoms
PPT-089-01 28
Inhalation Anthrax Symptoms
• Flu-like symptoms
• Mild chest discomfort
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea
• Coughing up blood
• Painful swallowing
Progresses to:
• High fever
• Difficulty breathing
• Shock
• Meningitis
PPT-089-01 29
Inhalation Anthrax
PPT-089-01 30
Plague
Bacteria: PLAGUE caused by pasturella pestis or yersinia pestis.
“Black Death” transmittable by bite of an
infected flea or person to person by
respiratory route.
PPT-089-01 31
Plague
Type Infection of:
PPT-089-01 32
Bubonic Plague
PPT-089-01 33
Septicemic Plague
PPT-089-01 34
Septicemic Plague
Septicemic plague is rarely transmissible human
to human but may become transmissible if the
disease reaches the pneumonic stage.
PPT-089-01 35
Pneumonic Plague Symptoms
PPT-089-01 36
Plague Symptoms
PPT-089-01 37
Plague Complications
Death
Gangrene
Meningitis
PPT-089-01 38
Plague Risk Factors
Your occupation
Hobbies
PPT-089-01 39
Ebola
PPT-089-01 40
Ebola
PPT-089-01 41
Ebola
PPT-089-01 42
Ebola
Fatality: 50-90%
PPT-089-01 43
Ebola Symptoms
Within 5 to 10 days,
may include:
Chills
Fever
Joint/muscle aches
Weakness
Severe headache
PPT-089-01 44
Ebola Symptoms
Nausea/vomiting
Diarrhea which may be
bloody
Raised rash
Chest and stomach pain
Bleeding: external and
internal due to it being a
Hemorrhagic agent.
PPT-089-01 45
Ebola Complications
PPT-089-01 46
Ebola Recovery
Sensory changes
Liver inflammation
Weakness
Fatigue
Headaches eye inflammation.
PPT-089-01 47
Smallpox
Viral: SMALLPOX
No cure or treatment
exists. A vaccine exists as
a preventative.
PPT-089-01 48
Smallpox Contracted via
Contaminated items
As a terrorist weapon
PPT-089-01 49
Smallpox Symptoms
Following incubation:
Fever
Overall discomfort
Headache
Severe back pain and fatigue
Vomiting is possible
PPT-089-01 50
Smallpox Symptoms
A few days later, flat, red spots on your face, hands and
forearms which then appear on your trunk.
Lesions may then turn into small blisters with clear fluid
8-9 days later scabs fall off leaving deep, pitted scars.
PPT-089-01 51
Smallpox Symptoms
PPT-089-01 52
Anthrax Prevention
PPT-089-01 53
Pneumonic Plague Prevention
Spread person to
person through cough
droplets (aerosolized).
Rodent-proof your
home
PPT-089-01 55
Smallpox Prevention
PPT-089-01 56
Anthrax Treatment
PPT-089-01 57
Plague Treatment
PPT-089-01 58
Pneumonic Plague Treatment
Without treatment, about 50% of persons with bubonic plague die. Almost
everyone with pneumonic plague dies if not treated. Treatment reduces the
death rate to 50%.
PPT-089-01 59
Ebola Treatment
No drug is approved to
treat and supportive care
is provided:
Rehydrating
Blood pressure
maintenance
Oxygen as needed
Lost blood replacement
PPT-089-01 60
Smallpox Treatment
Rehydrate.
Antibiotics may be used for those who have a
bacterial skin or lung infection.
Treatment
Vaccine exists which is a preventative-not cure.
No specific therapy, supportive care must include
prevention of secondary infections.
PPT-089-01 61
Immunization
PPT-089-01 62
Infectious Disease PPE
Anthrax:
Configure the necessary PPE based on the level of injury and the
point at which you make contact.
Excellent resources:
https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/bestpractices/firstreceivers_hos
pital.pdf
Also check:
PPT-089-01 63
Infectious Disease PPE
Pneumonic Plague:
PPE based on the level of injury and the point at which you make
contact:
• Emergency Responders
• Healthcare Workers, Mortuary
Workers, and Others
• Laboratory Workers
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/plague/controls.html and
https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/bestpractices/firstreceivers_hospital.pdf
Also check:
29 CFR 1910.1030-Bloodborne Pathogens,
29 CFR 1910.132-PPE,
29 CFR 1910.134-Respiratory Protection
PPT-089-01 64
Ebola PPE
PPT-089-01 65
Infectious Disease PPE
Smallpox:
Also check:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/infectious-diseases/basics/prevention/con-
20033534
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/anthrax/basics/risk-factors/con-20022705
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/cholera/basics/treatment/con-20031469
http://www.sciencechannel.com/life-earth-
science/10-infectious-diseases.htm
PPT-089-01 67
Bibliography
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ebola-
virus/basics/...
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/smallpox/basics/definition/...
www.rightdiagnosis.com › Diseases
http://www.visualdx.com/view/diagnosis/plague_s
epticemic
PPT-089-01 68
Bibliography
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/54940
5/smallpox, 12/4/2014.
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/plague/index.html
PPT-089-01 69
Bibliography
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubonic_plague
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/anthrax/diseas
e_rec.html
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/0
01363.htm
http://medical-
dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/toxins
https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/plague/controls.html
PPT-089-01 70
Bibliography
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/typhoid-fever/basics/treatment/con-
20028553
http://medical-
dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Rickettsia
PPT-089-01 71
Bibliography
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/
000596.htm
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/plague/basics/definition/CON-20021610
PPT-089-01 72
Bibliography
PPT-089-01 73
Bibliography
www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/doc
s/Great_Plague_of_London
https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/bestpractices/first
receivers_hospital.pdf
PPT-089-01 74
Bibliography
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/incubation
PPT-089-01 75
Contact Information
Like us on Facebook! -
https://www.facebook.com/BWCPATHS
PPT-089-01 76
Questions
PPT-089-01 77