IT for Managers

MBA I SEM
Phani Prasad J
 Unit I: Modern Information Systems: Data,
Information, Knowledge, Data Resource
Management: Introduction to DBMS, Benefits
of DBMS over traditional file system, Types of
DBMS, Application of DBMS using MS-ACCESS
as a tool for understanding of DBMS
concepts. SQL Query handling , Forms,
Concept of Data Warehouses and Data Marts,
Introduction to Data Centers
 Unit II:Information Networks: Networked Enterprise
Components: Types of networks, Advantages of
Network Environment, Business Uses of Internet,
Intranet and Extranet, Distributed/Cloud Computing.

 Unit III:Electronic Commerce Systems Introduction to

e-Commerce and M-Commerce, Advantages and
Disadvantages of each. E-commerce models , with
examples. Concept of Internet Banking and Online
Shopping, Electronic Payment Systems; Concept of e-
governance , World Perspective , Indian Perspective ,
Technologies for e-governance , e-governance as an
effective tool to manage the country’s citizens and
resources, Advantages and Disadvantage of E-
governance
 Unit IV: Enterprise Business Systems ERP: The
business backbone, benefits of ERP, failures
of ERP;e-CRM,e-SCM, Integration of ERP with
Business, Artificial Intelligence, Expert
Systems.

 Unit V: IT Tools MS-Excel ( cell referencing,

nested if(), conditional formatting; Advanced
Excel: LookUp(), Goal seek; Scenario Manager,
Data Tables; Introduction to SPSS
Text Books and Reference Books
 Norton P (2010), Introduction to Computers, Tata
McGraw-Hill
 Potter T (2010), Introduction to Computers, John

Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pvt Ltd

 Morley D & Parker CS (2009), Understanding

Computers – Today and Tomorrow, Thompson Press

 Jawadekar, WS (2009); Management Information

System; Tata Mc Graw Hill

 Mclead R & Schell G (2009), Management Information

Systems; Pearson Prentice Hall

 O’Brein, JA (2009); Introduction to Information

Systems; Tata Mc Graw Hill

MODULE I

MODERN
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS

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ADVANTAGES OF DBMS OVER FILE
SYSTEM
• No redundant data: Redundancy removed by data normalization. No data
duplication saves storage and improves access time.
• Data Consistency and Integrity: As we discussed earlier the root cause of data
inconsistency is data redundancy, since data normalization takes care of the data
redundancy, data inconsistency also been taken care of as part of it.
• Data Security: It is easier to apply access constraints in database systems so that
only authorized user is able to access the data. Each user has a different set of
access thus data is secured from the issues such as identity theft, data leaks and
misuse of data.
• Privacy: Limited access means privacy of data.
• Easy access to data – Database systems manages data in such a way so that the
data is easily accessible with fast response times.
• Easy recovery: Since database systems keeps the backup of data, it is easier to do
a full recovery of data in case of a failure.
• Flexible: Database systems are more flexible than file processing systems.

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TYPES OF DBMS
 RELATIONAL DBMS
 HIREARCHICAL DBMS
 NETWORK DBMS
 OBJECT ORIENTED DBMS

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SQL
QUERY
HANDLING

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 SQL stands for Structured Query Language. It
is used for storing and managing data in
relational database management system
(RDBMS).
 It is a standard language for Relational

Database System. It enables a user to create,

read, update and delete relational databases
and tables.
 SQL allows users to query the database in a

number of ways, using English-like

statements.

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 SQL commands are divided in to the following
types:
 Data Definition Language(DDL)
 Data Manipulation Language(DML)
 Data Control Language(DCL)
 Commands are grant and revoke
 Transaction control Language(TCL)
 Commands are commit and rollback

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 The following are the commands under DDL:

 Create: which is used to create data base in

the form of tables.

 Alter: which is used to add or modify the data

in the database

 Drop: which is used to delete the entire data

in the data base

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Create command in sql
 Create table table_name(field1, datatype,
field2 datatype, field3 datatype….);

 Ex: Create table employee(empid

number(05),ename varchar2(20), esalary
number(06));

 With the above command employee blank

table will be created in sql.

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Alter command in sql
 The general syntax of alter table is as follows:

 Alter table table_name[add|modify|drop]

(constraint||column)

Ex: alter table employee add(phone no

number(10) NOT NULL);
This above command will add phone no
column to existing employee table

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ALTER WITH MODIFY OPTION
 Alter table table_name modify(field name
datatype);

 Ex: alter table employee modify(ename

varchar2(25));

 The above command changes the name

length from 20 to 25.

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Drop command in sql
 The syntax of drop command is:
 Drop table table_name;

Ex: drop table employee;

This will delete the table called employee

permanently from database.

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Data Manipulation Language(DML)
 The commands under DML are:
 Insert
 Update
 Select
 Delete

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 Insert: this command is used to insert rows in
to the table.

 Insert into table table_name

values(value1,value2,….value n);

Ex: insert into table

employee(‘101’,’ashok’,’25000’,’9421234590’)
;
The above command will insert one row of
information in the employee table.

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Update command in sql
 Update: This command will change the value of a
column or group of columns in the table

Update can be used for all rows in a table or for

selected rows in a table.

Update table_name set columnname1=newvalue1,

column name2=newvalue2 where search condition;
Ex: update employee set esalary=‘30000’ where
ename=‘ashok’;

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Delete command in sql
 Delete: this command will delete the total
rows in a table or specific rows in a table
based on given criteria.

 Delete from tablename;

 Delete from tablename where condition;
 Ex:delete from employee;
 Delete from employee where empid=‘10’;

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Characteristics of Data Ware House
 Subject Oriented
 Integrated 
 Non‐ Volatile
 Time Variant

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 Subject Oriented : Data warehouses are
 designed to help you analyze data. 
 For example, to learn more about your

 company's sales data, you can build 
a warehouse that concentrates on sales. Using 
this warehouse, you can 
answer questions like 
"Who was our best customer for this item last
 year?" 

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 Integrated : Integration is closely related to subject 
orientation. Data 
warehouses must put data from disparate sources i
nto a consistent format.
  
They must resolve such problems as naming conflic
ts and inconsistencies  among units of measure. 
 For example, source A and source B may have differ
ent ways of 
identifying a product, but in a data warehouse, ther
e will be only a single  way of identifying a product. 

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 Non‐ Volatile : Nonvolatile means that, once 
entered into the warehouse,  data should not
 change.
 This is logical because the purpose of a
 warehouse  is to enable you to analyze what
 has occurred

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 TimeVariant: Historical data is kept in a data wareh
ouse.
  For example, one  can retrieve data from 3

 months, 6 months, 12 months, or even older
 data  from a data warehouse.
This contrasts with a transactions system, 
where  often only the most recent data is kept.
 For example, a transaction system  may hold
 the most recent address of a customer, where a dat
a warehouse  can hold all addresses 
associated with a customer.  

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Star Schema Example

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SQL QUERIES
 Create table employees (first name
varchar2(50),Dept varchar2(10), emp id
number(10), salary number(15));

 Table will be created

 Insert into employees

values(‘girish’,’ABC’,’1001’,’5000’);

 Alter table employees add(ph no

number(10));
 Update table name set col_name=value where
condition;
 Update employees set dept=‘hr’ where emp

id=‘1001’;

 Drop table table name;

 Drop table employees;
1. Increase the salary of all employees by 5% in
a table
Update employees set salary=salary+
(salary*5.0/100.0);

2. Find the names of employees starting with A

Select first name from employees where first

name like ‘A%’;
3. Find the number of employees working in the
department hr

Select count(*) from employees where

dept=‘hr’;

4. Print details of employees whose first name

ends with A and contain 6 Alphabets

Select * from employees where first name like

‘-----A’;
5. Print details of employees whose salary
details are between 10000 and 50000

Select * from employees where salary between

10000 and 50000;
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