AUDISANKARA 

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 

                                    Department of
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Technical Seminar on

NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY 

Presented by
M HARSHITHA
173K1A0431
 Introduction 

History

Early Development

Types of Technology
CONTENTS Night Vision Devices

Advantages and Disadvantages

Applications

Conclusion
 •  The word ‘Night vision’ itself means the ability to see in
low light conditions. 

• Humans have poor night vision compared to many other

animals. 
INTRODUCTION
• Is it really possible to see in the dark night?

•  We can see a person standing over 183m away in the

dark night.
 HISTORY

•Pre 1940’s: Flares and spot lights were used for operations at night. 

•Due to the nature of these early night vision devices (NVD), they
gave away tactical positions. 

•Military scientists began to think of ways to improve night vision to

gain a strategic advantage.
 The first night vision devices (NVD)
were created during World war-II. 

Functioned by placing an infrared filter

Early over a searchlight.  

Development Fighters would use special binoculars to

see using the light from the searchlights. 

Many problems came from this night

vision method. 
 TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY

Two technologies are used for night vision: 

1. Thermal Imaging 
2. Image Enhancement
 1.THERMAL  IMAGING

• A special lens focuses the infrared light emitted by all of the objects in view.
• The focused light is scanned by a phased array of infrared-detector elements.
• The detector elements create a very detailed temperature pattern called a thermogram.
•  It only takes about one-thirtieth of a second for the detector array to obtain the temperature information
to make the thermogram.
•  This information is obtained from several thousand points in the field of view of the detector array.
•  The thermogram created by the detector elements is translated into electric impulses..
 2. IMAGE  ENHANCEMENT

  An image-intensifier tube is used to collect and amplify infrared and visible light.

  A conventional lens, called the objective lens, captures ambient light and some near-infrared           light.

   The gathered light is sent to the image-intensifier tube.

  The image-intensifier tube has a photocathode, which is used to convert the photons of light energy into
electrons.
NIGHT VISION DEVICES

They are basically divided into three categories

1. SCOPES
2. GOOGLES
3. CAMERAS
 • Normally handheld or mounted on a weapon,
scopes are monocular (one eye-piece). 

•  Can't be worn like goggles. 

        SCOPES
•  It is good for when you want to get a better
look at a specific object and then return to
normal viewing conditions.
 • While goggles can be handheld, they are most
often worn on the head. 

• Goggles are binocular (two eye-pieces) and may

GOGGLES have a single lens or stereo lens, depending on
the model. 

• Goggles are excellent for constant viewing, such

as moving around in a dark building.
    CAMERAS

•  Cameras with night-vision

technology can send the image to a
monitor for display or to a VCR for
recording.

•   When night-vision capability is

desired in a permanent location,
such as on a building.
ADVANTAGES 

 High sensitivity in low-light. High speed imaging capability. 

 Able to detect people and vehicles at at great distances. 

 Eliminates shadows and reveal identifying lettering numbers and Objects. 

DISADVANTAGES 

 You can get blind if u look at something bright. 

 Blooming(state of anti-reflectiveness)- night vision images gets partially distorted or

completely distorted. 

 Optical distortion during manufacturing.

APPLICATIONS

  Automobile
  Military 
  Wildlife observation
  Surveillance
  Security
  Navigation
 Hidden-object detection 
            CONCLUSION

 Many people are beginning to discover the unique world

that can be found after darkness falls .

  The application within the scientific or the civilian range is

often prohibited by law.

   It is essential to combat terrorism which is a major

problem being faced by mankind.