DIGESTIV

E SYSTEM
 FUNCTION

• Take in Food

• Break down Food

• Absorb Digested Materials

• Provide Nutrients

• Eliminate waste
 Submucosa
Mucosa • Above mucosa
• Inner most layer
• Contains blood vessels, nerves,
small glands
• Secretes mucus Layers of Digestive
System
• Digestive system is one
large tube from mouth to
anus plus the accessory
Serosa/adventitia organs.
\Muscularis • Outermost layer

• Above submucosa • Peritoneum is present called

serosa
• Longitudinal, circular, and
oblique muscles • No peritoneum then called
adventitia
 ESOPHAG
MOUTH US

SMALL
STOMACH INTESTINE
MOUTH

ORAL CAVITY
o First part of Digestive system
o Contains stratified squamous epithelia

Salivary Glands
o Produce saliva which contains enzymes to breakdown
carbohydrates into glucose
o Cleanse mouth
o Dissolve moisten food
ESOPHAGUS

Tube that connects pharynx to stomach

Transport food to stomach

Joins stomach at cardiac opening

Food is pushed through your esophagus and into

your stomach with a series of muscle contractions.
STOMACH

Located in abdomen

Storage tank for food

Can hold up to 2 liters of food

Produces mucus, hydrochloric acid, protein digesting enzymes

Contains a thick mucus layer that lubricates and protects

epithelial cells on stomach wall from acidic pH
OUTER LONGITUDINAL MIDDLE CIRCULAR INNER OBLIQUE

STOMACH
3 muscular
layers
 SMALL
SMALL INTESTINE
INTESTINE
● Measure 6 meters in length ● Contains secretions for
protection against chyme’s
acidity
● Major absorptive organ

● Chyme takes 3 – 5 hours to pass

through ● Chyme is a paste like substance
that forms when food begins to
● Contains enzymes to further
be broken down
breakdown food
DUODENUM
ILUEM

PARTS OF SMALL
01 02 03 INTESITINE

JEJUNUM
DUODENUM

• 25 cm long
•
JEJUNUM
Contains absorptive cells, goblet cells,
granular cells, endocrine cells • 2.5 Meters long and absorbs nutrients
• Contains microvilli and many folds
• Contains bile and pancreatic ducts

ILEUM
• 3.5 meters long
LARGE INTESTINE

• Function is to absorb water from indigestible food

• Contains cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal

 CECUM APPENDIX
 Joins small intestine at • 9 cm structure that is
ileocecal junction often removed

 Has appendix attached

RECTUM
COLON
• Straight tube that
• 1.5 meters long begins at sigmoid and
ends at anal canal
• Contains ascending, transverse,
descending, sigmoid regions
A
• Last 2 – 3 cm of
B
• Feces is product of
C
• Microbes
digestive tract water, indigestible synthesize vitamin ANAL CANAL
food, and microbes K
• Food takes 18 – 24
hours to pass
through
 Why is Digestion
Important?
Digestion is important because your body needs nutrients from food and drink to work properly
and stay healthy. Proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water are nutrients.
Your digestive system breaks nutrients into parts small enough for your body to absorb and
use for energy, growth, and cell repair.

• Proteins break into amino acids

• Fats break into fatty acids and glycerol
• Carbohydrates break into simple sugars
 Importance of Digestive System to
Sports
 Your digestive system is your body’s fuel source. It’s responsible for breaking
down
and absorbing nutrients from food and liquid so they can be converted into
energy. As athletes, we think a lot about what nutrients we’re putting into our
bodies. But we should also be considering how we can help our digestive tract in
absorbing those nutrients.

 If your digestive tract is suffering, it can easily affect your overall nutrition.
It’s
responsible not only for absorbing nutrients you need, but for keeping toxins and
harmful chemicals out of your body, and keeping your immune system running
smoothly. A poorly functioning digestive system can also seriously impact your
mental state, concentration, and energy levels.
THANK YOU!