ENGLISH COMPREHENSION AND

COMPOSITION

Abdulrahman Ghafori
COURSE OUTLINE

 Introduction to Grammar

 Definition of grammar

 Importance of grammar

 Noun and pronoun

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OBJECTIVES
 By the end of this lecture students should:

 Be able to get more information about importance of English

language for computer science Students.

 Be able to know importance of Grammar and it’s usages to the

sentences.

 Be able to define Noun and types of noun in brief.

 Be able to use types of noun to the difference sentences.

 Be able to define pronoun and types of pronoun.

 Be able to use types of pronoun to the difference sentences.

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INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR

 The rules that show how words are combined arranged or changed to

show certain kinds of meaning.

 it can also defined as an input skill of a language through which we can

avoid ourselves from making mistakes.

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 NOUN

 Noun is a word that is used to name a person, place, thing, idea, quality

of mind and action.

 Examples:
Ali, Mohammad Nabi, Susan etc. Person

Afghanistan, India, Canada, etc. Place

Pen, Pencil, Car, Book, Door, etc. Thing

Pain, Sorrow, Happiness, etc. Idea

Love, Hate, Like, Dislike etc. Quality of Mind
To go, Going, To play, Playing, etc. Action
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 TYPES OF NOUN:

 Proper nouns

 Common nouns

 Compound nouns

 Collective nouns

 Abstract nouns

 Concrete nouns

 Material nouns
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 PROPER NOUN:

 Proper nouns are those nouns which refer to proper person, place and

thing, or a name for a particular person; place and things.

Ex:

 Proper person: Mohammad haleem, BiBi Susan

 Proper place: Afghanistan, Japan

 Proper things: Apple computer, Nokia Mobile

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 COMMON NOUN :

 Common nouns are those nouns which refer to common person, place and
thing.

Ex:

 Common person: Boy, Girl, professor, Doctor.

 Common place: University, Hospital, school.

 Common things: Computer, Television, Car

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 COMPOUND NOUN:
 Compound nouns are those nouns which are composed of two or three
words.
 E.g. College student, Bus driver, Brother-in-Law, Father-in-Law etc.

Compound Nouns are generally divided into three types:

 Open Compound Nouns.
 Close Compound Nouns.
 Hyphenated Compound Nouns.

Open: Ex: University Students, Computer Bag

Close: Ex Housewife, Classroom
Hyphenated Ex: Mother- In –law, Commander-in-chief.

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 COLLECTIVE NOUN:
 Collective nouns are those nouns which are one in number, but give plural

meaning. Or collective nouns are those nouns which look singular, but
have plural.

 E.g. Team, Staff, Audience, Army, Family etc.

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 ABSTRACT NOUN:

 Abstract nouns are those nouns which don't have physical shapes or

existence. Or the nouns that you can't see or touch.

 E.g. Pain, beauty, friendship, hope, idea, lie, silence, sleep, truth, voice,

sound, experience, love, hate, honesty, knowledge etc.

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 CONTRACT NOUN:

 Concrete nouns are those nouns which have physical shapes or existences.

Or the nouns that you can see or touch.

 E.g. Arm, face, foot, hand, stone, pen, book etc.

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 MATERIAL NOUN:

 Material nouns are those nouns which refer to substance from which other

nouns are made.

 E.g. Plastic, wood, copper, glass, iron etc.

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PRONOUN
Waheed goes to university and he teaches web design.

Pronoun is a word which is used instead of a noun to avoid the repetition

of a noun.

In English grammar pronouns divided the following:

 Subject pronouns
 Object pronouns
 Possessive pronouns
 Reflexive Pronoun
 Demonstrative Pronouns
Distributive Pronouns
Reciprocal Pronoun
Interrogative Pronouns:
Indefinite Pronouns:
Relative Pronouns:

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 DEFINITION EXAMPLES:

 Subject pronouns:

 Object pronouns:

 Possessive pronouns:

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 SUBJECT PRONOUN:
 Subject pronouns are those pronouns that represent you, the person or

people you are addressing or the people or things you are talking about.
 I : I have a Lap Top Computer.

 We: We are Computer Science students.

 You: You are English language students.

 They: They are boys.

 He: He is my brother.

 She: She is a students.

 It: It is a laser printer.

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 OBJECT PRONOUN:
 Object pronouns are those pronouns which are used after verb to function as the object of

sentence or verb.

 Me : He invited me for lunch.

 Us: She prepared an English presentation for us.

 You: Dean of BCS faculty papered a Lab room for you.

 Them: We meet them at the jahan university.

 Him: This computer is belong to him.

 Her: This Mobile is belong to her.

 It: Our neighbor child has bitten by it.

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 POSSESSIVE PRONOUN:
 Are those which are used instead of noun and show possession or ownership?
 Mine, Ours, Yours, Theirs, His, Hers, Its

 E.g.
 The computer is mine.
 This cellphone is yours.
 The ring is hers.
 That class is theirs.
 I like its color.

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SUMMARY

 Definition of grammar

 Importance of grammar

 Noun, pronoun

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 THANKS
summary

 ANY?

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